The endoscopic model for gastric carcinogenesis and Helicobacter pylori infection: A potential visual mind-map during gastroscopy examination.

Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is the main trigger of chronic gastric atrophy and the main leading cause of gastric cancer. Hp infects the normal gastric mucosa and can lead to chronic inflammation, glandular atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and finally adenocarcinoma. Chronic inflammation and gastric atrophy associated with Hp infection appear initially in the distal part of the stomach (the antrum) before progressing to the proximal part (the corpus-fundus). In recent years, endoscopic developments have allowed for the characterization of various gastric conditions including the normal mucosa (pyloric/fundic gland pattern and regular arrangement of collecting venules), Hp-related gastritis (Kyoto classification), glandular atrophy (Kimura-Takemoto classification), intestinal metaplasia (Endoscopic Grading of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia), and dysplasia/adenocarcinoma (Vessel plus Surface classification). Despite being independent classifications, all these scales can be integrated into a single model: the endoscopic model for gastric carcinogenesis. This model would assist endoscopists in comprehending the process of gastric carcinogenesis and conducting a systematic examination during gastroscopy. Having this model in mind would enable endoscopists to promptly recognize the implications of Hp infection and the potential patient's risk of developing gastric cancer.

The bright side of sports: a systematic review on well-being, positive emotions and performance.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study is to conduct a systematic review regarding the relationship between positive psychological factors, such as psychological well-being and pleasant emotions, and sports performance. METHOD: This study, carried out through a systematic review using PRISMA guidelines considering the Web of Science, PsycINFO, PubMed and SPORT Discus databases, seeks to highlight the relationship between other more 'positive' factors, such as well-being, positive emotions and sports performance. SETTINGS: The keywords will be decided by a Delphi Method in two rounds with sport psychology experts. PARTICIPANTS: There are no participants in the present research. ASSESSMENT: The main exclusion criteria were: Non-sport thema, sample younger or older than 20-65 years old, qualitative or other methodology studies, COVID-related, journals not exclusively about Psychology. MAIN OUTCOMES MEASURES: We obtained a first sample of 238 papers, and finally, this sample was reduced to the final sample of 11 papers. RESULTS: The results obtained are intended to be a representation of the 'bright side' of sports practice, and as a complement or mediator of the negative variables that have an impact on athletes' and coaches' performance. CONCLUSIONS: Clear recognition that acting on intrinsic motivation continues to be the best and most effective way to motivate oneself to obtain the highest levels of performance, a good perception of competence and a source of personal satisfaction.

Assessing the quality of chest compressions with a DIY low-cost manikin (LoCoMan) versus a standard manikin: a quasi-experimental study in primary education.

Extending the access to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training to a wider public is an important step in increasing survivability of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. However, often price and maintenance of CPR manikins are barriers that prevent training at schools. This study aims to evaluate the learning of hands-only (HO) CPR by practicing with a low-cost manikin (LoCoMan) with visual qualitative feedback and to compare the results with the skills acquired by practice on a conventional manikin. A quasi-experimental study with 193 schoolchildren (10 to 12 years old) who were allocated to two groups: the LoCoMan group was taught via an integrative approach (science combined with physical education (PE)) and practiced on a handmade manikin, and a control group practiced in a traditional setting with a commercial manikin (Resusci Junior, Laerdal, Norway). All participants practiced for 1 hands-on skill session before performing a post-test on an instrumented CPR manikin. The outcomes including HO-CPR performance variables were compared between groups. The LoCoMan and control groups both achieved acceptable percentage of HO-CPR quality (57% and 71%, p = 0.004). Among 6th-graders, there were no significant differences in HO-CPR quality between LoCoMan 68% and control 71%, p = 0.66. The control group achieved better chest compression depth while the LoCoMan group showed more compressions with adequate chest recoil.     Conclusion: Schoolchildren are able to build and use a low-cost manikin with visual feedback. The integrative learning approach used in this study may be a feasible alternative methodology for training and learning HO-CPR in schools when commercial manikins are not available. What is Known: • Access to CPR training should be universal and independent of age, location, financial means, or access to qualified instructors. • Scientific societies promote the implementation of CPR in schools, so that teachers and schoolchildren can play a multiplier role in their environment, but the gap in CPR learning is related to cultural, economic factors or access to resources and materials. What is New: • LoCoMan may be a useful device for teaching and learning CPR in schoolchildren from the age of 10 and upwards. • LOCOMAN shows that it is feasible and possible to build a low-cost manikin (about €5 in the European Region) and to integrate it into an integrative educational project, and outlines how this could be done. this approach can be an incentive for teachers to attempt teaching CPR, but also for education outside the formal environment.

