[Railway use of asbestos-containing rubble: environmental hygienic aspects]. / Ekologo-gigienicheskie aspekty primeneniia asbestsoderzhashchego ballasta na zheleznykh dorogakh.

The paper presents the results of a study of the gravimetric and counting concentrations of respirable asbestos fibers while working with sand-and-crushed stone mixtures, obtained from the concentration of chrysotile asbestos, at distances of 25, 50, and 100 m from the working place, as well as in a car saloon when the electric train passes along the area of these operations following an hour, a day, and a year after the completion of work, in warm and colds seasons of a year. It is concluded that the use of asbestos-containing sand-and-crushed stone mixtures on the railway leads to a higher anthropogenic asbestos load on the population living in the railway right-of-way, on railway workers and passengers. In this connection, it is necessary to evaluate risk factors of asbestos-induced diseases among the above contingents. The authors consider that due to the fact that asbestos-containing sand-and-crushed stone mixtures are well wetted with water, followed by the formation of a firm surface crust that prevents dust formation, as well as the short duration and rare frequency of operations relating their change, it is necessary to irrigate the repair areas with water or surfactant liquids after work termination.

[Hygienic regulation of welding aerosols in air of workplace and pneumoconiosis in welders (review of literature)]. / Gigienicheskaia reglamentatsiia soderzhaniia svarochnykh aérozolei v vozdukhe rabochei zone i pnevmokonioz élektrosvarshchikov (obzor literatury).

The authors represent review of literature on fibrogenic effects of welding aerosols and results of own clinical and epidemiologic studies concerning pneumoconiosis course in electric welders compared to other occupational groups. In conclusion, the authors necessitate more strict control over total concentration of welding aerosol solid component (WASC) in air of workplace and determination of MAC for WASC.

[Relationship between occupational respiratory pathology and cumulative exposure to dust]. / Sviaz' professional'noi patologii organov dykhaniia s kumuliativnoi pylevoi ékspozitsiei.

The authors concluded that "multiplicity of excess in MAC for predominantly fibrogenic dusts" value remains quite informative criterion in classification of work conditions and in forecasting the development of occupational respiratory diseases. Suggested in the new "Hygienic criteria for evaluation and classification of work conditions according to jeopardy and harm of occupational hazards, hardiness and stress of work" Manual, method determining harm degree of work conditions according to multiplicity of excess in reference dust loads is arduous but not so informative, and recommended values for reference dust loads are boosted and need correction.

[Main ways of improving occupational health in manufacturing of aluminum powder products]. / Osnovnye puti ozdorovleniia uslovii truda v proizvodstve aliuminievoi poroshkovoi produktsii.

Aluminium metal high-disperse dust presents a major health-affecting factor in aluminium powder metallurgy. Therefore, labour conditions improvement in the industry should be aimed at aluminium metal dust discharge and manual labour decrease along with occupational microclimate optimization. The article gives a detailed description of major labour conditions improvement measures, which include modernization of the technological processes and equipment with due account of the occupational hygiene priorities.