Prevalência da prática de exercícios físicos em idosos e sua relação com as dificuldades e a falta de aconselhamento profissional específico / Prevalence exercises physical practice in the elderly and its relationship with the difficulties and counseling lack of professional specific

O estudo teve como objetivo investigar a prevalência, aconselhamento e as dificuldades para a prática de exercício físico em idosos no Programa de Saúde da Família do município de Floriano-Piauí. Utilizou-se questionário estruturado com questões objetivas e subjetivas em relação a pratica de exercício físico. Participaram do estudo 383 sujeitos (73,2 ± 8,93 anos) sendo 258(67,4%) do sexo feminino e 125(32,5%) do sexo masculino. Os dados foram analisados através de análise descritiva e teste quiquadrado (p<0,05). Os resultados apontaram que 74,8% dos idosos não praticam nenhum tipo de exercício físico. No entanto, 90,4% (n = 348) consideram importante a prática de exercícios físicos, sendo a caminhada o exercício físico mais praticado. Dos 25,2% que praticam exercício, 48,5% receberam aconselhamento para prática através de médicos. Dentre as dificuldades encontradas, 31,9% dos idosos, a falta de interesse predomina entre os motivos mais relatados. Sendo assim, programas de atividade física em Unidades de Saúde da Família devem ser implementados como forma de garantia de acesso e incentivo para esse grupo etário...(AU)

The study aimed to investigate the prevalence, advice and the difficulties in physical exercise in the elderly in Health Program in the city of Floriano, Piauí Family. We used structured questionnaire with objective and subjective questions regarding the practice of physical exercise. The study included 383 subjects (73.2 ± 8.93 years) and 258 (67.4%) women and 125 (32.5%) were male. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis and chi-square test (p <0.05). The results showed that 74.8% of seniors do not practice any kind of physical exercise. However, 90.4% (n = 348) considered important to the practice of physical exercises, walking being the most practiced exercise. Of the 25.2% who exercise, 48.5% received advice to practice by doctors. Among the difficulties encountered, 31.9% of the elderly, lack of interest prevails among the most reported reasons. Thus, physical activity programs in Family Health Units should be implemented as a guarantee of access and incentive for this age group...(AU)

Dynamic hyperinflation during activities of daily living in COPD patients.

The objective of this study was to investigate whether some activities of daily living (ADLs) usually related to dyspnea sensation in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are associated with dynamic lung hyperinflation (DH) and whether the use of simple energy conservation techniques (ECTs) might reduce this possible hyperinflation. Eighteen patients (mean age: 65.8 ± 9.8 years) with moderate-to-severe COPD performed six ADLs (walking on a treadmill, storing pots, walking 56 meters carrying a 5-kilogram weight, climbing stairs, simulating taking a shower, and putting on shoes) and had their inspiratory capacity (IC) measured before and after each task. The patients were moderately obstructed with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1): 1.4 ± 0.4 L (50% ± 12.4); FEV1/forced vital capacity: 0.4 ± 8.1; residual volume/total lung capacity: 52.7 ± 10.2, and a reduction in IC was seen after all six activities (p < 0.05): (1) going upstairs, 170 mL; (2) walking 56 meters carrying 5 kilogram weight, 150 mL; (3) walking on a treadmill without and with ECT, respectively, 230 mL and 235 mL; (4) storing pots without and with ECT, respectively, 170 mL and 128 mL; (5) taking a shower without and with ECT, respectively, 172 mL and 118 mL; and (6) putting on shoes without and with ECT, respectively, 210 mL and 78 mL). Patients with moderate to severe COPD develop DH after performing common ADLs involving the upper and lower limbs. Simple ECTs may avoid DH in some of these ADLs.