Relationship between DNA repair capacity and resistance to genotoxins in four human cell lines.

We have developed fast, reliable and simple fluorescent method to assess and compare repair capacity of cells. To this end plasmid pEGFP containing the gene for the enhanced green fluorescent protein was damaged in vitro by genotoxic agents and introduced into cells by transfection. The repair capacity of the cells was determined from the number of fluorescent cells counted with a fluorescent microscope 24 h after transfection. The ability of four human tumor cell lines--HEK293, HeLa, Namalwa and K562 to repair DNA lesions inflicted by cis-diamminedichloroplatinum(II), UV light, 8-methoxypsoralen and 4',5'-8-trimethylpsoralen were determined and compared to the survival rates of the cells after treatment with the same genotoxic agents. In most but not all cases, there was a good correlation between repair capacity and cell survival. This finding indicates that the DNA repair capacity could be used as a biomarker in risk assessment and/or drug resistance assays.