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1.
Chem Commun (Camb) ; 60(13): 1735-1738, 2024 Feb 08.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38240365

RESUMO

N-2,6-Di(isopropyl)phenyl-2-azaphenalenyl radical cations were obtained as a dark brown air-sensitive crystalline compound. The high HOMA values and the ACID calculation indicate relatively high aromatic character of a 5,8-di-tert-butyl derivative, and clean generation of a derivative without tert-butyl groups indicates that the di(isopropyl)phenyl group is sufficient for hampering the formation of the σ-dimer.

2.
Heart ; 110(7): 476-481, 2024 Mar 12.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37666647

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Takotsubo syndrome (TTS) is an acute heart failure syndrome, featured by transient left ventricular systolic dysfunction. Recurrences of TTS are not infrequent and there is no standard preventive therapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate in a network meta-analysis if beta-blockers (BB) and ACE inhibitors/angiotensin receptor blockers (ACEi/ARBs), in combination or not, can effectively prevent TTS recurrences. METHODS: We performed a systematic network meta-analysis, using MEDLINE/EMBASE and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials for clinical studies published between January 2010 and September 2022. We considered all those studies including patients receiving medical therapy with BB, ACEi/ARBs. The primary outcome was TTS recurrence. RESULTS: We identified 6 clinical studies encompassing a total of 3407 patients with TTS. At 40±10 months follow-up, TTS recurrence was reported in 160 (4.7%) out of 3407 patients. Mean age was 69.8±2 years and 394 patients (11.5%) out of 3407 were male. There were no differences in terms of TTS recurrence when comparing ACEi/ARBs versus control (OR 0.83; 95% CI 0.47 to 1.47, p=0.52); BB versus control (OR 1.01; 95% CI 0.63 to 1.61, p=0.96) and ACEi/ARBs versus BB (OR 0.88; 95% CI 0.51 to 1.53, p=0.65).Combination of BB and ACEi/ARBs was also not effective in reducing the risk of recurrence versus control (OR 0.91; 95% CI 0.58 to 1.43, p=0.68) vs ACEi/ARBs (OR 0.79; 95% CI 0.46 to 1.34, p=0.38)) and vs BB (OR 0.77; 95% CI 0.49 to 1.21, p=0.26). CONCLUSIONS: Our study did not find sufficient statistical evidence regarding combination therapy with BB and ACEi/ARBs in reduction of TTS recurrence.


Assuntos
Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina , Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo , Humanos , Masculino , Idoso , Feminino , Inibidores da Enzima Conversora de Angiotensina/uso terapêutico , Antagonistas de Receptores de Angiotensina/uso terapêutico , Sistema Renina-Angiotensina , Metanálise em Rede , Anti-Hipertensivos/uso terapêutico , Antagonistas Adrenérgicos beta/uso terapêutico
3.
Chempluschem ; 88(2): e202200360, 2023 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36515279

RESUMO

Tetraphenylethylene (TPE) derivatives bearing a xanthene moiety are of interest because they have novel optical properties. 9,9-Bis[4-(N,N-diphenylamino)phenyl] and 9,9-bis[4-(9-carbazolyl)-phenyl]methylidene-xanthylidenes 3 and 4 were synthesized using Suzuki-Miyaura coupling of 9,9-dibromomethylidene-xanthylidene with the corresponding boronic acids. Diphenylamino derivative 3 exhibits mechanochromism and mechanofluorochromism (MC and MFC) reflected in absorption and fluorescence color changes. In contrast, carbazolyl derivative 4 displays thermo- and crystallo-chromism in addition to MC and MFC in the solid state. Powder X-ray diffraction and single crystal X-ray crystallographic analysis reveal that the solid state photophysical properties of these substances are governed by conformational changes rather by the creation of planar π-conjugation extended geometries.

