Endocarditis infecciosas izquierdas, cambios con el nuevo milenio / Left endocarditis, changes in the new millennium

Introducción: Descripción de las características de las endocarditis infecciosas izquierdas con el cambio del milenio. Método: Estudio multicéntrico prospectivo de endocarditis izquierdas recogidas en la cohorte andaluza para el estudio de las infecciones cardiovasculares entre 1984-2014. Resultados: De 1.604 endocarditis recogidas 382 pertenecen al grupo 1 (período 1983-1999) y 1.222 al grupo 2 (2000-2014). Los pacientes del grupo 2 presentan mayor edad media, comorbilidad y enfermedades concomitantes, más nosocomialidad, endocarditis asociadas a la atención sanitaria y endocarditis complicadas. Se aprecia un aumento de los Staphylococcus aureus meticilín-resistentes, Enterococcus sp., bacilos gramnegativos y Streptococcus bovis. En el tratamiento aumenta el uso de cefalosporinas y desciende el de penicilina; hay más cirugía al ingreso y menos diferida. La mortalidad se sitúa alrededor del 30% en ambos milenios. En el análisis multivariante la mortalidad se asoció con: milenio anterior (grupo 1), edad, índice de Charlson, fracaso renal y shock séptico y, etiológicamente, Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusiones: La mortalidad se mantiene estable, pese a mejoras diagnósticas y terapéuticas, debido a que los pacientes son mayores, con mayor comorbilidad, endocarditis relacionadas con la atención sanitaria/nosocomialidad y gérmenes más agresivos

Introduction: a description of infective left endocarditis at the turn of the millennium. Method: A multicentre prospective study into the left endocarditis using data collected from the Andalusian cohort for the study of cardiovascular infections during 1984-2014. Results: Of the 1,604 endocarditis cases collected, 382 belonged to G1 (group-1, period 1983-1999) and 1,222 to G2 (group-2, 2000-2014). Patients in the new millennium have a significantly higher mean age, have more comorbidity and concomitant diseases, and nosocomial and health-related endocarditis are more frequent, as well as complications. An increase in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus sp., Gram-negative bacilli and Streptococcus bovis was noted. Regarding treatment, there is an increase in the use of cephalosporins and a decrease in penicillins; there is more surgery when admitted to hospital and less delay. Mortality stands at around 30% in both millennia. In the multivariate analysis, mortality was associated with: previous millennium (G1), age, Charlson index, renal failure and septic shock, and aetiologically with Staphylococcus aureus. Conclusions: Mortality remains stable, despite diagnostic and therapeutic improvements, because patients are older, have greater comorbidity, a closer relationship with the health care system (nosocomial) and microorganisms are more aggressive

Left endocarditis, changes in the new millennium. / Endocarditis infecciosas izquierdas, cambios con el nuevo milenio.

INTRODUCTION: a description of infective left endocarditis at the turn of the millennium. METHOD: A multicentre prospective study into the left endocarditis using data collected from the Andalusian cohort for the study of cardiovascular infections during 1984-2014. RESULTS: Of the 1,604 endocarditis cases collected, 382 belonged to G1 (group-1, period 1983-1999) and 1,222 to G2 (group-2, 2000-2014). Patients in the new millennium have a significantly higher mean age, have more comorbidity and concomitant diseases, and nosocomial and health-related endocarditis are more frequent, as well as complications. An increase in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Enterococcus sp., Gram-negative bacilli and Streptococcus bovis was noted. Regarding treatment, there is an increase in the use of cephalosporins and a decrease in penicillins; there is more surgery when admitted to hospital and less delay. Mortality stands at around 30% in both millennia. In the multivariate analysis, mortality was associated with: previous millennium (G1), age, Charlson index, renal failure and septic shock, and aetiologically with Staphylococcus aureus. CONCLUSIONS: Mortality remains stable, despite diagnostic and therapeutic improvements, because patients are older, have greater comorbidity, a closer relationship with the health care system (nosocomial) and microorganisms are more aggressive.