RESUMO
Mechatronic systems of electropneumatic automation are one of the main classes of industrial automation systems. A laboratory stand for the study of the mechatronic system of automatic control of the pneumatic manipulator and a computer model for preliminary experiments on the adjustment of the automatic control system were developed. Manual and software control modes are provided for research of indicators of safety and quality of management in both modes. To implement the software control mode, a microcontroller part of the laboratory stand based on ADuC841 was developed, with the help of which it is possible to simulate a part of a certain technological process, to detect and eliminate faults in the automatic control system. A study of automatic control systems using a traditional relay-contactor control system, based on GrafCet technology and using a virtual controller. The combination of computer modeling of technological processes and physical modeling of executive mechanisms is a kind of digital double that displays its state, parameters and behavior in real time. The use of a laboratory stand in combination with an adequate simulation model reduces the complexity of developing control systems for practical applications, and also contributes to the formation of students' creative component, ability to analyze the results, and make decisions in unusual situations, which will increase their theoretical and practical training. The study of mechatronic systems of pneumatic manipulators will allow to increase their efficiency and productivity, to optimize their speed and accuracy for various applications in production. The interaction of mechatronic systems of pneumatic manipulators with other technologies, such as machine learning, artificial intelligence, IoT is the basis for creating more integrated and intelligent systems.
RESUMO
In European industry, such as metallurgical, mining and processing, construction, food, and chemical, vibration exciters are used, which indicates their wide and, in some cases, unique technological capabilities. The most common are electromagnetic and unbalanced vibration exciters. The advantages of electromagnetic vibration exciters include the ability to control the amplitude of the vibration by changing the electrical power supplied; the disadvantages are high material consumption. However, unbalanced vibration exciters have low energy efficiency, which is associated with difficult start-up conditions and with an overestimated mechanical power of the vibration exciter in relation to the power required by the technology itself, which is due to the need to minimize the effect of the technological load on the operating mode of the vibrating unit. Adjusting the amplitude of the disturbing force of unbalanced vibration exciters, regardless of the vibration frequency, will make it possible to reduce the installed power of the unit by passing the resonant frequency with a minimum disturbing force and compensating for the effect of the process load by means of a closed-loop electric drive. In the course of the study, an analytical description of the interaction of the rotating unbalances located on a common movable platform was obtained. On the basis of these analytical dependencies, a mathematical model was developed that takes into account the dynamic characteristics of a frequency-controlled asynchronous electric drive of a closed-loop control system for the mutual arrangement of rotating unbalances. The simulation results confirmed the possibility of using the specified electric drive to control the oscillation amplitude directly in the process of operation of a four-unbalanced vibration exciter. A physical experiment was carried out to determine the transient processes of changing the angular velocity of an induction motor with an abrupt change in the frequency converter setting. On the basis of this experiment, the previously created mathematical model was refined in terms of describing the dynamic parameters of the electric drive. The proposed structure of the control system, the performance of which has been confirmed by mathematical modeling, makes it possible to implement an adjustable four-unbalanced vibration exciter using single commercially available asynchronous vibrators.
RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: Treatment of diseaes of the biliary system is one of the urgent problems of modern medicine. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An original pharmaceutical drug "Lavaflam" in the form of combined tablets, which includes a composition of herbal components flamin (0.05 g) and lavender oil (0.02 g), was proposed for the complex treatment of diseases of the biliary system. Flamin is phytomedicine from the immortelle flowers [Helichrysum arenarium (L.) Moench, Asteraceae], which contains a complex of active substances from the flavonoids group (salipurposide, isosalipurposide, kaempferol, luteolin). It is applied as a choleretic and an anti-inflammatory agent in cholecystitis, cholangitis, and biliary dyskinesia. Tablets were prepared by pressing for separate granulation technology. RESULTS: The lavender oil granulate was prepared using the solid phase method, and ß-cyclodextrin was used as an excipient substance. The flamin granulate was prepared by mixing with the spherical-shaped filler mannitol PARTECK M 200. On the basis of previous studies, the excipients of the designed composition tablet "Lavaflam" were ß-cyclodextrin (0.27 g), mannitol PARTECK M 200 (0.20 g), croscarmellose sodium (0.03 g), potato starch (0.022 g), PEG 6000 (0.002 g), and magnesium stearate (0.006 g). The assay of the main components of lavender oil with the references linalol and linalyl acetate was performed using gas chromatography. The assay of the total flavonoids of flamin was performed using spectrophotometry with isosalipurposide as the reference. CONCLUSION: The new phytomedicine tablets "Lavaflam" meet European Pharmacopoeia requirements on the following parameters: appearance, geometric size, average weight, disintegration, friability, resistance of tablets to crushing, and quantification.