4.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 15578, 2021 08 02.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34341424

RESUMO

Multiple factors regulate glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) secretion, but a group of apparently healthy subjects showed blunted responses of GLP-1 secretion in our previous study. In this study, we examined whether the reduction in GLP-1 secretory capacity is associated with increased extent of coronary artery stenosis in non-diabetic patients. Non-diabetic patients who were admitted for coronary angiography without a history of coronary interventions were enrolled. Coronary artery stenosis was quantified by Gensini score (GS), and GS ≥ 10 was used as an outcome variable based on its predictive value for cardiovascular events. The patients (mean age, 66.5 ± 8.8 years; 71% males, n = 173) underwent oral 75 g-glucose tolerant tests for determination of glucose, insulin and active GLP-1 levels. The area under the curve of plasma active GLP-1 (AUC-GLP-1) was determined as an index of GLP-1 secretory capacity. AUC-GLP-1 was not correlated with fasting glucose, AUC-glucose, serum lipids or indices of insulin sensitivity. In multivariate logistic regression analysis for GS ≥ 10, AUC-GLP-1 < median, age and hypertension were selected as explanatory variables, though fasting GLP-1 level was not selected. The findings suggest that reduction in GLP-1 secretory capacity is a novel independent risk factor of coronary stenosis.


Assuntos
Estenose Coronária/metabolismo , Peptídeo 1 Semelhante ao Glucagon/metabolismo , Idoso , Área Sob a Curva , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Análise Multivariada , Fatores de Risco
5.
Circ J ; 84(7): 1097-1104, 2020 06 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32522902

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: How the time sequence of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) procedures is related to clinical outcomes in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) remains unclear. This study examined the impact of the time interval from collapse to start of CPR (no-flow time, NF time) and the time interval from start of CPR to implementation of extracorporeal CPR (ECPR) (low-flow time, LF time) on neurological outcomes.Methods and Results:During the period from 2010 to 2015, we enrolled 85 patients who received ECPR. Fourteen patients (16.5%) showed favorable 30-day neurological recovery. NF time was shorter in the favorable neurological recovery group than in the unfavorable recovery group (1.4±3.0 vs. 5.2±5.8 min, P<0.05), though combined NF+LF times were similar in the 2 groups (50.1±13.2 vs. 55.1±14.8 min, P=0.25). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that pupil diameter at arrival and NF time were independently associated with favorable neurological recovery. The optimal cut-off value of NF time to predict favorable neurological recovery was 5 min (area under curve: 0.70, P<0.05; sensitivity, 85.7%; specificity, 52.1%). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that NF time is a better predictor than NF+LF time for neurological outcomes in OHCA patients who received ECPR, and that start of CPR within 5 min after collapse is crucial for improving neurological outcomes followed by use of ECPR.


Assuntos
Reanimação Cardiopulmonar , Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea , Parada Cardíaca Extra-Hospitalar/terapia , Tempo para o Tratamento , Adulto , Idoso , Reanimação Cardiopulmonar/efeitos adversos , Reanimação Cardiopulmonar/mortalidade , Avaliação da Deficiência , Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea/efeitos adversos , Oxigenação por Membrana Extracorpórea/mortalidade , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Exame Neurológico , Parada Cardíaca Extra-Hospitalar/diagnóstico , Parada Cardíaca Extra-Hospitalar/mortalidade , Parada Cardíaca Extra-Hospitalar/fisiopatologia , Recuperação de Função Fisiológica , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Tempo , Resultado do Tratamento
6.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32161206

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: In this study, we aim to establish supportive measures for sustaining a healthy diet in students and young adults after graduating from high school by examining possible factors leading to changes in their daily nutrient consumption. METHODS: A questionnaire survey was conducted among university, college, and vocational school students throughout the main island of Japan (total numbers of respondents with valid responses, 1,256) to evaluate their diets using a five-point scale. Two groups were selected based on the status of daily nutrient consumption. One group comprised 258 students who had maintained high nutrition scores (scored ≥ 4 points in all six primary food groups) since their third year in high school (maintained high-score group) and the other group comprised 250 students whose nutrition scores declined after high school (decreased-score group: scored high in the third year of high school but the scores decreased after admission to universities, colleges, and other institutes). By comparing these two groups, we investigated the possible factors affecting the decrease in nutrition scores. RESULTS: As the number of students in "the period of solitary living" and with the behavior of "skipping breakfast" increased, the proportion of students in the decreased-score group was found to increase. The eating behaviors that significantly differed between the students in the third year and those after graduating from high school were "skipping breakfast", "eating out", and "instant food intake" in the decreased-score group in both genders. CONCLUSION: Results of this study indicate that we must promote measures that address the factors affecting nutrition intake after high school graduation.


