RESUMO
Motion parallax, the ability to recover depth from retinal motion generated by observer translation, is important for visual depth perception. Recent work indicates that the perception of depth from motion parallax relies on the slow eye movement system. It is well known that ethanol intoxication reduces the gain of this system, and this produces the horizontal gaze nystagmus that law enforcement's field sobriety test is intended to reveal. The current study demonstrates that because of its influence on the slow eye movement system, ethanol intoxication impairs the perception of depth from motion parallax. Thresholds in a motion parallax task were significantly increased by acute ethanol intoxication, whereas thresholds for an identical test relying on binocular disparity were unaffected. Perhaps a failure of motion parallax plays a role in alcohol-related driving accidents; because of the effects of alcohol on eye movements, intoxicated drivers may have inaccurate or inadequate information for judging the relative depth of obstacles from motion parallax.
Assuntos
Intoxicação Alcoólica/fisiopatologia , Percepção de Profundidade/efeitos dos fármacos , Etanol/farmacologia , Movimentos Oculares/efeitos dos fármacos , Percepção de Movimento/efeitos dos fármacos , Adulto , Percepção de Profundidade/fisiologia , Movimentos Oculares/fisiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Percepção de Movimento/fisiologia , Nistagmo Fisiológico/fisiologia , Análise e Desempenho de Tarefas , Fatores de Tempo , Disparidade Visual/efeitos dos fármacos , Disparidade Visual/fisiologiaRESUMO
A recent approach to personality measurement argues that the essential personality traits are encompassed by 5 basic factors: openness/intellect, conscientiousness, neuroticism, agreeableness, and extraversion. This study used the Big Five Inventory to test the hypothesis that 1 or more of the 5 factors underlie hypnotic suggestibility. No meaningful relationships between hypnotic suggestibility and any of the 5 factors were found.
