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1.
Rev Neurol ; 38(8): 766-74, 2004.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15122547

RESUMO

The present article is a theoretic review of the techniques used to assess the malingering of memory problems in the forensic and legal context. The necessity of instruments to facilitate the detection of malingerers is confirmed. This phenomenon is more relevant in the memory pathology context because their exaggeration or false performance is very common. The reason of this preference is the ease of the simulation of these very well known symptoms. The consequences, economics primarily, of the confirmation of brain damage sequels have produced that malingerers are well informed about the characteristics of this syndrome. This review is focus on, both tests assessing different components of memory, such as the Wechsler Memory Scale III and the California Verbal Learning Test, and tests designed specifically to detect malingering. We also differentiate tests assessing explicit and implicit memory. Likewise, future lines of research are proposed in this important legal context.


Assuntos
Psiquiatria Legal/métodos , Simulação de Doença/diagnóstico , Transtornos da Memória/diagnóstico , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Lesões Encefálicas/complicações , Compensação e Reparação/legislação & jurisprudência , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Transtornos da Memória/etiologia , Competência Mental/legislação & jurisprudência
2.
Rev. neurol. (Ed. impr.) ; 38(8): 766-774, 16 abr. 2004.
Artigo em Es | IBECS | ID: ibc-32080

RESUMO

Objetivo. Este artículo es una revisión teórica de las técnicas existentes para evaluar la simulación de problemas de memoria dentro del ámbito legal y forense. Desarrollo. Se ha constatado la necesidad de dotar al neuropsicólogo forense de instrumentos que le faciliten la detección de posibles simuladores. En especial, este fenómeno cobra mayor importancia en el ámbito de la patología de la memoria, al ser éste un campo frecuentemente elegido para la exageración o la producción falsa de sintomatología psicopatológica. El motivo de esta preferencia se encuentra en la mayor facilidad que existe para simular síntomas característicos del síndrome mnésico que son bien conocidos popularmente. Las consecuencias, principalmente económicas, de la comprobación de la existencia de un daño cerebral y sus secuelas, han provocado que cada vez los simuladores se informen más y mejor de las características de los síndromes objeto de su simulación. Conclusiones. Esta revisión se centrará tanto en pruebas generales de valoración de los diferentes componentes de la memoria, como la escala de memoria de Wechsler-III o el test de aprendizaje verbal de California, como en los tests diseñados específicamente para detectar la posible simulación, y diferenciar los que miden memoria explícita de los que valoran memoria implícita. Asimismo, se señalan posibles pautas para investigaciones futuras sobre un tema que cobra cada vez más importancia en el ámbito legal (AU)


The present article is a theoretic review of the techniques used to assess the malingering of memory problems in the forensic and legal context. The necessity of instruments to facilitate the detection of malingerers is confirmed. This phenomenon is more relevant in the memory pathology context because their exaggeration or false performance is very common. The reason of this preference is the ease of the simulation of these very well known symptoms. The consequences, economics primarily, of the confirmation of brain damage sequels have produced that malingerers are well informed about the characteristics of this syndrome. This review is focus on, both tests assessing different components of memory, such as the Wechsler Memory Scale-III and the California Verbal Learning Test, and tests designed specifically to detect malingering. We also differentiate tests assessing explicit and implicit memory. Likewise, future lines of research are proposed in this important legal context (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Testes Neuropsicológicos , Compensação e Reparação , Transtornos da Memória , Simulação de Doença , Competência Mental , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Psiquiatria Legal , Lesões Encefálicas Traumáticas
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