Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 5 de 5
Filtrar
1.
Emergencias (St. Vicenç dels Horts) ; 27(1): 50-54, feb. 2015. ilus, tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-134024

RESUMO

Objetivos: Detectar las barreras con las que se encuentra el personal sanitario en la prescripción y administración de antibióticos en un servicio de urgencias hospitalario (SUH). Método: Se diseñó una encuesta con 14 ítems para valorar el grado de conocimiento de la importancia de la precocidad en el inicio de tratamiento antibiótico, los intervalos de dosificación adecuados, el ajuste a la función renal y la terapia secuencial. Las respuestas a cada ítem fueron cualitativas con 5 categorías. Se consideró que los ítems que obtuvieron una respuesta correcta menor del 75% precisaban de una intervención específica. Resultados: Se recogieron 150 encuestas cumplimentadas de las 200 repartidas entre el personal sanitario (tasa de respuesta del 75%). Los ítems con una respuesta correcta menor del 75% y que por tanto se consideró que requerían de una intervención específica fueron: la claridad en la órdenes médicas (65%), el conocimiento de la implicación del tratamiento antibiótico empírico precoz en el pronóstico de las infecciones graves (67%), la estimación de la prevalencia de la insuficiencia renal (42%), un valor de creatinina sérica inferior a 1,6 mg/dl considerado como seguro(33%), el filtrado glomerular como parámetro que se debe utilizar para ajustar la dosis a la función renal (47%) y el conocimiento de la terapia secuencial (60%). Conclusión: Este estudio permite conocer las dificultades con las que se encuentra el personal sanitario a la hora de prescribir y administrar antibióticos en un SUH y facilita el diseño de estrategias de mejora que incluyan desde formación específica a técnicas de prescripción electrónica (AU)


Objective: To detect the problems hospital emergency room staff have when prescribing and administering antibiotics. Methods: A 14-item questionnaire was designed to assess staff members’ knowledge of the importance of starting antibiotic treatment promptly, assigning appropriate dosing intervals, adjusting for renal function, and switching to oral therapy. Agreement with each item was expressed on a 5-point Likert scale. Items with a rate of appropriate response of less than 75% were targeted for specific attention. Results: Two hundred questionnaires were distributed to the staff and 150 were returned completed (response rate,75%). The following items were targeted for attention based on rates of appropriate response of less than 75%: clear medical orders (65%), understanding the implication of early empirical antibiotic therapy on prognosis in serious infections(67%), estimation of the prevalence of renal insufficiency (42%), assumption that a creatinine serum level under< 1.6 mg/dL is safe (33%), use of glomerular filtration rate to adjust dose according to renal function (47%), and an understanding of switching from intravenous to oral treatment (60%). Conclusions: This study revealed the difficulties medical and nursing staff have in prescribing and administering antibiotics in a hospital emergency department. The results can facilitate improvements in antibiotic therapy by pinpointing areas to target for specific training interventions or the design of electronic prescribing aids (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Prescrições de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Uso de Medicamentos/estatística & dados numéricos , Tratamento de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos , Antibacterianos/uso terapêutico , /estatística & dados numéricos , Recursos Humanos em Hospital/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços Médicos de Emergência/estatística & dados numéricos
2.
Emergencias ; 27(1): 50-54, 2015 Feb.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29077335

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: To detect the problems hospital emergency room staff have when prescribing and administering antibiotics. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A 14-item questionnaire was designed to assess staff members' knowledge of the importance of starting antibiotic treatment promptly, assigning appropriate dosing intervals, adjusting for renal function, and switching to oral therapy. Agreement with each item was expressed on a 5-point Likert scale. Items with a rate of appropriate response of less than 75% were targeted for specific attention. RESULTS: Two hundred questionnaires were distributed to the staff and 150 were returned completed (response rate, 75%). The following items were targeted for attention based on rates of appropriate response of less than 75%: clear medical orders (65%), understanding the implication of early empirical antibiotic therapy on prognosis in serious infections (67%), estimation of the prevalence of renal insufficiency (42%), assumption that a creatinine serum level under < 1.6 mg/dL is safe (33%), use of glomerular filtration rate to adjust dose according to renal function (47%), and an understanding of switching from intravenous to oral treatment (60%). CONCLUSION: This study revealed the difficulties medical and nursing staff have in prescribing and administering antibiotics in a hospital emergency department. The results can facilitate improvements in antibiotic therapy by pinpointing areas to target for specific training interventions or the design of electronic prescribing aids.


