[Spermoprotective properties of Prostatex in patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis].

AIM: To study the effect of Prostatex therapy on spermatogenesis in patients with infertility that developed due to chronic abacterial prostatitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 men with infertility in marriage and chronic abacterial prostatitis were included in the study. All patients received therapy with Prostatex rectal suppositories 10 mg 1 time per day. The duration of treatment was 30 days. After taking the drug, patients were observed for 50 days. The study was carried out for 80 days and included 3 visits at 1, 30 and 80 days. The study showed that the use of Prostatex rectal suppositories 10 mg had a positive effect on the main indicators of spermatogenesis, as well as on the subjective and objective symptoms of chronic abacterial prostatitis. Based on these results, we recommend Prostatex rectal suppositories to patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis, accompanied by impaired spermatogenesis, according to the scheme: 1 suppository 10 mg 1 time per day for 30 days.

[Functional state of a solitary kidney after nephrectomy for renal cancer].

INTRODUCTION: The outcome of surgical treatment of renal cancer depends not only on cancer-specific survival, but also on the degree of loss of renal function, which often develops after surgery, especially radical nephrectomy. AIM: To study the features of functional changes in a solitary kidney as a compensation mechanism after radical nephrectomy for renal cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The functional state of a solitary kidney in 36 patients with renal cancer who undergone to radical nephrectomy was evaluated. There were 20 and 16 women. The mean age was 59.0+/-10.8 years (from 39 to 76 years). The size of the tumor was in the range of 7.0-12.0 cm. All patients with a solitary kidney underwent a follow-up examination 3 months after surgery, including measurement of peripheral blood pressure with calculation of mean dynamic pressure, renal ultrasound, calculation of glomerular filtration rate (GFR), renal doppler ultrasound, determination of serum fibrinogen and fibrin monomers, and microscopy of the bulbar conjunctiva. Patients who had pathological abnormalities during the examination were prescribed reno-cardioprotective drugs, including perindopril in a titrated dose, apixaban 5 mg a day as thromboprophylaxis and for improvement of the flow properties of blood for a period of 3 months with re-evaluation of the above parameters. RESULTS: In 61.1% of patients after radical nephrectomy, on 2-4 postoperative days, there was a tendency to increase blood pressure compared to baseline values (p<0.05). By the seventh day after the procedure, the volume of the contralateral kidney increased on average by 16% (from 110.4+/-11.2 cm3 to 132.4+/-4.8 cm3, p<0.05). After radical nephrectomy, a decrease in GFR was detected in 33 cases (91.7%; p<0.05). Renal doppler ultrasound showed a moderate increase in linear blood flow, the resistance index in the main renal artery, and a decrease in the pulse index in the segmental and arcuate arteries. The microscopy of the bulbar conjunctiva in 83.3% of patients revealed changes in the microcirculatory bed, including narrowing of arterioles, dilation of venules, a decrease in venular and capillary blood flow. After 3 months of reno-cardioprotective therapy, it was revealed that the target values of blood pressure (<130/85 mm Hg) were achieved with an average dynamic blood pressure of 93.4+/-2.6 mm Hg. In addition, a decrease in creatinine to an average of 106.2+/-6.4, fibrinogen and fibrin monomers to subnormal values of 3.2+/-0.2 g/l and up to 8.1+/-0.5x10-2 g/l, respectively were seen. Renal hypertrophy according to ultrasound examination was preserved with a mean kidney volume 119.7+/-3.6 cm3. Disturbances in peripheral microcirculation according to the microscopy of the bulbar conjunctiva was assessed as moderate. CONCLUSION: The development of CKD in patients with a solitary kidney is accompanied by a structural reorganization of the organ with an increase in blood pressure, an increase in its volume, a decrease in function, microcirculatory disorders and hypertensive nephropathy. Considering the prognostic significance of changes in the solitary kidney, it is important not only to control the functional parameters, but also to include reno- cardioprotective therapy as a standard, since it contributes to the preservation of the renal function and prevents the rapid progression of CKD. Thus, medical and social rehabilitation of patients with a solitary kidney is required. However, it is currently cannot be considered comprehensive.

[Management of lower urinary tract symptoms in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia during COVID-19. results of an all-russian observational study ATLANT].