Assuntos
Dieta , Avaliação Nutricional , Estado Nutricional , Estudantes , Adolescente , Comportamento Alimentar , Humanos , Japão , Estudantes/psicologia , Adulto Jovem
7.
Heart Vessels ; 34(11): 1789-1800, 2019 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31119378

RESUMO

Which combination of clinical parameters improves the prediction of prognosis in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) remains unclear. We examined whether combined assessment of pulmonary vascular resistance and right ventricular function by echocardiography is useful for classifying risks in PAH. In 41 consecutive patients with PAH (mean age of 48.9 ± 17.3 years, 31 females), a 6-min walk test, pulmonary function test, and echocardiography were performed at baseline and during PAH-specific therapies. The study endpoint was defined as a composite of cardiovascular death and hospitalization for PAH and/or right ventricular failure. During a follow-up period of 9.2 ± 8.7 months, 18 patients reached the endpoint. Multivariate regression analysis showed that the ratio of tricuspid regurgitation pressure gradient to the time-velocity integral of the right ventricular outflow tract (TRPG/TVI) and tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) during PAH-specific treatment were independent prognostic predictors of the endpoint. Using cutoff values indicated by receiver operating characteristic analysis, the patients were divided into four subsets. Multivariate analyses by Cox's proportional hazards model adjusted for age, sex and body mass index indicated that subset 4 (TRPG/TVI ≥ 3.89 and TAPSE ≤ 18.9 mm) had a significantly higher event risk than did subset 1 (TRPG/TVI < 3.89 and TAPSE > 18.9 mm): HR = 25.49, 95% CI 4.70-476.97, p < 0.0001. Combined assessment of TRPG/TVI and TAPSE during adequate PAH-specific therapies enables classification of risks for death and/or progressive right heart failure in PAH.


Assuntos
Ecocardiografia/métodos , Hipertensão Arterial Pulmonar/epidemiologia , Artéria Pulmonar/fisiopatologia , Pressão Propulsora Pulmonar/fisiologia , Medição de Risco , Resistência Vascular/fisiologia , Feminino , Seguimentos , Ventrículos do Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Ventrículos do Coração/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prognóstico , Hipertensão Arterial Pulmonar/classificação , Hipertensão Arterial Pulmonar/fisiopatologia , Artéria Pulmonar/diagnóstico por imagem , Curva ROC , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Sístole , Função Ventricular Esquerda/fisiologia , Função Ventricular Direita/fisiologia
8.
Chempluschem ; 84(6): 722-729, 2019 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31944012

RESUMO

The highly conjugated imides, 9-diphenyl-aminobenzo[k]fluoranthene imide and N-phenylcarbazo[2,3-k]fluoranthene imide, were produced by Buchwald-Hartwig reaction of N-octyl-9,10-dibromobenzo[k]fluoranthene imide with diphenylamine. In a similar manner, reaction of the N-ethylhexyl-9,10-dibromo derivative with carbazole leads to formation of 9-(N-carbazoyl)benzo[k]fluoranthene imide. All the benzo[k]fluoranthene imide (BFI) derivatives in solution show remarkable solvatofluorochromism. Diphenylamino and 9-(N-carbazoyl) derivatives, having twisted structures, exhibit fluorescence bands at short wavelengths in highly polar solvents, and they emit dual fluorescence in acetone. Moreover, the 9-(N-carbazoyl) derivative displays aggregation-induced emission in highly aqueous acetone solutions. The results of density functional theory calculations demonstrate that a considerable spatial separation exists between the HOMO and LUMO coefficients of the N-arylamine substituted BFIs. The results indicate that the ground-to-excited state transitions of these compounds have intramolecular charge transfer character.

