Practical Aspects of novel MRI Techniques in Neuroradiology: Part 2 - Acceleration Methods and Implications for Individual Regions. / Praktische Aspekte neuerer MRT-Techniken in der Neuroradiologie: Teil 2 ­ Beschleunigungsverfahren und Regionen-spezifische Implikationen.

BACKGROUND: Recently introduced MRI techniques facilitate accelerated examinations or increased resolution with the same duration. Further techniques offer homogeneous image quality in regions with anatomical transitions. The question arises whether and how these techniques can be adopted for routine diagnostic imaging. METHODS: Narrative review with an educational focus based on current literature research and practical experiences of different professions involved (physicians, MRI technologists/radiographers, physics/biomedical engineering). Different hardware manufacturers are considered. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: Compressed sensing and simultaneous multi-slice imaging are novel acceleration techniques with different yet complimentary applications. They do not suffer from classical signal-to-noise-ratio penalties. Combining 3 D and acceleration techniques facilitates new broader examination protocols, particularly for clinical brain imaging. In further regions of the nervous systems mainly specific applications appear to benefit from recent technological improvements. KEY POINTS: · New acceleration techniques allow for faster or higher resolution examinations.. · New brain imaging approaches have evolved, including more universal examination protocols.. · Other regions of the nervous system are dominated by targeted applications of recently introduced MRI techniques.. CITATION FORMAT: · Sundermann B, Billebaut B, Bauer J et al. Practical Aspects of novel MRI Techniques in Neuroradiology: Part 2 - Acceleration Methods and Implications for Individual Regions. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2022; 194: 1195 - 1203.

Practical Aspects of novel MRI Techniques in Neuroradiology: Part 1-3D Acquisitions, Dixon Techniques and Artefact Reduction. / Praktische Aspekte neuerer MRT-Techniken in der Neuroradiologie: Teil 1­3D, Dixon-Techniken und Artefaktreduktion.

BACKGROUND: Recently introduced MRI techniques offer improved image quality and facilitate examinations of patients even when artefacts are expected. They pave the way for novel diagnostic imaging strategies in neuroradiology. These methods include improved 3D imaging, movement and metal artefact reduction techniques as well as Dixon techniques. METHODS: Narrative review with an educational focus based on current literature research and practical experiences of different professions involved (physicians, MRI technologists/radiographers, physics/biomedical engineering). Different hardware manufacturers are considered. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: 3D FLAIR is an example of a versatile 3D Turbo Spin Echo sequence with broad applicability in routine brain protocols. It facilitates detection of smaller lesions and more precise measurements for follow-up imaging. It also offers high sensitivity for extracerebral lesions. 3D techniques are increasingly adopted for imaging arterial vessel walls, cerebrospinal fluid spaces and peripheral nerves. Improved hybrid-radial acquisitions are available for movement artefact reduction in a broad application spectrum. Novel susceptibility artefact reduction techniques for targeted application supplement previously established metal artefact reduction sequences. Most of these techniques can be further adapted to achieve the desired diagnostic performances. Dixon techniques allow for homogeneous fat suppression in transition areas and calculation of different image contrasts based on a single acquisition. KEY POINTS: · 3D FLAIR can replace 2 D FLAIR for most brain imaging applications and can be a cornerstone of more precise and more widely applicable protocols.. · Further 3D TSE sequences are increasingly replacing 2D TSE sequences for specific applications.. · Improvement of artefact reduction techniques increase the potential for effective diagnostic MRI exams despite movement or near metal implants.. · Dixon techniques facilitate homogeneous fat suppression and simultaneous acquisition of multiple contrasts.. CITATION FORMAT: · Sundermann B, Billebaut B, Bauer J et al. Practical Aspects of novel MRI Techniques in Neuroradiology: Part 1-3D Acquisitions, Dixon Techniques and Artefact Reduction. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2022; 194: 1100 - 1108.