BACKGROUND: COVID-19 aggravates lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH). The optimal treatment regimen for patients with this disease during the COVID-19 pandemic is still under question. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the All-Russian observational study of Afalaza in the Treatment of LUTS in pAtieNTs with BPH during COVID-19 (ATLANT) was to obtain additional data on the efficacy and safety of Afalaza in this patient group. METHOD: s. The study enrolled 73 men aged 46-65 years with LUTS and diagnosed BPH who suffered from COVID-19. All patients received Afalaza for 16 weeks. The dynamics of BHP indicators, erectile function, and quality of life were assessed after 4, 12, and 16 weeks of treatment. RESULTS: Patients with LUTS/BHP who suffered from COVID-19 had a decrease in the total IPSS score from 21.6+/-8.6 to 6.4+/-2.4 (-70.4%) points after 16 weeks of treatment. There was a direct correlation between COVID-19 duration (and beginning of therapy) and the severity of symptoms after Afalaza treatment. According to the subjective assessment of patients, there was a significant increase in the quality of life and erectile function after 16 weeks of treatment. 9 mild AEs were registered in 12.3% of patients and were unrelated to the study drug. CONCLUSIONS: Results show that Afalaza may be a perspective drug for the treatment of LUTS/BPH in patients with COVID-19 and be used for this urological disease in the current COVID-19 pandemic.

[Spontaneous rupture of kidney tumor. Successful surgical treatment].

A clinical case of spontaneous rupture of the kidney lesion that occurred after physical exercise is presented in the article. During the examination (ultrasound, multi-slice computed tomography of the kidneys), the diagnosis was unclear, and therefore, the patient underwent surgical treatment. Given the risks of complications and impossibility to exclude the malignancy, a decision was made to perform nephrectomy. The diagnosis was clear cell adenocarcinoma. We consider the prompt nephrectomy in this clinical situation as a success.

[Treatment and prevention of chronic cystitis in women].

AIM: to evaluate the efficiency of the dietary supplement NefroBest in women with chronic cystitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: On the basis of the Department of Urology and Nephrology of the Altai State Medical University and the urological department of the NUZ CH "RJD Medicine", Barnaul, from September 2019 to August 2020 a total of 40 women with chronic cystitis were treaeted. Depending on the type of treatment, all women were divided into the main and control groups, each of 20 people. In the main group, patients received standard therapy and dietary supplements NefroBest. In the control group, patients were prescribed only to standard therapy. RESULTS: The results were evaluated one and two months after the start of therapy. In the main group a more rapid resolution of symptoms and laboratory abnormalities were seen, as well as an improvement of the endoscopic picture and urodynamic parameters. CONCLUSION: The complex of biologically active substances in the dietary supplement NefroBest has an antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic effect, and reduces the risk of recurrence of chronic cystitis. Thus, the dietary supplement NefroBest can be recommended as a component of the complex therapy of recurrences of chronic cystitis, as well as a prophylactic treatment during relapse-free period.

[Possibilities of using sildenafil in patients with cardiovascular comorbidities who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate].

AIM: To study the efficacy and safety of using sildenafil in patients with erectile dysfunction (ED) and concomitant cardiovascular diseases (CVD) who underwent transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 59 patients (age from 50 to 75 years) with a diagnosis of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), requiring surgical treatment due to inefficiency of drug therapy, I-PSS score more than 20 points), who were sexually active, but had erectile dysfunction (IIEF score < 21), coronary heart disease (NYHA class I) and stage 1-2 hypertension with stable blood pressure. All patients underwent bipolar TURP. From the first day after the TURP, therapy was prescribed as following: tamsulosin 0.4 mg once a day for 90 days, ciprofloxacin 500 mg twice a day for 10 days. In addition, the patients received treatment for comorbidities. In the main group (n=30), men additionally received sildenafil (EFFEX Sildenafil Evalar) 50 mg daily for 60 days, starting from the 30th day postoperatively. We have chosen this drug from an economic standpoint. RESULTS: At baseline, all patients in both groups had hemodynamic and microcirculatory disorders in the prostate, which got worse in the early postoperative period. During the long-term follow-up, hemodynamic and microcirculatory impairments decreased. This effect was more pronounced in patients who received sildenafil. In addition, patients had an improvement in sexual function. During follow-up, there was no adverse effects of sildenafil on hemodynamic parameters (blood pressure, heart rate). CONCLUSION: Our results allow to recommend sildenafil in order to restore sexual function postoperatively in patients with BPH, including those with concomitant cardiovascular disorders.

[Clinical, morphological and microcirculatory criteria of local recurrence of the prostate cancer after HIFU therapy].