9.
Nihon Eiseigaku Zasshi ; 73(3): 395-412, 2018.
Artigo em Japonês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30270308

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The aim of this cross-sectional study of students was to analyze nutritional intake factors and their contribution to preventing noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in youth. METHODS: This study was based on the results of the Eating Behavior and Health Awareness survey conducted among university, college, and vocational school students throughout the main island of Japan (1,256 valid responders). RESULTS: The results of the logistic regression analysis are given below. Variables with significant positive regression coefficients, in the order from higher to lower odds ratios, were as follows: "household living arrangement", "skipping breakfast", and "cooking techniques" were the variables shown in men; "household living arrangement", "instant food intake", "skipping breakfast", "eating out", "stages of change in healthy eating", were the variables shown in women. In contrast, the variable "body mass index (BMI)" exhibited a significant negative regression coefficient in women. Students with low BMI showed a higher probability of exhibiting high nutritional intake. CONCLUSION: The variables "household living arrangement" and "skipping breakfast" may be associated with nutritional imbalance in both genders. Future prospective studies on diet and lifestyle factors are needed to clarify this issue further.


Assuntos
Comportamento Alimentar , Comportamentos Relacionados com a Saúde , Estilo de Vida , Prevenção Primária , Instituições Acadêmicas , Estudantes , Universidades , Educação Vocacional , Adolescente , Adulto , Índice de Massa Corporal , Estudos Transversais , Ingestão de Alimentos , Feminino , Humanos , Japão , Modelos Logísticos , Masculino , Fatores Sexuais , Adulto Jovem
10.
Int Heart J ; 59(5): 1155-1160, 2018 Sep 26.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30012925

RESUMO

IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a fibro-inflammatory disorder characterized by lymphoplasmacytic infiltration of numerous IgG4-positive plasma cells, leading to fibrous thickening in the affected tissue. Typical cardiovascular manifestations of IgG4-RD are periaortitis, coronary arteritis, and pericarditis. Rare cases of myocardial involvement in IgG4-RD have been reported, but surgical resection or open biopsy was required for the diagnosis in those cases. Here, we report a case in which percutaneous transcatheter biopsy under the guidance of intracardiac echocardiography was useful for diagnosis of IgG4-RD manifested as an intracavitary right atrial mass, extending into the superior vena cava. Successful transcatheter diagnosis of myocardial involvement of IgG4-RD led to immediate favorable response to steroid therapy. Including the present case, previous IgG4-RD cases with myocardial involvement are reviewed to delineate its clinical characteristics.


Assuntos
Doenças Autoimunes/patologia , Átrios do Coração/patologia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/patologia , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Veia Cava Superior/patologia , Idoso , Doenças Autoimunes/sangue , Doenças Autoimunes/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças Autoimunes/tratamento farmacológico , Biópsia , Técnicas de Imagem Cardíaca/métodos , Ecocardiografia/instrumentação , Feminino , Glucocorticoides/uso terapêutico , Átrios do Coração/diagnóstico por imagem , Átrios do Coração/cirurgia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/diagnóstico por imagem , Neoplasias Cardíacas/imunologia , Neoplasias Cardíacas/cirurgia , Humanos , Plasmócitos/imunologia , Plasmócitos/patologia , Prednisolona/administração & dosagem , Prednisolona/uso terapêutico , Resultado do Tratamento , Veia Cava Superior/diagnóstico por imagem , Veia Cava Superior/cirurgia
11.
Chem Asian J ; 13(7): 790-798, 2018 Apr 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29405632

