Advanced Artificial Electronic Skin Based pH Sensing System for Heatstroke Detection.

Heatstroke is a serious illness that can potentially damage many victims every year. Many intelligent physical sensors have been developed to prevent heatstroke fatalities. However, it remains a challenge to fabricate skin-adhesive, small, and low-cost sensors for in situ heatstroke detection to overcome the weaknesses of the physical sensors. As far as we know, this is the first breakthrough for exploiting a PDMS based freestanding nanosheet skin patch consisting of pH sensing elements (antimony/antimony oxide and silver/silver iodate) to achieve high pH sensitivity and repeatability. The sensing elements were investigated for structural and morphological properties. The easy to use and easy to fabricate nanosheet sensor exhibited a linear pH response of -43 mV/pH. Overall, the developed sensor showed high sensitivity, repeatability, and stability. Our initial results indicate that the developed sensor adhered well to a skin surface. It is expected that this proof of concept approach gives reliable fabrication and measurement unlike other physical sensors.

Syntheses and Immunological Evaluation of Self-Adjuvanting Clustered N-Acetyl and N-Propionyl Sialyl-Tn Combined with a T-helper Cell Epitope as Antitumor Vaccine Candidates.

Sialyl-Tn (STn) is a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen (TACA) rarely observed on healthy tissues. We synthesized two fully synthetic N-acetyl and N-propionyl STn trimer (triSTn) vaccines possessing a T-helper epitope and a TLR2 agonist, since the clustered STn antigens are highly expressed on many cancer cells. Immunization of both vaccines in mice induced the anti-triSTn IgG antibodies, which recognized triSTn-expressing cell lines PANC-1 and HepG2. The N-propionyl triSTn vaccine induced the triSTn-specific IgGs, while IgGs induced by the N-acetyl triSTn vaccine were less specific. These results illustrated that N-propionyl triSTn is a valuable unnatural TACA for anticancer vaccines.