RESUMO
BACKGROUND: Workers are exposed to potential irritants and allergens with constant introduction of new industrial chemicals in the workplace. OBJECTIVE: Characterize the final diagnoses, demographics, occupations, exposures, clinical presentations, patch test results, dermatologic histories, and risk factors of workers evaluated for suspected work-related allergic contact dermatitis (ACD). METHODS: A retrospective chart review of 310 workers' compensation independent medical examinations evaluated for suspected work-related ACD was performed. Workers were seen in a community dermatology clinic in Portland, Oregon, from 2005 to 2014. Evaluation included history, physical examination, patch testing, and further diagnostic workup when indicated. RESULTS: Hand dermatitis was the most common presentation (n = 148, 47.7%). Prevalent occupations included health care workers (n = 51, 16.5%), custodial staff (n = 41, 13.2%), and machinists (n = 36, 11.6%). Allergic contact dermatitis (47.5%) was more common than irritant contact dermatitis (ICD) (38.9%) in those diagnosed as having occupational skin disease (n = 185). The highest-frequency work-related allergens were thiuram mix (21 of 88, 23.9%), carba mix (20 of 88, 22.7%), potassium dichromate (9 of 88, 10.2%), and epoxy resin (9 of 88, 10.2%). CONCLUSIONS: Allergic contact dermatitis and ICD are common occupational skin disorders. In this population of workers' compensation referrals, ACD was more common, with 73.3% of those cases work related, compared with 86.7% of ICD. Blue collar work and wet work were risk factors for the development of ACD and ICD.
Assuntos
Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/epidemiologia , Dermatite Irritante/epidemiologia , Dermatite Ocupacional/epidemiologia , Dermatoses da Mão/epidemiologia , Agricultura , Automóveis , Indústria da Construção , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/diagnóstico , Dermatite Alérgica de Contato/etiologia , Dermatite Irritante/diagnóstico , Dermatite Irritante/etiologia , Dermatite Ocupacional/diagnóstico , Dermatite Ocupacional/etiologia , Ditiocarb/toxicidade , Resinas Epóxi/toxicidade , Dermatoses Faciais/diagnóstico , Dermatoses Faciais/epidemiologia , Dermatoses Faciais/etiologia , Feminino , Serviços de Alimentação , Guanidinas/toxicidade , Dermatoses da Mão/induzido quimicamente , Dermatoses da Mão/diagnóstico , Setor de Assistência à Saúde , Zeladoria , Humanos , Incidência , Masculino , Indústria Manufatureira , Oregon/epidemiologia , Testes do Emplastro , Dicromato de Potássio/toxicidade , Estudos Retrospectivos , Tiram/toxicidade , Indenização aos TrabalhadoresRESUMO
Topically applied cosmetics and medicaments containing botanical extracts are commonly used. Despite popular beliefs of their benignancy, some botanicals have been implicated in causing allergic contact dermatitis in susceptible patients. The offending allergen may be the botanical extract itself or another ingredient such as a fragrance, preservative, dye, or sunscreen found in the product. Specific botanicals implicated in causing cosmetic contact dermatitis include Compositae family plants, tea tree oil, peppermint, lavender, lichens, henna, and others.