A Bayesian nonparametric model for bounded directional data on the positive orthant of the unit sphere.

Directional data appears in several branches of research. In some cases, those directional variables are only defined in subsets of the K-dimensional unit sphere. For example, in some applications, angles as measured responses are limited on the positive orthant. Analysis on subsets of the K-dimensional unit sphere is challenging and nowadays there are not many proposals that discuss this topic. Thus, from a methodological point of view, it is important to have probability distributions defined on bounded subsets of the K-dimensional unit sphere. Specifically, in this paper, we introduce a nonparametric Bayesian model to describe directional variables restricted to the first orthant. This model is based on a Dirichlet process mixture model with multivariate projected Gamma densities as kernel distributions. We show how to carry out inference for the proposed model based on a slice sampling scheme. The proposed methodology is illustrated using simulated data sets as well as a real data set.

Is the Over-the-Head Technique an Alternative for Infant CPR Performed by a Single Rescuer? A Randomized Simulation Study with Lifeguards.

(1) Objective: The objective was to evaluate the quality of cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR, chest compressions and ventilations) when performed by a lone first responder on an infant victim via the over-the-head technique (OTH) with bag-mask ventilation in comparison with the standard lateral technique (LAT) position. (2) Methods: A randomized simulation crossover study in a baby manikin was conducted. A total of 28 first responders performed each of the techniques in two separate CPR tests (15:2 chest compressions:ventilations ratio), each lasting 5 min with a 15 min resting period. Quality CPR parameters were assessed using an app connected to the manikin. Those variables were related to chest compressions (CC: depth, rate, and correct CC point) and ventilation (number of effective ventilations). Additional variables included perceptions of the ease of execution of CPR. (3) Results: The median global CPR quality (integrated CC + V) was 82% with OTH and 79% with LAT (p = 0.94), whilst the CC quality was 88% with OTH and 80% with LAT (p = 0.67), and ventilation quality was 85% with OTH and 85% with LAT (p = 0.98). Correct chest release was significantly better with OTH (OTH: 92% vs. LAT: 62%, p < 0.001). There were no statistically significant differences in the remaining variables. Ease of execution perceptions favored the use of LAT over OTH. (4) Conclusions: Chest compressions and ventilations can be performed with similar quality in an infant manikin by lifeguards both with the standard recommended position (LAT) and the alternative OTH. This option could give some advantages in terms of optimal chest release between compressions. Our results should encourage the assessment of OTH in some selected cases and situations as when a lone rescuer is present and/or there are physical conditions that could impede the lateral rescue position.

Nueva herramienta de comunicación para el entrenamiento de soporte vital básico: smart glasses. Un diseño cuasiexperimental / New communication tool for basic life support training: smart glasses. A quasi-experimental study

