Las enfermedades diarreicas de la infancia en Cali, Colombia: diseño e informe resumido de un estudio sobre los agentes patógenos aislados / Diarrheal diseases of infancy in Cali, Colombia: study design and summary report on isolated disease agents

Es importante aislar los agentes etiológicos de la diarrea de la primera infancia y definir sus vías de transmisión, especialmente en los países en desarrollo. Este artículo describe un estudio realizado con esos fines en cinco distritos de clase obrera de Cali, Colombia, cuyas condiciones ambientales pueden compararse con las de otros distritos análogos de muchas ciudades latinoamericanas (AU)

Diarrheal diseases of infancy in Cali, Colombia: study design and summary report on isolated disease agents

For public health reasons, it is important that the etiologic agents of early childhood diarrhea be isolated and identified, and that their routes of transmission be defined. This is especially true in tropical and subtropical developing countries, where childhood patterns of exposure to diarrheal disease agents usually differ from those in developed countries, and where diarrheal illness is a frequent harbinger of death among children under five years of age. This artical describes a study designed to identify diarrheal disease agents and transmission patterns in Cali, a large city of western Colombia's fertile Cauca River Valley. The study area, composed of five working-class districts with a total population of some 40,000, appeared to provide an environment fairly similar to those of many other «average» working-class communities in Latin America. Beginning in July 1962, a cohort of 296 children being born in these districts was studied, the period of investigation starting with the date of birth and continuing until each child's second birthday or its premature withdrawal from the study. Weekly home visits were made to establish defecation patterns, feeding practices, and anthropometry. The resulting data were then analyzed in terms of defecation frequencies, occurrence of liquid stools, and the presence of blood, mucus, or pus in the stools. Differences were noted in male and female defecation patterns and in the defecation frequencies of different age groups. Stool specimens for bacteriologic, virologic, and parasitologic examination were collected monthly on a regular basis and weekly when diarrhea occurred. Numerically, viruses were isolated and identified more often than other agents. The most commonly isolated parasite species and viral and bacterial serotypes were G. lamblia (from 222 subjects), echovirus 11 (from 166 subjects), and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli 026:B6 (from 138 subjects). Compared with the findings of several studies in other countries, isolations of shigellae were relatively rare (Au)

Diarrheal diseases of infancy in Cali, Colombia: study design and summary report on isolated disease agents

For public health reasons, it is important that the etiologic agents of early childhood diarrhea be isolated and identified, and that their routes of transmission be defined. This is especially true in tropical and subtropical developing countries, where childhood patterns of exposure to diarrheal disease agents usually differ from those in developed countries, and where diarrheal illness is a frequent harbinger of death among children under five years of age. This artical describes a study designed to identify diarrheal disease agents and transmission patterns in Cali, a large city of western Colombia's fertile Cauca River Valley. The study area, composed of five working-class districts with a total population of some 40,000, appeared to provide an environment fairly similar to those of many other «average» working-class communities in Latin America. Beginning in July 1962, a cohort of 296 children being born in these districts was studied, the period of investigation starting with the date of birth and continuing until each child's second birthday or its premature withdrawal from the study. Weekly home visits were made to establish defecation patterns, feeding practices, and anthropometry. The resulting data were then analyzed in terms of defecation frequencies, occurrence of liquid stools, and the presence of blood, mucus, or pus in the stools. Differences were noted in male and female defecation patterns and in the defecation frequencies of different age groups. Stool specimens for bacteriologic, virologic, and parasitologic examination were collected monthly on a regular basis and weekly when diarrhea occurred. Numerically, viruses were isolated and identified more often than other agents. The most commonly isolated parasite species and viral and bacterial serotypes were G. lamblia (from 222 subjects), echovirus 11 (from 166 subjects), and enteropathogenic Escherichia coli 026:B6 (from 138 subjects). Compared with the findings of several studies in other countries, isolations of shigellae were relatively rare (Au)

Participation et santé / sous la direction de Kenneth W. Newell / Health by the people

Cet ouvrage comporte 10 chapitres décrivant des méthodes novatrices de prestations de soins de santé primaires aux populations, notamment aux populations rurales, qui font appel à la participation de la collectivité. Un chapitre décrit de qui est fait en Inde pour intégrer la médecine traditionnelle, ou médecine ayurvédique, dans les services de santé. Les autres chapitres se rangent en trois catégories, selon qu'ils ont trait à des pays qui ont connu des transformations profondes au niveau national (Chine, Cuba, Tanzanie) , ou un élargissement des services existants (Iran, Niger, Venezuela), ou un développement communautaire dans une région circonscrite (Guatemala, Inde, Indonésie)

Health by the people / edited by Kenneth W. Newell / Participation et santé / La Salud por el pueblo

A stimulating analysis, based on country studies, of innovative methods of delivering primary health care to populations, particularly in rural areas. The book has ten chapters. The first describes the approach taken in India to integrating a traditional system of medicine, the Ayurveda system, into the health services as a whole. The remaining chapters fall into three groups. Chapters in the first group consider experiences in countries characterized by far-reaching changes at the national level, as in China, Cuba, and Tanzania. The second group, which includes Iran, Niger, and Venezuela, shows how changes have been made through an extension of the existing system. The final group is characterized by community development in limited local areas of Guatemala, India, and Indonesia

Las enfermedades diarreicas de la infancia en Cali, Colombia: diseño e informe resumido de un estudio sobre los agentes patógenos aislados / Diarrheal diseases of infancy in Cali, Colombia: study design and summary report on isolated disease agents

Es importante aislar los agentes etiológicos de la diarrea de la primera infancia y definir sus vías de transmisión, especialmente en los países en desarrollo. Este artículo describe un estudio realizado con esos fines en cinco distritos de clase obrera de Cali, Colombia, cuyas condiciones ambientales pueden compararse con las de otros distritos análogos de muchas ciudades latinoamericanas (AU)

La investigación y control de la salmonelosis / Research and control of salmonela

Publicado en inglés en el Bull. WHO 21(3):279-297, mayo 1960