[Different systems of delivery of HIV-1 DNA vaccine encoding the multiepitope CTL-immunogene].

We used, within the case study, virus-like particles (VLP) and attenuated strains of salmonella for the delivery of HIV-1 DNA vaccine encoding the multiepitope CTL-immunogene. The immunogenicity of the thus obtained vaccine constructions was comparatively analyzed. All constructions were shown to be able of inducing, in immunized animals, both the specific T-cell responses and the synthesis of virus-specific antibodies. The lowest level of immune response was registered in animals immunized by "naked" plasmid DNA. The delivery by plasmid DNA involving VLP or the attenuated strain of salmonella enhances the efficiency of the DNA-vaccine presentation to the immune system.

[Immune response in oral and rectal immunization by the attenuated strain of salmonella carrying the HIV DNA-vaccine]. / Immunnyi otvet pri oral'noi i rektal'noi immunizatsii attenuirovannym shtammom salmonell, nesushchim DNK-vaktsinu protiv VICH- infektsii.

The recombinant strain of Salmonella typhimurium SL7207/pBMC-env, carrying a plasmid containing the gene of protein HIV-1 gp-160, was obtained under the monitoring by CMV-promoter. The above strain was used in the rectal and oral immunization of BALB/c mice. HIV-specific antibodies were detected in serum after a one-time immunization; such antibodies were able to inhibit the viral replication in vitro. Furthermore, the shaping-up of the specific cytotoxic and of proliferative responses was registered. Finally, the rectal immunization by cells of the Salmonella recombinant strain can be regarded as a promising delivery system of DNA-vaccine (pBMC-env), and it is more effective versus the oral immunization variant.

[Construction and study of antigenic characteristics of recombinant salmonella strain producing TBI protein]. / Konstruirovanie i issledovanie antigennykh svoistv rekombinantnogo shtamma sal'monelly, produtsiruiushchego belok TBI.

A recombinant strain producing TBI protein (artificial protein containing HIV-1 B and T cell epitopes) was constructed on the base of attenuated Salmonella typhimurium SL7207 strain and BALB/c mice were immunized with this strain in a dose of 10(9) live cells orally or rectally. A single immunization with the recombinant salmonella strain induced humoral and cellular immune response to HIV-1; hence, this strain is a promising candidate for vaccine against HIV.

[Incorporation of synthetic phospholipids into the membranes of the sarcoplasmic reticulum from the rabbit muscle]. / Vstraivanie sinteticheskikh fosfolipidov v membrany sarkoplazmaticheskogo retikuluma iz myshts krolika.

The hydrophobic spin label used in ESR showed that the iminoxyl radical rotation in the native membrane of sarcoplasmatic reticulum (SR) occurred much faster than in the membranes, modified by a synthetic lipid. Such effect was observed throughout the whole temperature range (7-40 degrees). Experimental technique for the modification of the SR membrane and the lipid by ultrasonic treatment has been developed. Synthetic lipids without ultrasonic treatment did not inhibit the activity of Ca2+-ATPase. The change in both the enzyme activity and its ability to transport the Ca2+ ions through the membrane vesicules was observed after the phospholipids incorporation into the SR membrane. The investigation of the temperature dependence (in Arrhenius coordinates) of native and modified by lecithin Ca2+-ATPase after ultrasonic treatment and also of a "pure enzyme" showed the presence of two sharp breaks at 20 degrees and 40-42 degrees. It was shown tha the break of an Arrhenius anamorphosis was caused by a lipid environment of ATPase, "melting" of a phospholipid bilayer. The break at 20-22 degrees was observed in all cases and even after the incorporation of all the lipids into the SR membrane. This phenomenon can be explained by the distortion of the protein-lipid interaction, affecting the conformation mobility of protein and the geometry of its catalytically active center.