Objetivo Analizar la efectividad de una metodología de enseñanza-aprendizaje de teleformación en soporte vital básico (SVB) basada en la comunicación a través de smart glasses. Diseño Estudio piloto cuasiexperimental de no inferioridad. Participantes Un total de 60 estudiantes universitarios. Intervenciones Aleatorización de los participantes en: grupo de teleformación a través de smart glasses (SG) y de formación tradicional (C). Ambas sesiones de entrenamiento fueron muy breves (<8 minutos) e incluyeron el mismo contenido en SVB. En SG, la capacitación fue comunicándose a través de una videollamada con smart glasses. Variables de interés principales Se evaluó el protocolo del SVB, el uso de desfibrilador externo automático (DEA), la calidad de la reanimación y los tiempos de actuación. Resultados En la mayoría de las variables del protocolo del SVB, la calidad de la reanimación y los tiempos de ejecución no hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre grupos. Hubo mejor actuación de SG al valorar la respiración (SG: 100%, C: 81%; p=0,013), el avisar antes de la descarga del DEA (SG: 79%, C: 52%; p=0,025) y las compresiones con buena reexpansión (SG: 85%, C: 32%; p=0,008). Conclusiones El tele-entrenamiento en SVB-DEA para legos con smart glasses podría llegar a ser, al menos, tan efectivo como un método tradicional de enseñanza. Además, las smart glasses podrían ser más ventajosas para ciertos aspectos del protocolo del SVB y la calidad de las compresiones, probablemente debido a la capacidad de visualización de imágenes en tiempo real. La enseñanza basada en la realidad aumentada debe considerarse para la capacitación en SVB, aunque se requiere tanto cautela en la extrapolación de hallazgos como estudios futuros con mayor profundidad. (AU)

Aim To analyze the effectiveness of a teaching-learning methodology for teletraining in basic life support (BLS) based on communication through smart glasses. Design Pilot quasi-experimental non-inferiority study. Participants Sixty college students. Interventions Randomization of the participants in: tele-training through smart glasses (SG) and traditional training (C) groups. Both training sessions were very brief (less than 8 minutes) and included the same BLS content. In SG, the instructor trained through a video call with smart glasses. Main variables of interest The BLS protocol, the use of AED, the quality of resuscitation and the response times were evaluated. Results In most of the BLS protocol variables, the resuscitation quality and performance times, there were no statistically significant differences between groups. There were significant differences (in favor of the SG) in the assessment of breathing (SG: 100%, CG: 81%; p=0.013), the not-to-touch warning before applying the shock (SG: 79%, CG: 52%; p=0.025) and compressions with correct recoil (SG: 85%, CG: 32%; p=0.008). Conclusions Laypeople BLS-AED brief tele-training through smart glasses could potentially be, at least, as effective as traditional training methods. In addition, smart glasses could be more advantageous than traditional teaching for certain points of the BLS protocol and chest compressions quality, probably due to the capability of real-time visualization of images which supports the BLS sequence. Augmented reality supported teaching should be considered for BLS training, although caution is required in extrapolating findings, and further in-depth studies are needed to confirm its potential role depending on concrete target populations and environments. (AU)

New communication tool for basic life support training: smart glasses. A quasi-experimental study.

AIM: To analyze the effectiveness of a teaching-learning methodology for teletraining in basic life support (BLS) based on communication through smart glasses. DESIGN: Pilot quasi-experimental non-inferiority study. PARTICIPANTS: Sixty college students. INTERVENTIONS: Randomization of the participants in: tele-training through smart glasses (SG) and traditional training (C) groups. Both training sessions were very brief (less than 8 min) and included the same BLS content. In SG, the instructor trained through a video call with smart glasses. MAIN VARIABLES OF INTEREST: The BLS protocol, the use of AED, the quality of resuscitation and the response times were evaluated. RESULTS: In most of the BLS protocol variables, the resuscitation quality and performance times, there were no statistically significant differences between groups. There were significant differences (in favor of the SG) in the assessment of breathing (SG: 100%, C: 81%; p = 0.013), the not-to-touch warning before applying the shock (SG: 79%, C: 52%; p = 0.025) and compressions with correct recoil (SG: 85%, C: 32%; p = 0.008). CONCLUSIONS: Laypeople BLS-AED brief tele-training through smart glasses could potentially be, at least, as effective as traditional training methods. In addition, smart glasses could be more advantageous than traditional teaching for certain points of the BLS protocol and chest compressions quality, probably due to the capability of real-time visualization of images which supports the BLS sequence. Augmented reality supported teaching should be considered for BLS training, although caution is required in extrapolating findings, and further in-depth studies are needed to confirm its potential role depending on concrete target populations and environments.

