Fully nonlinear dynamics of stochastic thin-film dewetting.

The spontaneous formation of droplets via dewetting of a thin fluid film from a solid substrate allows materials nanostructuring. Often, it is crucial to be able to control the evolution, and to produce patterns characterized by regularly spaced droplets. While thermal fluctuations are expected to play a role in the dewetting process, their relevance has remained poorly understood, particularly during the nonlinear stages of evolution that involve droplet formation. Within a stochastic lubrication framework, we show that thermal noise substantially influences the process of droplets formation. Stochastic systems feature a smaller number of droplets with a larger variability in size and space distribution, when compared to their deterministic counterparts. Finally, we discuss the influence of stochasticity on droplet coarsening for asymptotically long times.

Macroscopic response to microscopic intrinsic noise in three-dimensional Fisher fronts.

We study the dynamics of three-dimensional Fisher fronts in the presence of density fluctuations. To this end we simulate the Fisher equation subject to stochastic internal noise, and study how the front moves and roughens as a function of the number of particles in the system, N. Our results suggest that the macroscopic behavior of the system is driven by the microscopic dynamics at its leading edge where number fluctuations are dominated by rare events. Contrary to naive expectations, the strength of front fluctuations decays extremely slowly as 1/logN, inducing large-scale fluctuations which we find belong to the one-dimensional Kardar-Parisi-Zhang universality class of kinetically rough interfaces. Hence, we find that there is no weak-noise regime for Fisher fronts, even for realistic numbers of particles in macroscopic systems.

Conocimientos acerca del asma de los padres de niños asmáticos que acuden a un servicio de urgencias / Knowledge about asthma of parents of asthmatic children who come to Emergency Department

Objetivo: Evaluar los conocimientos sobre el asma de los padres de niños asmáticos que acuden por una crisis a urgencias. Material y métodos: Se entregó la versión validada en español del Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire a los progenitores seleccionados arbitrariamente. Resultados: Se encuestó a 95 progenitores (con una media de edad de 32,1 años; un 77,7% eran madres). La puntuación media del cuestionario fue de 16/31. No se encontró ninguna relación significativa entre la puntuación obtenida y la gravedad de la crisis, la necesidad de ingreso, las hospitalizaciones previas o el uso de tratamiento preventivo. Un 39,4% de los padres identificó correctamente los síntomas de las exacerbaciones. La implicación de la bronco constricción y la inflamación bronquial en las exacerbaciones fuere conocida por un 76,6 y un 63,8%, respectivamente. Sin embargo, el 47,9% opinó que el asma es un «problema nervioso», y un 91,5% no supo nombrar correctamente tres factores precipitantes de una crisis. En relación con el tratamiento, un 68,1% no reconoció dos fármacos útiles ante las exacerbaciones de la enfermedad, y un 41,5% respondió que los beta2-agonistas de acción corta son tratamientos de mantenimiento. Desconocían la existencia de tratamiento preventivo un 31,9%, un 73,4% no supo nombrar dos de ellos y para un 51,1% los antibióticos son parte fundamental del manejo del asma. Además, un 63,8% de los padres pensaba que la leche de vaca aumenta la mucosidad, y un 25,6% que estos pacientes no deberían consumir lácteos. Conclusiones: El conocimiento de los progenitores respecto al asma es escaso en nuestra población, y existen falsas creencias acerca de la patogenia de esta enfermedad. Sin embargo, no se encontró relación entre esta deficiencia y la gravedad de la crisis ,las hospitalizaciones previas o el uso de tratamiento preventivo (AU)

