Developing codes from the interview: reading versus listening.

BACKGROUND: Interviewing is a vital and common method of collecting data in qualitative research. The interview is usually recorded and a written transcription is created from the recording. The transcription document is then analysed by reading and re-reading to fracture the data and develop initial codes, as in grounded theory methodology. However, this method has disadvantages. AIM: To report on how the authors used the process of generating initial codes during their analysis in a research study. DISCUSSION: The authors compare the rigour and efficiency of generating initial codes from reading written transcripts with generating initial codes from listening to recordings. The most notable difference between the two methods is the length of time needed to transcribe the recording before coding can start. The authors discuss the lessons they learned from their pragmatic decision to expedite initial coding by listening to rather than reading the interview data. CONCLUSION: Grounded theory requires concurrent data generation and analysis. Audio analysis is efficient in developing initial codes from interview recordings. IMPLICATIONS FOR PRACTICE: Nurse researchers can use the audio method of analysing interview data.

Post-discharge complications in postoperative patients with hip fracture.

Hip fractures often occur in elderly people and are a major global health challenge causing many consequences, both in health and socioeconomic costs. This review aimed to identify complications that occur in patients with postoperative hip fracture between 30 days and 60 months after discharge. This review was conducted on articles published from 2005 to 2017 obtained from the EBSCO, PubMed, ProQuest and Google Scholar databases. The literature search followed PRISMA Guidelines. Key search words included the terms: hip fracture, complication, postoperative, community, and nursing. Articles were considered eligible if discussed the complications of hip fracture with surgical treatment, occurring post hospital discharge and the patient was in the community. In this review, 23 articles were included that met the inclusion criteria. There were 16 articles that cohort studies, 3 were retrospective studies, 3 were randomized control trials and 1 article was an observational study. The time of observation varied from 30 days to the longest of 5 years. Quality assessment of the levels of evidence used the Oxford CEBM recommendations. The review results found that postoperative hip fracture patients after discharge still experienced various complications after 30 days and up to 1-3 years post-operation.

Su Jok as a complementary therapy for reducing level of pain: A retrospective study.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate pain levels before and after Su Jok therapy. METHODS: This research was a retrospective study from data collected in September-December 2019 in Indonesia. A total of 33 females and 13 males complaining of physical pain when visiting community services' activities and treated by a certified Su Jok therapist were included in this study. Physical pain scale was analyzed before and after therapy. Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were used for statistical analysis. RESULTS: As many as 57 physical complaints were recorded from 46 respondents. The most common area of pain was the extremities (32%). The types of therapy were energy therapy, correspondence therapy and combined therapy (energy and correspondence therapy). Combination therapy had 100% success in reducing the pain scale. There were significant differences in pain level before and after Su Jok therapy (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: Su Jok therapy provides an effective treatment in reducing pain.

Nursing practice in sexual dimension of patients: Literature review

BACKGROUND: Sexuality is human rights, a fundamental part of healthy life which is defined as the absence of illness, social, emotional, mental and physical welfare in relation to the sexuality and has become the consideration of health service aspect. Sexual health is one of the parts of the patient's holistic needs in which the nurse has the responsibility and nursing practice through sexual education. Sexual dimension is not an easy to discuss since culturally it is not easy to express. So, it has become a topic which needs to be explored. PURPOSE: To identify the description of nursing practice in the patient's sexual health dimension and various factors which obstruct the implementation of sexual discussion. METHODS: The research was conducted using databases such as PubMed, MEDLINE, ProQuest and Google Scholar. The articles were published within the period of 2000-2018. The synthesis was done based on twenty articles with the main variables namely attitude, belief, nursing practice and obstacles in sexual discussion which comply the checklist of Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) Critical Appraisal Checklist. RESULTS: There were five main topics which elaborated nursing practice when discussing sexual topic with the patient, namely the attitude in discussing sexuality topic, the level of comfort and self confidence in the discussion, initiation in discussing sexuality, spending time in discussing sexuality and the obstacle in conducting sexual discussion. CONCLUSION: Lack of knowledge and the lack of continuity of education through training was one of the factors that obstructed sexual discussion with the patient

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Using storylines for bilingual dissemination of a grounded theory.