RESUMO

A method involving the Diels-Alder (DA) cycloaddition of diacenaphtheno[1,2-b;1',2'-d]thiophenes (DATs) with N-alkylacenaphthylene-5,6-dicarboximides (AIs) was developed to synthesize decacyclene monoimides (DCMIs). The reactions generate the corresponding 1:2 adducts (BAIAs) as major products together with 1:1 adducts (the DCMIs). The molecular structure of BAIAb (N-octyl derivative) was unambiguously assigned as the bis-adduct having an endo,endo spatial disposition of the two acenaphthylene-5,6-dicarboximide moieties by using X-ray crystallographic analysis. Relative to the absorption spectrum of decacyclene triimide (DCTIa, N-2-ethylhexyl derivative), that of the analogous N-2-ethylhexyl-substituted monoadduct, DCMIa, is bathochromically shifted despite the fact that it possesses a less delocalized π-electron system. DCMIa does not fluoresce in various organic solvents, whereas DCTIa emits yellow fluorescence in CH2 Cl2 with a low quantum yield (ΦSN ). Moreover, DCMIa in CDCl3 displays concentration-dependent 1 H NMR spectroscopy behavior, which suggests that it self-aggregates with an association constant (Ka ) of (193±50) m-1 at 20 °C. Despite the presence of four bulky tert-butyl groups in DCMIa, its Ka value for aggregate formation is comparable to that of DCTIa [(495±42) m-1 ], which does not contain tert-butyl substituents. Spectroscopic studies with the bis-adduct BAIAa (N-2-ethylhexyl derivative) show that it displays remarkable solvatofluorochromism corresponding to an emission maximum shift (ΔλEM ) of 100 nm. The results of density functional theory calculations on BAIAc (N-methyl derivative) demonstrate that a considerable spatial separation exists between the HOMO and LUMO coefficient distributions, which indicates that the ground-to-excited state transition of the novel three-dimensional acceptor-donor-acceptor BAIAa system should have intramolecular charge-transfer character.

12.
Acute Med Surg ; 4(3): 334-337, 2017 07.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29123885

RESUMO

Case: Sibutramine is a weight loss agent that was withdrawn from the market in the USA and European Union because it increases adverse events in patients with cardiovascular diseases. However, non-prescription weight loss pills containing sibutramine can be still easily purchased over the Internet.A 21-year-old woman without history of cardiovascular diseases developed cardiac arrest. She was a user of a weight loss pills, containing sibutramine and hypokalemia-inducing agents, imported from Thailand over the Internet. Outcome: She was successfully resuscitated without any neurological deficits by using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for refractory ventricular fibrillation. Conclusion: This case indicates that sibutramine can cause cardiac arrest even in subjects without pre-existing cardiovascular disease when combined with agents that promote QT prolongation.

13.
Open Heart ; 4(1): e000573, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28123767

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Although risk factors of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the general population have been characterised, their impacts on patients with specific diseases are unclear. Our aim was to determine whether risk factors of AF are different in patients with and those without coronary artery disease (CAD). METHODS: We enrolled 1871 consecutive patients who underwent coronary angiography for evaluation of symptoms suggestive of CAD in the BOREAS-CAG Registry between August 2014 and January 2015. After exclusion of patients with valvular heart disease or a history of PCI/cardiac surgery, 1150 patients contributed to multivariate logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors of AF. We also retrieved data for 361 consecutive patients with CAD admitted to Sapporo Medical University Hospital between April 2013 and July 2014 and analysed data for 166 patients using the same inclusion and exclusion criteria as those in the BOREAS-CAG Registry. RESULTS: Unexpectedly, CAD was independently associated with the absence of AF. The patients were then divided into a non-CAD group (n=576) and a CAD group (n=574) for further analysis. The brain natriuretic peptide level showed a strong association with AF regardless of the presence or absence of CAD. In the non-CAD group, lack of statin use was independently associated with AF, whereas high serum uric acid level was an independent explanatory variable of AF in the CAD group. The association of AF with uric acid was confirmed in a separate group of patients (n=166) enrolled in the CAD cohort in Sapporo Medical University Hospital. CONCLUSIONS: Major risk factors of AF are different in patients with CAD and those without CAD. Patients with CAD are more likely to develop AF when the serum uric acid level is high, whereas no statin administration predicts development of AF in patients without CAD.