Objective: To evaluate parents' knowledge about asthma. Material and methods: We delivered the Spanish version of the Newcastle Asthma Knowledge Questionnaire to parents of children with an asthma attack. Results: The questionnaire was administered to 95 parents (average age of 32.1; 77.7% mothers). The mean score was 16/31. We did not find statistically significant between the score and severity of the asthma attack, need to stay in hospital, previous hospitalization or use of preventive treatment.39.4% of parents identified correctly the symptoms of an asthma exacerbation. The implication of the bronchospasm and bronchial inflammation in this exacerbation was recognized by 76.6% and 63.8%, respectively. Nevertheless, 47.9 % thought that asthma is a "nervous problem", and 91.5% could not name three triggered factors.68.1% did not know the names of two medicines useful foran asthma exacerbation, and 41.5% answered that short action beta2-agonist are "control medications". 31.9% of these parents did not know about "control medications", 73.4% could not name two of these medicines, and 51.1% answered that antibiotics are an important part in the treatment of asthma. In addition, 63.8% of these parents believed that cow's milk increases the mucosity, and 25.6% that these patients should not consume dairy produce. Conclusions: The knowledge of these progenitors was poor; they have false beliefs about the pathogenesis of this disease. Nevertheless, we did not find statistically significant between this low knowledge and the severity of the asthma exacerbation, previous hospitalization or use of "control medications" (AU)

Crisis convulsivas afebriles en el contexto de una gastroenteritis aguda leve / Afebrile convulsions with mild acute gastroenteritis

Las crisis convulsivas febriles son las más frecuentes de la infancia, tienen un excelente pronóstico y habitualmente no requieren pruebas ni tratamiento a largo plazo. Por el contrario, las crisis afebriles suelen precisar de exploraciones adicionales y si recurren pueden necesitar antiepilépticos. La existencia de convulsiones durante una gastroenteritis sin deshidratación ni fiebre es una asociación definida como crisis parainfecciosa, conocida en nuestro medio, aunque probablemente infradiagnosticada. Es importante tenerla presente con el fin de evitar pruebas excesivas y/o tratamiento antiepiléptico prolongado. Se describen dos casos diagnosticados de esta entidad tras presentar convulsiones durante una gastroenteritis (AU)

Febrile seizures are the most frequent in the infancy; they have an excellent prognosis and usually don’t need tests or long-term treatment. On the other hand, afebrile convulsions usually need additional explorations and probably anti-epileptic drugs. The existence of convulsions during a mild gastroenteritis wit neither dehydration nor fever is a well known association named para-infectious crisis but probably it is infra-diagnosed. It is important to bear it in mind in order to avoid too many tests and/or antiepileptic long treatment. We describe two cases diagnosed after presenting seizures during a mild gastroenteritis (AU)

Cystic lymphangioma as a cause of massive abdominal hemorrhage.

We report the case of two-year-old girl with hypovolemic shock caused by bleeding from an abdominal cystic lymphangioma. The whole blood was contained within a large omental bag that could be completely removed. There were no associated anomalies. The child progressed satisfactorily.

[Histopathological diagnosis and clinical significance of endometrial hyperplasia]. / Histopatoloska dijagnoza i klinicki znacaj hiperplazije endometrijuma.

Histological analysis of 266 hyperplastic endometria obtained by curettage revealed the following forms of hyperplasia: simplex 29.3%, cystic 50%, adenomatous 18.4, and atypical 2.2% (according to the classification accepted by the authors). Mild forms of endometrial hyperplasia (simple and cystic) recede in most cases spontaneously or after therapy and rarely turn into endometrial adenocarcinoma, whereas severe forms of hyperplasia (adenomatous and atypical), unless treated, often turn into endometrial carcinoma. The etiology, some clinical manifestations, and therapy of this condition of the endometrium are reviewed.

[Uterine leiomyosarcoma]. / Lejomiosarkom materice.

A case of leiomyosarcoma of the uterus in a 46-year-old patient is described. The sarcoma developed within a leiomyoma and reached the weight of 9,000 g. The preoperative diagnosis was uncertain. During the operation the case was suspected of malignancy only histologically proved malignant. The patient died of metastases 70 days after hysterectomy coupled with bilateral adnexectomy, in spite of cytostatic treatment.