[Prevención del ahogamiento desde la educación para la salud escolar. Evaluación del proyecto piloto SOS 112.] / Drowning prevention through school health education. Evaluation of the SOS 112 pilot project.

OBJECTIVE: Drowning represents one of the main causes of child mortality. Water-related incidents are preventable and should be addressed through health education. The aim of this study was to evaluate an educational program for eight-year-old students based on a song with content on drowning prevention. METHODS: A feasibility pilot study was conducted, including forty-six children enrolled in a public school in Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña, Spain). The study was developed in three phases. In the first step, a group of experts and musicians created the educational content and the song. Secondly, the evaluation tool was developed, and finally, the program was implemented based on flag recognition, how to help in a drowning situation, safe swimming attitudes, and information about the emergency phone number 112. The percentage of correct responses by children before and after the educational intervention were compared using the McNemar test. RESULTS: Approximately half of the children were unaware of the meaning of the flags. After listening to the song, all students identified the meaning of the red flag, and over 90% recognized the green and yellow flags (p<0.001). Before the intervention, children correctly identified, on average, 75.3% of the safe water attitude pictograms. This perception of safe attitudes significantly increased post-intervention (p<0.001), with recognition of 86.4% of the correct behaviours. The overall water safety score also significantly improved by 22.7% after the intervention (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The educational song is a resource to promote the learning of signals and concepts related to child drowning prevention.

OBJETIVO: El ahogamiento representa una de las principales causas de mortalidad infantil. Los incidentes acuáticos son prevenibles y deben ser abordados desde la educación para la salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar un programa educativo en alumnado de ocho años basado en una canción con contenido para la prevención del ahogamiento. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio piloto de viabilidad que incluyó a cuarenta y seis niños/as escolarizados en un centro público de Santiago de Compostela (A Coruña, España), siendo desarrollado en tres fases. En el primer paso, un grupo de expertos y músicos crearon el contenido educativo y la canción. En segundo lugar, se elaboró la herramienta de evaluación y, finalmente, se implementó el programa basado en el reconocimiento de las banderas, en cómo ayudar en un ahogamiento, en las actitudes seguras para el baño y en información sobre el teléfono de emergencias 112. El porcentaje de respuestas correctas antes y después de la intervención educativa se compararon utilizando la prueba de McNemar. RESULTADOS: Aproximadamente la mitad de los niños/as desconocía el significado de las banderas. Después de la audición de la canción, todos los escolares identificaron el significado de la bandera roja y más del 90% reconoció la bandera verde y amarilla (p<0,001). Antes de la intervención, los niños identificaron correctamente, en promedio, el 75,3% de los pictogramas de actitudes acuáticas seguras. Esta percepción de actitudes seguras aumentó significativamente postintervención (p<0,001), reconociendo el 86,4% de las conductas correctas. La puntuación general de seguridad del agua también mejoró significativamente después de la intervención un 22,7% (p<0,001). CONCLUSIONES: La canción educativa es un medio para favorecer el aprendizaje de las señales y conceptos sobre la prevención del ahogamiento infantil.

Exploring attributional and coping strategies in competitive injured athletes: a qualitative approach.

Introduction: This study explores the attributions and coping strategies of athletes who experienced psychological impact from sport injuries or illness from a qualitative methodology. Purpose: To understand athletes' unique perspectives on injury and recovery, framed in the Global Model of Sport Injuries, and contribute to the development of effective interventions and support programs for athletes. Methods: A qualitative research approach was employed, conducting semi-structured interviews with an ad hoc sample of 16 athletes, representing diverse backgrounds and competitive levels. Interviews were transcribed and analyzed using NVivo software, identifying themes and codes related to attributions and coping strategies. Results: Athletes attributed their sport injury mostly to bad luck, routine deviations, and negative mental states, while coping strategies used included cognitive restructuring, emotional calming, seeking social support, mental withdrawal, and behavioral risk. Factors such as training deviations, social support, psychological responses, and injury diagnosis seems to have influenced the coping strategies employed. Conclusions: Sport injuries and illnesses significantly impact athletes' careers and wellbeing. Support and effective communication from coaching staff and healthcare professionals were identified as crucial for athletes' wellbeing. These findings contribute to understanding the psychological processes and experiences involved in sport injury recovery and highlight key elements for prevention and intervention protocols. Future research should explore communication patterns in sports contexts and assess attributions and coping strategies at different stages of injury recovery.