14.
Chempluschem ; 82(7): 1073-1077, 2017 Jul.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31961604

RESUMO

The title carbene (4) was generated as a highly reactive species in solution by photoirradiation of 10-diazobicyclo[6.3.0]undecapentaene (5) using a high-pressure mercury lamp. Carbene 4 reacts with benzene to afford two isomeric adducts, 10-phenylbicyclo[6.3.0]undecapentaene (10) and tricyclo[9.3.03, 10 .0]heptadeca-1,3(10),4,6,8,12,14,16-octaene (11). The reactivity toward benzene is a characteristic of an electrophilic aromatic carbene analogous to cyclopentadienylidene 1. In contrast, the reaction of 4 with methanol produces 7-methoxybicyclo[6.3.0]undeca-1,3,5,8,10-pentaene (15). When [D1 ]methanol was employed as a reactant, the 10-deuterated analogue was formed. The results clearly indicate the formation of bicyclo[6.3.0]undecapentaenyl cation (7) as a novel 10 π-electronic compound by protonation of 4. Theoretical calculations indicate that the 2- and 7-positions of the cation have the largest positive charge in the cation. Moreover, the carbene was generated in the presence of tert-butyl hydroperoxide in aqueous tetrahydrofuran to afford azulene through oxidation of 7, followed by decarbonylation. The nucleophilic property of carbene 3 is similar to that of cycloheptatrienylidene 2. Thus, 4 can be regarded as a novel ambiphilic aromatic carbene.

15.
Intern Med ; 55(8): 871-7, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27086798

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Chronic kidney disease is a risk factor of coronary events, however, its impact on coronary artery stenosis has not yet been clarified with the use of a large database. We examined the association between a reduced glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and the overall severity of coronary stenosis. METHODS: We enrolled 1,150 patients [mean age, 68±12 (SD) years; 66.6% men] who consecutively underwent coronary angiography for suspected stable angina pectoris. The overall severity of stenosis in the coronary arteries was assessed by the Gensini score (GS), and its logarithmic values (log-GS) were used for statistical analyses since the GS does not follow a normal distribution. RESULTS: The log-GS was significantly larger in men than in women (2.5±1.5 vs. 1.9±1.7), while the estimated GFR (eGFR) and comorbidities were comparable between both sexes. A multivariate regression analysis indicated that age, smoking, eGFR, HDL-cholesterol and HbA1c were independent explanatory variables of the log-GS in men, although the eGFR explained only 1.2% of the log-GS variation. In women, the eGFR was not included in the significant explanatory variables shown by the multivariate analysis. However, the sex difference in the regression for the eGFR-log-GS relationship was not statistically significant. CONCLUSION: A reduced eGFR is a significant, but minor, determinant of the overall severity of coronary artery stenosis in men and potentially women.


Assuntos
Estenose Coronária/fisiopatologia , Taxa de Filtração Glomerular , Fatores Etários , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Angina Estável/diagnóstico por imagem , HDL-Colesterol , Comorbidade , Angiografia Coronária , Estenose Coronária/diagnóstico por imagem , Estenose Coronária/epidemiologia , Vasos Coronários/diagnóstico por imagem , Feminino , Hemoglobina E/análogos & derivados , Humanos , Lipídeos/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Fatores de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Fatores Sexuais , Fumar/epidemiologia
16.
Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol ; 36(5): 825-34, 2016 05.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27013610

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: Fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) is expressed in adipocytes and macrophages, and elevated circulating FABP4 level is associated with obesity-mediated metabolic phenotype. We systematically investigated roles of FABP4 in the development of coronary artery atherosclerosis. APPROACH AND RESULTS: First, by immunohistochemical analyses, we found that FABP4 was expressed in macrophages within coronary atherosclerotic plaques and epicardial/perivascular fat in autopsy cases and macrophages within thrombi covering ruptured coronary plaques in thrombectomy samples from patients with acute myocardial infarction. Second, we confirmed that FABP4 was secreted from macrophages and adipocytes cultured in vitro. Third, we investigated the effect of exogenous FABP4 on macrophages and human coronary artery-derived smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells in vitro. Treatment of the cells with recombinant FABP4 significantly increased gene expression of inflammatory markers in a dose-dependent manner. Finally, we measured serum FABP4 level in the aortic root (Ao-FABP4) and coronary sinus (CS-FABP4) of 34 patients with suspected or known coronary artery disease. Coronary stenosis score assessed by the modified Gensini score was weakly correlated with CS-FABP4 but was not correlated with Ao-FABP4. A stronger correlation (r=0.59, P<0.01) was observed for the relationship between coronary stenosis score and coronary veno-arterial difference in FABP4 level, (CS-Ao)-FABP4, indicating local production of FABP4 during coronary circulation in the heart. Multivariate analysis indicated that (CS-Ao)-FABP4 was an independent predictor of the severity of coronary stenosis after adjustment of conventional risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: FABP4 locally produced by epicardial/perivascular fat and macrophages in vascular plaques contributes to the development of coronary atherosclerosis.