AIM: to study the clinical, morphological and microcirculatory criteria for treatment efficiency and prognosis of local recurrence after HIFU. MATERIALS AND METHODS: On the basis of the urological department of Clinical Hospital "Russian Railways - Medicine" in Barnaul (the clinical base of the Department of Urology and Andrology with a course of Specialized Surgery of FGBOU VO "Altai State Medical University") for the period 2011-2018, a comprehensive examination and treatment of 240 patients with prostate cancer (PCa) by means of HIFU using "Ablatherm" was performed following transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP). The indication for HIFU was morphologically-proven PCa (stage T2a-cN0M0) in patients with contraindications due to comorbidities or those who refused from radical prostatectomy. RESULTS: A decrease in PSA to 0.5 ng/ml or less was observed in 74% of patients. A stable PSA level for 3 years was observed in 76% of patients. PSA levels differed depending on the PCa risk group. In the low-risk PCa, negative biopsy was seen in 89.6% of cases, in comparison with 72.2% and 69.4% in intermediate and high-risk PCa, respectively. There was a significant decrease in the volume of the prostate in all patients with low-risk PCa. The largest decrease in prostate volume was observed 12 months after HIFU. Regarding recurrence-free survival after HIFU therapy, during follow-up of 3 years or more, 77% of patients didnt have any signs of recurrence. A 3-year overall survival after HIFU was 83%. In addition, an increase in postoperative PSA levels, change in parameters of Doppler study and laser Doppler flowmetry at the area of the prostate during the period of 6-36 months after HIFU was associated with a significant increase in the risk of recurrence of PCa at biopsy. CONCLUSION: HIFU therapy is an effective treatment method for inducing prostate necrosis with minimal collateral damage to the surrounding tissue. The best results were achieved in patients with low-risk PCa. There were minimal adverse events after HIFU. In addition, in case of relapse after HIFU therapy, there is an opportunity for an early assessment of the efficiency and prognosis.

[The influence of proteolytic enzymes on the antioxidant defensive system in infertile married men].

The causes of male infertility remain unclear in 30-75% cases and are considered idiopathic. The study of influence of free oxygen radicals on the male reproductive function is of outmost interest. Given the important role of hyaluronidase in the penetration of sperm into the egg, we decided to evaluate the drug Longidaza, which has long-acting enzymatic (proteolytic) activity. A total of 48 men with idiopathic infertility were included in the study. All patients were divided into two groups (24 men each). In Group 1 there was a recommendation to attempt to conceive for 1 year without additional treatment. In Group 2, patients were prescribed Longidaza according to the proposed scheme. During the follow-up, there was a significant improvement in the antioxidant defense system of the ejaculate in Group 2, which was accompanied by an increase in the fertilizing ability of the ejaculate and an increase in number of conceptions by 29.1.

[The preparation of patients with urinary stone disease to extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy].

The treatment of urinary stone disease is one of the most urgent and complex issue in modern urology. Citrate is one of the most important natural urinary inhibitors of stone formation. In this regard, the drugs containing citrate sodium and potassium are being actively used. AIM: to assess the efficiency and safety of Uryklar, dietary supplements. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 57 patients with proximal ureteric stones were included in the study (intervention group (n=30) and control group (n=27)). After stenting all patients received antispasmoic, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial therapy. In the intervention group Uryklar was additionally administered (405 mg), 1 capsule TID for 1 month. All patients were undergone to extracorporeal shock-wave lithotripsy with subsequent removing of the stent. In all cases multiplanar CT was done before and 28 days after initiation of drug therapy for determination of stone size, contour and density. 10 days after stent removal the symptoms and stone-free rate were assessed using US, plain X-ray and intravenous urography, blood count, urinalysis, biochemical blood analysis. RESULTS: In patients receiving Uryklar, there was a significant reduction of stone size during the observation, up to complete dissolution.

[Complex treatment of chronic cystitis in women].

PURPOSE: Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of Phytolysin in complex treatment of female patients with chronic cystitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 40 women with chronic cystitis were examined from January 2016 to March 2016. Depending on the treatment, all patients were divided into two groups of 20 people. Main group of patients was treated with Fosfomycin (Monural) and Phytolysin. Control group of patients received monotherapy with fosfomycin. RESULTS: The results were assessed at 1 and 2 months after initiation of therapy. Rapid normalization of the status and laboratory parameters, improvement of dynamics of the endoscopic view was observed in main group of patients. CONCLUSION: The complex of biologically active substances contained in Phytolysin has antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antispasmodic, and immunomodulatory effects, promotes the normalization of urodynamics of lower urinary tract, reduces the risk of relapse of chronic recurrent cystitis. Thus, Phytolysin can be recommended as a component of complex therapy of exacerbations of chronic cystitis, as well as a drug for prevention of the disease in disease-free periods.

[ROLE OF CYTOMEDINES IN THE TREATMENT OF PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC PROSTATITIS ASSOCIATED WITH IMPAIRED SPERMATOGENESIS].

The efficiency and safety of tablet drug Vitaprost in the treatment of 35 patients with chronic abacterial prostatitis associated with impaired spermatogenesis were evaluated. The treatment course comprises the use of drug 1 tablet 2 times a day for 60 days. It was shown that Vitaprost had a positive effect on the basic parameters of spermatogenesis, helping to increase the number of sperm cells (28.8%), their mobility (17%), and viability (14.2%). The number of abnormal sperm cells at the same time decreased by 26.2%.