RADAI-5 to monitor rheumatoid arthritis.

Providing the physician with sufficient information about the disease course can be regarded as the most important requirement for any disease assessment tool besides easy applicability and time-sparing documentation. Applying the RADAI-5 in daily routine provides the patient's view at any time completing the questionnaire. In a first study, the RADAI-5 resulted to be highly significantly correlated to the RADAI, and all composite indexes. Changes of the RADAI-5, the DAS28-ESR, and the CDAI were significantly correlated, indicating the instrument's sensitivity to change. A second study including 392 RA patients led to the establishment of thresholds for disease activity categories according to the RADAI-5, as follows: 0.0 up to 1.4 for a remission-like state, 1.6 up to 3.0 for mild disease activity, 3.2 up to 5.4 for moderate and from 5.6 up to 10.0 for high disease activity. In a third study, remission according to the RADAI-5 appeared to be highly specific for the ACR/EULAR criteria for remission The RADAI-5 questionnaire constitutes an easily applicable tool for routine RA monitoring, providing physicians with reliable information about the disease course and sensitivity enough to sound the alarm should complications occur.

SDAI/CDAI levels in rheumatoid arthritis patients are highly dependent on patient's pain perception and gender.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether the Simplified Disease Activity Index (SDAI) and the Clinical Disease Activity Index (CDAI) are equally applicable for the total population with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS: Five hundred and fifty-seven outpatients with RA [432 females, 125 males; median age 64 years (range 18-85); median disease duration 48 months (range 2-548)] were enrolled consecutively in this cross-sectional study. SDAI, CDAI, patient's assessment of pain on the visual analogue scale (VAS) 0-100, rheumatoid factor (RF), and disease duration were recorded. Linear regression analysis was performed for each confounding factor. RESULTS: The median SDAI for all 557 patients was 11.6 (range 0.07-46.60) and the median CDAI was 10.7 (0.00-42.10). The median SDAI was 12.2 (0.07-46.60) in females and 8.0 (0.10-35.20) in males. The respective medians for the CDAI were 11.3 (0.00-42.10) and 7.1 (0.00-32.00). These differences were highly statistically significant (p<0.001). Patient's assessment of pain on the VAS 0-100 scale had a median value of 32 mm. Regression analysis revealed a highly significant relationship between SDAI/CDAI levels and patient's pain rating (SDAI: r = 0.660, p<0.001; CDAI: r = 0.671, p<0.001). On multiple regression analysis, pain exerted a highly significant influence on SDAI and CDAI levels (p<0.001), whereas age, disease duration, and RF were not correlated with either level. CONCLUSION: SDAI and CDAI values are highly dependent on the patient's pain perception and gender. The effects of patient's age, disease duration, and RF were inconclusive with respect to the values of the respective disease activity indexes.

The DAS28 in rheumatoid arthritis and fibromyalgia patients.

OBJECTIVE: To compare the DAS28 (Disease Activity Score including a 28-joint count) values of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and fibromyalgia (FM) patients, and to establish whether high pain levels and impaired mood influence DAS28 values. METHODS: DAS28 values were calculated in 62 consecutive patients with RA and in 26 patients suffering from FM. Values for DAS28 scores as well as for the single items of the patient cohorts were compared using Student's t-tests. To evaluate the item weighting and internal consistency of the total score factor analysis was performed and Cronbach's alpha calculated. RESULTS: RA patients showed a mean DAS28 score of 4.23 (+/-1.2; range 0.77-7.46) and in FM patients the mean DAS28 came to 4.04 (+/-1.13; range 1.19-6.28). DAS28 values of RA and FM patients were not significantly different statistically. Comparing the single components of the score, however, highly significant differences (P<0.0005) occurred between RA and FM patients. Cronbach's alpha for the DAS28 in RA patients amounted to 0.7329, indicating high internal consistency, whereas in FM patients it was 0.4832. CONCLUSION: The DAS28, as expected, proved to be inappropriate to express disease activity in FM patients. DAS28 values for expressing disease activity in RA patients may be flawed by coexisting FM and should therefore be regarded with caution as high pain levels more than impaired mood may lead to higher total scores.