Assuntos
Adipócitos/metabolismo , Tecido Adiposo/metabolismo , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/metabolismo , Estenose Coronária/metabolismo , Vasos Coronários/metabolismo , Proteínas de Ligação a Ácido Graxo/metabolismo , Macrófagos/metabolismo , Placa Aterosclerótica , Células 3T3-L1 , Adipócitos/efeitos dos fármacos , Tecido Adiposo/efeitos dos fármacos , Animais , Linhagem Celular Tumoral , Movimento Celular , Proliferação de Células , Angiografia Coronária , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/diagnóstico por imagem , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/patologia , Estenose Coronária/diagnóstico por imagem , Estenose Coronária/patologia , Vasos Coronários/efeitos dos fármacos , Vasos Coronários/patologia , Proteínas de Ligação a Ácido Graxo/genética , Proteínas de Ligação a Ácido Graxo/farmacologia , Células Endoteliais da Veia Umbilical Humana/metabolismo , Humanos , Macrófagos/efeitos dos fármacos , Masculino , Camundongos , Análise Multivariada , Músculo Liso Vascular/metabolismo , Miócitos de Músculo Liso/metabolismo , Comunicação Parácrina , Células RAW 264.7 , Proteínas Recombinantes/farmacologia , Índice de Gravidade de Doença , Transdução de Sinais , Transfecção
17.
J Org Chem ; 81(2): 433-41, 2016 Jan 15.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26652502

RESUMO

Trifluoromethylphenyl-substituted phthalimide derivatives favorably form triboluminescence (TL) active noncentrosymmetric crystals. Oligothienyl-, oligophenyl-, and naphthyl-substituted phthalimide derivatives were successfully developed as a series of metal free TL compounds. X-ray crystal structure analyses of bithienyl and naphthyl derivatives revealed noncentrosymmetric layer structures in the same direction. Introduction of suitable electron rich π-units such as thienyl groups enhances their photoluminescence and TL characteristics, and the colors can be also controlled in the visible region. A rigid naphthyl-substituted imide derivative exhibits extremely high TL performance.

18.
Chem Rec ; 15(6): 1045-59, 2015 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25893967

RESUMO

Polycyclic conjugated systems bearing carbocyclic five-membered rings have attracted much attention due to their novel electronic properties and utility in organic electronic devices. Despite possessing a 4nπ electron periphery, dibenzopentalenes have a planar structure and are fairly stable. Thus, appropriate modifications should provide desirable electronic properties. Recently, we have discovered novel Ni-catalyzed coupling reactions that constitute a versatile new route to dibenzopentalene derivatives from readily available o-bromoethynylbenzenes. Moreover, we developed another dibenzopentalene synthesis using indenone derivatives as important intermediates. These methods are applicable to π-extended pentalene derivatives possessing various functional groups and aromatic ring systems. Among them, a dinaphthylpentalene derivative shows a high hole mobility (1.8 × 10(-3) cm(2) V(-1) s(-1) ) for an amorphous material. Furthermore, this is the first pentalene derivative that can be employed as a p-type material for organic heterojunction photovoltaic cells (PCE = 0.94%, V(OC) = 0.96 V) and as organic thin-film semiconductors.

