Psychological symptoms and salivary inflammatory biomarkers in patients with dentofacial deformities: a case-control study.

Individuals with dentofacial deformities often display a low quality of life (QoL) through biological mechanisms that remain unraveled. In this case-control study, the salivary levels of cytokines, glutamate, and kynurenine metabolites were assessed in patients undergoing orthognathic surgery (OS), while correlating these parameters with QoL and psychological symptoms. Thirty-six patients were enrolled in control (under orthodontic treatment) and test (undergoing OS) groups, matched by age and sex. The QoL was assessed through the World Health Organization Quality of Life BREF (WHOQOL-BREF) and the Orthognathic Quality of Life Questionnaire (OQLQ). The psychological symptoms were evaluated by the Satisfaction with Life Scale, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale (RSES), and the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21). The salivary levels of IL-1ß, IL-6, IL-10, glutamate, and kynurenine metabolites were evaluated. The OQLQ demonstrated increased QoL scores in the test group, regarding social aspects, facial esthetics, and function domains, without significant differences in respect to the other surveys. These patients displayed higher IL-1ß and glutamate levels; conversely, the kynurenine metabolites were unaltered. The glutamate levels positively correlated with the OQLQ function scores. The data brings novel evidence about the psychobiological features of patients with dentofacial deformities, showing salivary variations of inflammatory biomarkers in these individuals.

The role of kinin B1 and B2 receptors in the mouse model of oxazolone-induced atopic dermatitis.

This study evaluated the role of kinin B1 and B2 receptors in the pre-clinical mouse model of oxazolone-induced atopic dermatitis. The B1 R715 or B2 HOE140 receptor antagonists were dosed at different schemes of treatment. After assessment of clinical lesion scores and pruritus, lesional skin samples were collected for histopathological analysis. The plasma extravasation and the expression of the metalloproteinase ADAMTS5 were also assessed. The immunopositivity for kinin receptors was evaluated in the skin, dorsal root ganglion (DRG), thoracic spinal cord and brain cortex sections. Marked upregulation of B1 and B2 receptors was observed in the skin of oxazolone-treated mice. The induction of atopic dermatitis led to a downregulation of both receptors in the DRG, without any alteration in the spinal cord and brain cortex. The repeated administration of HOE140 (50 nmol/kg; i.p.) partially inhibited the oxazolone-related pruritus, associated with a reduction of ADAMTS5 immunolabelling in the skin. Alternatively, R715 (438 nmol/kg; i.p.) produced a mild inhibition of plasma extravasation in oxazolone-challenged mice. Noteworthy, the repeated i.d. injection of R715 (30 nmol/site) or HOE140 (3 nmol/site) significantly reduced the histiocyte numbers, according to the histopathological analysis. Either B1 or B2 kinin antagonists, irrespective of the protocol of treatment, did not alter any other evaluated clinical or histological parameters. Data brings novel evidence about the role of kinin receptors in allergy-related conditions, such as atopic dermatitis. Further studies to test different protocols of treatment with kinin antagonists on in-depth cellular alterations underlying oxazolone-induced atopic dermatitis remain to be performed.