Effects of temperature on biological activity of permafrost microorganisms.

The number and viability of microorganism specimens Bacillus spp. isolated from permafrost soil remained unchanged after incubation at temperatures of -16-37°C. Experiments on F1 CBA/Black-6 mice showed that incubation of bacteria at -5°C for 72 h promotes a decrease in their toxicity and an increase in their immunostimulating effect.

Effects of permafrost microorganisms on skin wound reparation.

Local application of ointment with Bacillus spp. strain MG8 (15,000-20,000 living bacterial cells), isolated from permafrost specimens, on the skin wound of about 60 mm(2) stimulated the reparation processes in experimental mice. A possible mechanism stimulating the regeneration of the damaged tissues under the effect of MG8 could be modulation of the immune system reactivity with more rapid switchover to humoral immunity anti-inflammatory mechanisms aimed at de novo synthesis of protein.

Effects of low-doses of Bacillus spp. from permafrost on differentiation of bone marrow cells.

The effects of a new microorganism species (Bacillus spp., strain M3) isolated from permafrost specimens from Central Yakutia (Mamontova Mountain) on the bone marrow hemopoiesis were studied on laboratory mice. Analysis of the count and immunophenotype of bone marrow cells indicated that even in low doses (1000-5000 microbial cells) these microorganisms modulated hemopoiesis and lymphopoiesis activity. The percentage of early hemopoietic precursors (CD117(+)CD34(-)) increased, intensity of lymphocyte precursor proliferation and differentiation (CD25(+)CD44(-)) decreased, and the percentage of lymphocytes released from the bone marrow (CD25(+)CD44(+)) increased on day 21 after injection of the bacteria. These changes in activity of hemopoiesis were associated with changes in the level of regulatory T lymphocytes (reduced expression of TCRαß) and were most likely compensatory. The possibility of modulating hemopoiesis activity in the bone marrow by low doses of one microorganism strain isolated from the permafrost could be useful for evaluating the effects of other low dose bacteria on the bone marrow hemopoiesis.

Effects of short-term local warm and cold applications to the chest on immunophysiological parameters of the organism.

Applications of cold and warm activated cellular immunity and orientation and exploratory behavior in mice. Application of cold increased the number of turns to the left in the open field, muscle force, and activity of the food instinct, and caused an increase in the total count of peripheral blood leukocytes. Warm applications reduced the food instinct activity and stimulated the humoral immunity.

Experimental study of the effects of permafrost microorganisms on the morphofunctional activity of the immune system.

The immunobiological potential of a new microorganism species isolated from permafrost specimens (PMO strain 3M) collected from the Mammoth Mountain in Yakutia was studied in laboratory mice. PMO injected intraperitoneally in doses of 2500 to 50 × 10(6) microbial bodies caused characteristic dose-dependent effects on the structure and functions of the immune system (thymus and spleen indexes, functional activity of splenic macrophages, cellular and humoral immunity). Doses of PMO stimulating functional activities of both cellular and humoral immunity were detected.

[Mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction development in vessels upon peroxidizes LDL influence].

The mechanisms of mitochondrial dysfunction development in vessels upon peroxodized LDL (pLDL) influence are discussed. Is is shown that the components of pLDL induce the formation of covalent complexes with cell proteins and destabilize cellular membrane microdomain structure that leads to membrane proteins dysfunction, Ca2+ liberation into cytosol from its stores, endoplasmic reticulum stress, increase in reactive oxygen species production by NADPH-oxidases. These effects cause disturbances in mitochondria of target cells, increases in reactive oxygen species production, mitochondrial pathway of cell death. The processes under discussion contribute to the atherosclerotic leisure development.

[Influence of permafrost microorganisms on the quality and duration of life of laboratory animals].

Microorganisms of genus Bacillus strain 3M (permafrost microorganisms--PM), allocated from the samples of permafrost soils from Mamontova Mountain (Yakutia) are influenced by the quality and duration of life of elderly mice. PMs were injected intraperitoneally to CBA mice at the age of 17 months. Motion activity, muscular force (lifting of cargo test), food instinct activity (dosed starvation test) and cellular immunity activity (reaction of delayed-type hypersensitivity in vivo) of animals have increased, and psychoemotional condition of animals has improved under influence of PM. Average duration of life has increased by 9.19%, minimal duration of life--by 41.93%, maximal duration of life--by 7.68%. Duration of survival (the remaining life after injection of microorganisms) has increased more significantly: minimal--by 141.9%, on the average--by 28.0%, maximal--by 20.4%. Mechanisms of PM influence on increase of laboratory mice duration of life up to the top specific limit through the positive influence on quality of their life are discussed.

[A response to the correction of congenital heart diseases in infants of the first year of life under extracorporeal circulation].

Examination of 36 infants of the first year of life, who had been operated on under extracorporeal circulation, revealed the activation of the monocytic cellular pool. This reaction was accompanied by an increase in the content of activated HLA-DR-positive cells. Limitation of the monocytic test via apoptotic mechanisms was inadequate. The control children undergoing cardiac surgery without extracorporeal circulation showed the same trend in the number of monocytic cells, which counts in favor of the fact that surgical injury is just a trigger of their activation. Extracorporeal circulation prolongs these changes to 3-4 postoperative days.