19.
Heart Vessels ; 30(6): 789-97, 2015 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25059855

RESUMO

Whether different patterns of ventricular ballooning in takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TCM) reflect differences in trigger mechanisms or clinical outcomes is unclear. Here we examined differences in the clinical characteristics of typical and atypical forms of TCM. TCM patients (n = 251) in the BOREAS Registry were enrolled for comparison of TCM with apical ballooning (type A, n = 217) and TCM with non-apical ballooning (type non-A, n = 34). The percentage of females was significantly lower in the type non-A group (58.8 vs. 75.6 %), while other demographic parameters and triggers of TCM were similar in the two groups. Rate of mid-ventricular obstruction (MVO) was lower (2.9 vs. 14.3 %) in the type non-A group than in the type A group, though left ventricular ejection fractions in the two groups were comparable. During a follow-up period of 2.6 ± 2.8 years, TCM recurred in 2.9 % of the patients and cardiac death occurred in 4.0 %. Cox proportional hazard analysis indicated that body mass index (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.75, 95 % confidence interval [CI] 0.54-0.99) and MVO (HR: 14.71, CI 1.87-304.66) were determinants of TCM recurrence and that advanced age (HR: 1.09, CI 1.02-1.17) and cardiogenic shock (HR: 4.27, CI 1.07-18.93) were significantly associated with cardiac death. In conclusion, approximately 20 % of TCM patients show non-apical left ventricular ballooning, and female sex and MVO are less frequent in this type than in apical ballooning type TCM. Low body mass index and MVO are risk factors of recurrence, and advanced age and cardiogenic shock are risk factors of cardiac death in TCM.


Assuntos
Morte , Ventrículos do Coração/fisiopatologia , Choque Cardiogênico/mortalidade , Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo/fisiopatologia , Idoso , Idoso de 80 Anos ou mais , Índice de Massa Corporal , Comorbidade , Eletrocardiografia , Feminino , Humanos , Japão , Estimativa de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Análise Multivariada , Modelos de Riscos Proporcionais , Recidiva , Sistema de Registros , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Fatores Sexuais , Função Ventricular Esquerda
20.
J Am Chem Soc ; 135(46): 17610-6, 2013 Nov 20.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24131214

RESUMO

We have developed methods for installing aryl substituents directly on the phosphino groups of the 1,3-diphosphacyclobutane-2,4-diyl system. The aryl substituents tuned the electronic and structural characteristics of the biradical unit both in solution and in the solid state. 1-tert-butyl-2,4-bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3-diphosphacyclobuten-4-yl anion, prepared from phosphaalkyne (Mes*C≡P; Mes* = 2,4,6-tBu3C6H2) and t-butyllithium, was allowed to react with an electron-deficient N-heterocyclic reagent. The corresponding N-heteroaryl-substituted P-heterocyclic biradicals were produced via SNAr reactions. Biradicals bearing perfluorinated pyridyl substituents exhibited photoabsorption properties comparable to those of previously reported derivatives because the highest occupied and lowest unoccupied molecular orbit levels were reduced by a similar amount. In contrast, the triazine substituent reduced the band gap of the biradical unit, and the large red shift in the visible absorption and high oxidation potential were further tuned via subsequent SNAr and Negishi coupling reactions. The amino-substituted triazine structure provided a strongly electron-donating biradical chromophore, which produced unique p-type semiconducting behavior even though there was no obvious π-overlap in the crystalline state. The single-electron transfer reaction involving Mes*C≡P, phenyllithium, and iodine afforded 1,3-diphenyl-2,4-bis(2,4,6-tri-tert-butylphenyl)-1,3-diphosphacyclobutane-2,4-diyl via the intermediate P-heterocyclic monoradical. The tetraaryl-substituted symmetric biradical product was used to determine the electron density distribution from the X-ray diffraction data. The data show highly localized radicalic electrons around the skeletal carbon atoms, moderately polarized skeletal P-C bonds in the four-membered ring, and no covalent transannular interaction.


Assuntos
Compostos Heterocíclicos/química , Compostos Organofosforados/química , Ar , Elétrons , Radicais Livres/síntese química , Radicais Livres/química , Compostos Heterocíclicos/síntese química , Modelos Moleculares , Estrutura Molecular , Teoria Quântica
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