Changes in frequency of delayed graft function in deceased donor renal transplant recipient in a tertiary care center in Mexico.

BACKGROUND: Delayed graft function (DGF) is defined as the need for dialysis within the first seven days of transplantation. The frequency of DGF has decreased in the last five years compared with the previous 20 years of the kidney transplant program at a Mexican referral hospital. OBJECTIVE: To determine the incidence and risk factors for DGF in the past five years (2009-2013). METHODS: We analyzed a retrospective cohort of renal transplant recipients from deceased donors at our hospital between March 2009 and May 2013 (Period 2), and compared the results with a previously evaluated cohort (Period 1, between January 1990 and February 2009). RESULTS: During the analyzed period, 78 deceased donor transplants were performed. The frequency of DGF was 9%. Multivariate analysis showed that recipient older age (OR: 1.074419; 95% CI: 1.0009-1.155116; p = 0.05), transoperative amines administration (OR: 7.73; 95% CI: 1.037-57.6; p = 0.046), and hypotension during surgery in the recipient (OR: 11.6; 95% CI: 1.33-100.8; p = 0.026) were risk factors for DGF. CONCLUSION: The incidence of DGF has significantly decreased in the past five years when compared to the previous 20 years in our hospital.

Aplicación de lidocaína simple al 2% en tejido celular subcutáneo de heridas quirúrgicas limpias-contaminadas y contaminadas para disminuir la incidencia de infección / Application of 2% lidocaine on subcutaneous cell tissue of clean-contaminated and contaminated surgical wounds to diminish the incidence of infection

Objetivo: Demostrar que la aplicación de lidocaína simple al 2% en el tejido celular subcutáneo de heridas quirúrgicas limpias-contaminadas y contaminadas disminuye el riesgo de infección. Sede: Hospital General ''Xoco'', segundo nivel de atención. Diseño: Ensayo clínico aleatorizado simple no controlado. Análisis estadístico: Prueba exacta de Fisher y t de Student. Pacientes y métodos: Se realizó asignación aleatoria simple para aplicar, a un grupo de 11 pacientes, lidocaína simple al 2% (10 ml) en el tejido celular subcutáneo de la herida y en otro grupo de 11 pacientes la aplicación de solución salina al 0.9%, los 22 pacientes con heridas quirúrgicas limpias-contaminadas y contaminadas. Se revisaron las heridas quirúrgicas a los 7 días del postoperatorio, las variables fueron edad, género, presencia o no de infección de sitio operatorio superficial. Resultados: Se observó ausencia de infección en los 11 pacientes en los que se aplicó lidocaína simple al 2%, en comparación de los 3 pacientes, del grupo al que se le aplicó solución fisiológica al 0.9%, que presentaron infección de la herida quirúrgica, observando una diferencia estadísticamente significativa de P < 0.05 entre estos grupos de pacientes. Conclusión: Se observó una disminución estadísticamente significativa en la frecuencia de la infección de las heridas quirúrgicas limpias-contaminadas y contaminadas al aplicarles lidocaína simple al 2% con respecto a no aplicarla.

Objective: To demonstrate that the application of 2% lidocaine on the subcutaneous tissue of surgical clean-contaminated and contaminated wounds diminishes the infection risk. Setting: Hospital General ''Xoco'', second level health care hospital. Design: Non-controlled, simple, randomized clinical assay. Statistical analysis: Fisher's exact test, and Student's t test. Patients and methods: A simple randomized assignation was used for two groups of patients. One group of 11 patients was applied 10 ml of 2% lidocaine on the subcutaneous tissue of the wound, and the other group of 11 patients received 0.9% saline solution; all 22 patients had clean-contaminated and contaminated surgical wounds. Surgical wounds were checked 7 days after surgery, and the studied variables were age, gender, presence or not of infection on the superficial surgical site. Results: No infection was observed in the 11 patients in whom 2% lidocain had been applied, whereas 3 patients from the 0.9% saline solution group presented infection of the surgical wound, with a statistically significant difference of P < 0.05 between both groups. Conclusion: A statistically significant diminution was observed in the frequency of infection at the surgical clean-contaminated and contaminated wounds when applying 2% lidocaine, as compared to not applying it.