School children brief training to save foreign body airway obstruction.

Foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO) is a relatively common emergency and a potential cause of sudden death both in children and older people; bystander immediate action will determine the victim's outcome. Although many school children's basic life support (BLS) training programs have been implemented in recent years, references to specific training on FBAO are lacking. Therefore, the aim was to assess FBAO-solving knowledge acquisition in 10-13-year-old school children. A quasi-experimental non-controlled simulation study was carried out on 564 ten-to-thirteen-year-old children from 5 schools in Galicia (Spain). Participants received a 60-min training led by their physical education teachers (5 min theory, 15 min demonstration by the teacher, and 30 min hands-on training) on how to help to solve an FBAO event. After the training session, the school children's skills were assessed in a standardized adult's progressive FBAO simulation scenario. The assessment was carried out by proficient researchers utilizing a comprehensive checklist specifically designed to address the variables involved in resolving a FBAO event according with current international guidelines. The assessment of school children's acquired knowledge during the simulated mild FBAO revealed that 62.2% of participants successfully identified the event and promptly encouraged the simulated patient to cough actively. When the obstruction progressed, its severity was recognized by 86.2% and back blows were administered, followed by abdominal thrusts by 90.4%. When the simulated victim became unconscious, 77.1% of children identified the situation and immediately called the emergency medical service and 81.1% initiated chest compressions. No significant differences in performance were detected according to participants' age.  Conclusion: A brief focused training contributes to prepare 10-13-year-old school children to perform the recommended FBAO steps in a standardized simulated patient. We consider that FBAO should be included in BLS training programs for school children. What is Known: • Kids Save Lives strategy states that school children should learn basic life support (BLS) skills because of their potential role as first responders. • This BLS training does not include content for resolving a foreign body airway obstruction (FBAO). What is New: • Following a 60-min theoretical-practical training led by physical education teachers, 10-13-year-old school children are able to solve a simulated FBAO situation. • The inclusion of FBAO content in BLS training in schools should be considered.

Trained Lifeguards Performing Pediatric Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation While Running: A Pilot Simulation Study.

The aim of this study was to compare the quality of standard infant CPR with CPR in motion (i.e., walking and running) via performing maneuvers and evacuating the infant from a beach. Thirteen trained lifeguards participated in a randomized crossover study. Each rescuer individually performed three tests of 2 min each. Five rescue breaths and cycles of 30 chest compressions followed by two breaths were performed. Mouth-to-mouth-and-nose ventilation was carried out, and chest compressions were performed using the two-fingers technique. The manikin was carried on the rescuer's forearm with the head in the distal position. The analysis variables included compression, ventilation, and CPR quality variables, as well as physiological and effort parameters. Significantly lower compression quality values were obtained in running CPR versus standard CPR (53% ± 14% versus 63% ± 15%; p = 0.045). No significant differences were observed in ventilation or CPR quality. In conclusion, lifeguards in good physical condition can perform simulated infant CPR of a similar quality to that of CPR carried out on a victim who is lying down in a fixed position.

Dispatcher-assisted BLS for lay bystanders: A pilot study comparing video streaming via smart glasses and telephone instructions.