OBJETIVO: Detectar las barreras con las que se encuentra el personal sanitario en la prescripción y administración de antibióticos en un servicio de urgencias hospitalario (SUH). METODO: Se diseñó una encuesta con 14 ítems para valorar el grado de conocimiento de la importancia de la precocidad en el inicio de tratamiento antibiótico, los intervalos de dosificación adecuados, el ajuste a la función renal y la terapia secuencial. Las respuestas a cada ítem fueron cualitativas con 5 categorías. Se consideró que los ítems que obtuvieron una respuesta correcta menor del 75% precisaban de una intervención específica. RESULTADOS: Se recogieron 150 encuestas cumplimentadas de las 200 repartidas entre el personal sanitario (tasa de respuesta del 75%). Los ítems con una respuesta correcta menor del 75% y que por tanto se consideró que requerían de una intervención específica fueron: la claridad en la órdenes médicas (65%), el conocimiento de la implicación del tratamiento antibiótico empírico precoz en el pronóstico de las infecciones graves (67%), la estimación de la prevalencia de la insuficiencia renal (42%), un valor de creatinina sérica inferior a 1,6 mg/dl considerado como seguro (33%), el filtrado glomerular como parámetro que se debe utilizar para ajustar la dosis a la función renal (47%) y el conocimiento de la terapia secuencial (60%). CONCLUSIONES: Este estudio permite conocer las dificultades con las que se encuentra el personal sanitario a la hora de prescribir y administrar antibióticos en un SUH y facilita el diseño de estrategias de mejora que incluyan desde formación específica a técnicas de prescripción electrónica.

3.
Eur J Clin Invest ; 44(8): 707-18, 2014 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24920307

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Outpatient quick diagnosis units (QDUs) have become an increasingly recognized alternative to hospitalization for the diagnosis of a number of potentially serious diseases. No study has prospectively evaluated the usefulness of QDU for the diagnosis of unexplained fever. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We prospectively assessed patients referred to QDU due to fever of uncertain nature (FUN), defined as a temperature > 38 °C during at least 1 week and no diagnosis after a previous evaluation. We also evaluated consecutive patients with FUN who were hospitalized during the same period. QDU and hospital costs were analysed by micro-costing techniques. RESULTS: We evaluated 176 QDU patients and 168 controls. QDU patients were younger and required fewer investigations than controls. QDU patients had higher prevalence of viral infections (36% vs. 8%, P < 0·001) and lower prevalence of bacterial infections (6% vs. 46%, P < 0·001) and malignancies (2% vs. 14%, P < 0·001). While time-to-diagnosis of QDU patients was longer than length-of-stay of controls (25·82 vs.12·89 days, P < 0·001), 56% of QDU patients only required up to two visits. Cost per QDU patient was €644·59, while it was €4404·64 per hospitalized patient. CONCLUSIONS: QDU patients with FUN were younger and had less serious diseases than controls including more viral and less bacterial infections and fewer malignancies. Mainly owing to untimely diagnostic reports, time-to-diagnosis was longer in QDU patients. Cost-savings in QDU were substantial. Using objective tools to evaluate the condition severity and general health status of FUN patients could help decide the most appropriate setting for their diagnostic study.


Assuntos
Febre de Causa Desconhecida/etiologia , Sistemas Automatizados de Assistência Junto ao Leito , Adolescente , Adulto , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Assistência Ambulatorial/economia , Assistência Ambulatorial/estatística & dados numéricos , Doenças Autoimunes/complicações , Doenças Autoimunes/diagnóstico , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Custos e Análise de Custo , Febre de Causa Desconhecida/economia , Hospitalização/economia , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Humanos , Infecções/complicações , Infecções/diagnóstico , Tempo de Internação , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Neoplasias/complicações , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Sistemas Automatizados de Assistência Junto ao Leito/economia , Estudos Prospectivos , Tempo para o Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
SELEÇÃO DE REFERÊNCIAS
DETALHE DA PESQUISA
...