Assuntos
Anemia Aplástica/induzido quimicamente , Hansenostáticos/efeitos adversos , Hanseníase Virchowiana/tratamento farmacológico , Adulto , Anemia Aplástica/fisiopatologia , Anemia Aplástica/terapia , Brasil , Clofazimina/efeitos adversos , Clofazimina/uso terapêutico , Dapsona/efeitos adversos , Dapsona/uso terapêutico , Progressão da Doença , Quimioterapia Combinada , Evolução Fatal , Humanos , Hansenostáticos/uso terapêutico , Hanseníase Virchowiana/diagnóstico , Masculino , Rifampina/efeitos adversos , Rifampina/uso terapêutico , Medição de Risco , Índice de Gravidade de DoençaRESUMO
BACKGROUND: Presence of tattoos has been a criterion for temporary deferral of blood donors. Scientific evidence remains equivocal regarding the association between tattooing and transfusion-transmitted diseases (TTDs). METHODS: A cross-sectional matched study was undertaken among adults attending a Brazilian hospital and blood bank. The exposure of interest was having at least one permanent tattoo, and the outcomes were the presence of serological markers for the following TTDs: hepatitis B virus (HBV), hepatitis C virus (HCV) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, syphilis, and Chagas' disease. Exposed and unexposed subjects were matched on age, sex, and main clinical complaint. Associations were assessed by odds ratios (ORs), adjusted for confounders by unconditional logistic regression. FINDINGS: The study recruited 345 subjects, 182 with tattoos. Having a tattoo was associated with HCV (OR: 6.41; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.29, 31.84), and with having at least one positive test for any TTD (OR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.11, 3.81). No statistically significant associations were found between tattooing and HBV or HIV infection, syphilis or Chagas' disease, but these results are inconclusive given the large CI obtained. INTERPRETATION: Having a tattoo is not an important indicator for testing positive for a TTD, except for HCV infection. Taking into consideration the increasing prevalence of tattooing in the general population, the absolute need of a safe and sustainable blood supply and optimization of the cost-effectiveness of screening blood donors, further research on tattoos is urgently required.
Assuntos
Doadores de Sangue , Doença de Chagas/sangue , Tatuagem/efeitos adversos , Reação Transfusional , Viroses/sangue , Adolescente , Adulto , Animais , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/sangue , Anticorpos Antiprotozoários/imunologia , Anticorpos Antivirais/sangue , Anticorpos Antivirais/imunologia , Biomarcadores/sangue , Patógenos Transmitidos pelo Sangue , Brasil/epidemiologia , Doença de Chagas/epidemiologia , Doença de Chagas/transmissão , Estudos Transversais , Feminino , HIV/imunologia , HIV/isolamento & purificação , Hepacivirus/imunologia , Hepacivirus/isolamento & purificação , Vírus da Hepatite B/imunologia , Vírus da Hepatite B/isolamento & purificação , Hospitais de Ensino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Estudos Soroepidemiológicos , Treponema pallidum/imunologia , Treponema pallidum/isolamento & purificação , Trypanosoma cruzi/imunologia , Trypanosoma cruzi/isolamento & purificação , Viroses/epidemiologia , Viroses/transmissãoRESUMO
We report the case of a 52-year-old male heterosexual patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and reactivation of Chagas' disease manifested by meningoencephalitis and myocarditis, diagnosed post-mortem. Unexplained reactivation of Chagas' disease should be included among the diagnostic criteria of AIDS in human immunodeficiency virus positive patients. On the other hand, AIDS should be considered in the differential diagnosis of patients with unexplained reactivation of Chagas' disease.