OBJECTIVE: To determine whether dispatcher assistance via smart glasses improves bystander basic life support (BLS) performance compared with standard telephone assistance in a simulated out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) scenario. METHODS: Pilot study in which 28 lay people randomly assigned to a smart glasses-video assistance (SG-VA) intervention group or a smartphone-audio assistance (SP-AA) control group received dispatcher guidance from a dispatcher to provide BLS in an OHCA simulation. SG-VA rescuers received assistance via a video call with smart glasses (Vuzix, Blade) connected to a wireless network, while SP-AA rescuers received instructions over a smartphone with the speaker function activated. BLS protocol steps, quality of chest compressions, and performance times were compared. RESULTS: Nine of the 14 SG-VA rescuers correctly completed the BLS protocol compared with none of the SP-AA rescuers (p = 0.01). A significantly higher number of SG-VA rescuers successfully opened the airway (13 vs. 5, p = 0.002), checked breathing (13 vs. 8, p = 0.03), correctly positioned the automatic external defibrillator pads (14 vs.6, p = 0.001), and warned bystanders to stay clear before delivering the shock (12 vs. 0, p < 0.001). No significant differences were observed for performance times or chest compression quality. The mean compression rate was 104 compressions per minute in the SG-VA group and 98 compressions per minute in the SP-AA group (p = 0.46); mean depth of compression was 4.5 cm and 4.4 cm (p = 0.49), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Smart glasses could significantly improve dispatcher-assisted bystander performance in an OHCA event. Their potential in real-life situations should be evaluated.

Tratamientos agudos de recanalización en el ictus arterial isquémico pediátrico posnatal. Código ictus pediátrico / Acute recanalization treatments in postnatal paediatric ischaemic arterial strole. Paediatric stroke code

El ictus arterial isquémico infantil es una patología mucho menos conocida que en adultos debido a su menor frecuencia y a su diferente etiología. Sin embargo, es también una patología grave con una alta incidencia de secuelas severas y perennes, que sobrepasan el 50% de los casos. El manejo agudo del ictus arterial isquémico pediátrico posnatal (IAIPP) ha cambiado drásticamente en los últimos años, fundamentalmente en lo referente a los tratamientos de recanalización (trombólisis y terapias endovasculares). Estos tratamientos, que antes no se recomendaban en la edad infantil, se están afianzando cada vez más en la práctica diaria. Aunque los estudios realizados en niños no tienen un grado de evidencia alto por ser retrospectivos y porque el número de casos es bajo, soportan la idea de que dichos tratamientos son igual de seguros y eficaces que en los adultos siempre que se realicen con unos criterios de inclusión y exclusión determinados y dentro de un tiempo determinado desde el inicio de los síntomas (ventana terapéutica). En este artículo se revisa, a la luz de los conocimientos actuales, el manejo agudo del IAIPP. Debido a que la eficacia de estos tratamientos está íntimamente ligada al inicio precoz de los mismos, es necesaria la existencia de un código ictus infantil como ampliación del código ictus que se aplica a los adultos. Ha empezado a implantarse en España desde el año 2019 aunque todavía hay importantes zonas del país donde aún no se aplica. (AU)

In children, arterial ischemic stroke is a much less understood disease compared to in adults due to its lower frequency and different aetiology. However, it is also a serious disease, with a high incidence of severe and permanent sequelae that exceeds 50% of total cases. The acute management of postnatal arterial ischaemic stroke (MNAIS) has changed drastically in recent years, chiefly on account of recanalization treatments (thrombolysis and endovascular therapies). These treatments, which used to not be recommended in childhood, are increasingly implemented in everyday clinical practice. Although the evidence from studies carried out in children is not of high quality due to their retrospective design and the small number of reported cases, they support the hypothesis that these treatments are as safe and effective as they are in adults as long as appropriate eligibility criteria are applied and they are used within a certain time from the onset of symptoms (therapeutic window). This article reviews the MNAIS based on the current scientific evidence. Since the efficacy of these treatments is highly dependent on their early initiation, a paediatric stroke code needs to be in place as an extension of the stroke code applied to adults. It has started to be introduced in Spain since 2019, although there are still large areas of the country where it has yet to be applied. (AU)

Acute recanalization treatments in postnatal paediatric ischaemic arterial stroke. Paediatric stroke code.

