Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) in the Context of the COVID-19 Pandemic Among Indigenous Peoples of Brazil: Epidemiology and Risk Factors Associated with Death.

INTRODUCTION: Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) represents a serious public health problem for the indigenous peoples of Brazil, since acute respiratory infections are the main causes of morbidity and mortality in this population. OBJECTIVE: To assess cases of SARS in Brazilian indigenous peoples in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as sociodemographic and health factors associated with deaths from SARS in this population. METHODS: Ecological study carried out based on secondary data from the Brazilian Database for Epidemiological Surveillance of Influenza referring to the Brazilian indigenous population with SARS in 2020. The variables included sociodemographic factors and health conditions. Statistical analyses were carried out considering absolute (n) and relative (%) frequencies and logistic regression with odds ratios (OR), with death as the outcome of interest. RESULTS: A total of 3062 cases were reported in the analyzed period. Of these, there was a predominance of men (54.6%), adults (41.4%), with comorbidities (52.3%), with low levels of schooling (67.4%) and residents of rural areas (55.8%). Cases and deaths were concentrated in the states of Amazonas and Mato Grosso do Sul, states in the North and Midwest of Brazil. A greater chance of death was observed in elderly indigenous people (OR = 6.29; 95%CI 4.71-8.39), with low levels of schooling (OR = 1.72; 95%CI 1.22-2.28), residents of rural areas (OR = 1.35; 95%CI 1.12-1.62), and with comorbidities (OR = 1.87; 95%CI 1.42-2.46), especially obesity (OR = 2.56; 95%CI 1.07-6.11). CONCLUSION: The study was able to trace the clinical-epidemiological profile, as well as identify the groups of indigenous people most vulnerable to SARS as a result of COVID-19 and evolution to death in Brazil. The findings show the high impact on the morbidity and mortality of the Brazilian indigenous population exposed to SARS and are relevant for epidemiological health surveillance, since they can guide preventive public policy actions and quality of life measures for this ethnic group in Brazil.

Promovendo Saúde e Construindo Saberes: Abordagem de Doenças Cardiovasculares com Estudantes do Ensino Fundamental / Promoting Health and Creating Knowledge: an Approach of Cardiovascular Diseases Along with Elementary School Students

As doenças cardiovasculares são as principais causas de morte no mundo, tornando necessária a divulgação de informações acerca de medidas preventivas. Para tal propósito, é preciso alcançar um público que seja adepto a diferentes perspectivas, que possam modificar costumes e também passar conhecimentos adquiridos para familiares e outras pessoas de seus vínculos sociais: eis que estudantes do Ensino Fundamental de uma escola municipal do interior do Rio Grande do Sul tornam-se as pessoas certas para essa finalidade. Dessa maneira, pôde-se apresentar algumas das principais doenças cardiovasculares que acometem a sociedade brasileira na contemporaneidade, através de uma oficina de saúde, realizada por acadêmicos do curso de Medicina da Universidade Federal da Fronteira Sul, campus Passo Fundo/RS.