In children, arterial ischemic stroke is a much less understood disease compared to in adults due to its lower frequency and different aetiology. However, it is also a serious disease, with a high incidence of severe and permanent sequelae that exceeds 50% of total cases. The acute management of postnatal arterial ischaemic stroke (MNAIS) has changed drastically in recent years, chiefly on account of recanalization treatments (thrombolysis and endovascular therapies). These treatments, which used to not be recommended in childhood, are increasingly implemented in everyday clinical practice. Although the evidence from studies carried out in children is not of high quality due to their retrospective design and the small number of reported cases, they support the hypothesis that these treatments are as safe and effective as they are in adults as long as appropriate eligibility criteria are applied and they are used within a certain time from the onset of symptoms (therapeutic window). This article reviews the MNAIS based on the current scientific evidence. Since the efficacy of these treatments is highly dependent on their early initiation, a paediatric stroke code needs to be in place as an extension of the stroke code applied to adults. It has started to be introduced in Spain since 2019, although there are still large areas of the country where it has yet to be applied.

Prevención del ahogamiento desde la educación para la salud escolar. Evaluación del proyecto piloto SOS 112 / Drowning prevention through school health education. Evaluation of the SOS 112 pilot project

FUNDAMENTOS: El ahogamiento representa una de las principales causas de mortalidad infantil. Los incidentes acuáticos sonprevenibles y deben ser abordados desde la educación para la salud. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar un programa educativoen alumnado de ocho años basado en una canción con contenido para la prevención del ahogamiento. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio piloto de viabilidad que incluyó a cuarenta y seis niños/as escolarizados en un centro público deSantiago de Compostela (A Coruña, España), siendo desarrollado en tres fases. En el primer paso, un grupo de expertos y músicoscrearon el contenido educativo y la canción. En segundo lugar, se elaboró la herramienta de evaluación y, finalmente, se implementóel programa basado en el reconocimiento de las banderas, en cómo ayudar en un ahogamiento, en las actitudes seguras para elbaño y en información sobre el teléfono de emergencias 112. El porcentaje de respuestas correctas antes y después de la intervencióneducativa se compararon utilizando la prueba de McNemar. RESULTADOS: Aproximadamente la mitad de los niños/as desconocía el significado de las banderas. Después de la audición dela canción, todos los escolares identificaron el significado de la bandera roja y más del 90% reconoció la bandera verde y amarilla(p<0,001). Antes de la intervención, los niños identificaron correctamente, en promedio, el 75,3% de los pictogramas de actitudesacuáticas seguras. Esta percepción de actitudes seguras aumentó significativamente postintervención (p<0,001), reconociendo el86,4% de las conductas correctas. La puntuación general de seguridad del agua también mejoró significativamente después de laintervención un 22,7% (p<0,001). CONCLUSIONES: La canción educativa es un medio para favorecer el aprendizaje de las señales y conceptos sobre la prevencióndel ahogamiento infantil.(AU)

BACKGROUND: Drowning represents one of the main causes of child mortality. Water-related incidents are preventable and shouldbe addressed through health education. The aim of this study was to evaluate an educational program for eight-year-old studentsbased on a song with content on drowning prevention. METHODS: A feasibility pilot study was conducted, including forty-six children enrolled in a public school in Santiago de Compostela(A Coruña, Spain). The study was developed in three phases. In the first step, a group of experts and musicians created the educationalcontent and the song. Secondly, the evaluation tool was developed, and finally, the program was implemented based on flag recognition,how to help in a drowning situation, safe swimming attitudes, and information about the emergency phone number 112. The percentageof correct responses by children before and after the educational intervention were compared using the McNemar test. RESULTS: Approximately half of the children were unaware of the meaning of the flags. After listening to the song, all studentsidentified the meaning of the red flag, and over 90% recognized the green and yellow flags (p<0.001). Before the intervention, childrencorrectly identified, on average, 75.3% of the safe water attitude pictograms. This perception of safe attitudes significantly increasedpost-intervention (p<0.001), with recognition of 86.4% of the correct behaviours. The overall water safety score also significantlyimproved by 22.7% after the intervention (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The educational song is a resource to promote the learning of signals and concepts related to child drowningprevention.(AU)