BACKGROUND: A storyline in a grounded theory study plays two important roles: an analytical tool and a research product. Using more than one language in a study affects the research, including the dissemination of its findings. Very little literature discusses how to develop and disseminate a storyline. AIM: This paper offers insight into the crafting of a storyline to disseminate a grounded theory study describing how people in Indonesia with diabetes learn about their disease. DISCUSSION: This paper explains how the researchers developed the storyline. The authors then address considerations in the storyline's development and explain how they disseminated it, as well as the factors that influenced that dissemination. CONCLUSION: Disseminating findings through a storyline written in the local language ensures that the target audience all have access to a study's outcomes through an easily readable publication. IMPLICATION FOR PRACTICE: Sharing a storyline helps to disseminate the outcomes of a grounded theory study. It informs the wider community of new knowledge and enables it to review, understand and apply the outcomes of research.

How people living with diabetes in Indonesia learn about their disease: A grounded theory study.

BACKGROUND: Diabetes education has been found to impact positively on self-management by people with diabetes although little is known about the process by which they assimilate information. The aim of this study was to generate a theory explaining the process by which people with diabetes learn about their disease in Indonesia. METHODS: This study employed a grounded theory methodology influenced by constructivism and symbolic interactionism. A total of twenty-eight face-to-face or telephone interviews with participants from Indonesia that included people with diabetes, healthcare professionals, health service providers and families of people with diabetes were conducted in both Indonesia and Australia. RESULTS: This study discloses a core category of Learning, choosing, and acting: self-management of diabetes in Indonesia as the basic social process of how people learn about their diabetes. The process includes five distinctive major categories. People with diabetes acted after they had received recommendations that they considered to be trustworthy. Factors that influenced their choice of recommendations to adopt are also identified. CONCLUSIONS: Awareness of the complexity involved in their decision making will assist healthcare professionals to engage effectively with people living with diabetes.

The Interrater Reliability of Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC): "Caregiver Performance: Direct Care".

PURPOSE: The article investigates the interrater reliability of Nursing Outcome Classification (NOC) "Caregiver Performance: Direct Care" in Indonesian language. METHODS: Two raters assessed 31 caregivers of clients with mental disorders using NOC "Caregiver Performance: Direct Care" in January 2016. This NOC was translated into Indonesian and each indicator was operated in accordance with caregivers' need in taking care of clients. Kappa and percent agreement were used for the analysis. FINDINGS: The overall kappa value of NOC "Caregiver Performance: Direct Care" was 0.752, while the percent agreement was 80. CONCLUSIONS: The interrater reliability of NOC "Caregiver Performance: Direct Care" in Indonesian was at the level of substantial reliability. IMPLICATION FOR NURSING PRACTICE: NOC "Caregiver Performance: Direct Care" can be used in the clinical setting.

Discharge planning in mental health care: an integrative review of the literature.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To identify the evidence base related to discharge planning in the context of acute and community mental healthcare service provision to ascertain the need for future research. BACKGROUND: Discharge planning is an important activity when preparing consumers to transition from hospital to home. The efficiency of discharge planning for consumers living with a mental health issue can influence both the number of future readmissions to acute-care facilities and their quality of life at home. DESIGN: An integrative review of the peer-reviewed literature. METHOD: This review uses specific search terms and a 21-year time frame to search two key nursing databases CINAHL (Cinahl Information Systems, Glendale, CA, USA) and PSYCHINFO (American Psychological Association, Washington, DC, USA) for research reports investigating the substantive area of enquiry. Hand searches of reference lists and author searches were also conducted. Nineteen peer-reviewed journal articles met the inclusion criteria for this review. RESULTS: Research findings about discharge planning for people living with a mental health issue identify the importance of communication between health professionals, consumers and their families to maximise the effectiveness of this process. The complexity of consumer's healthcare needs influences the discharge planning process and impacts on aftercare compliance and readmission rates. There is a limited amount of research findings relating to differences between health professionals and families' perceptions of the level of information required for effective discharge planning, and the appropriate level of involvement of individuals living with a mental health issue in their own discharge planning. Results from this integrative review will inform future research related to this topic. CONCLUSION: Discharge planning for consumers living with a mental health issue involves many stakeholders who have different expectations regarding the type of information required and the necessary level of involvement of people living with a mental health issue in this process. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Comprehensive discharge planning can result in reduced readmissions to both acute and community mental health services. Understanding the impact of effective communication on the outcomes of discharge planning is an important step in promoting success.

Patients' experiences of absconding from a psychiatric setting in Indonesia.

Absconding from psychiatric institutions is a relatively common phenomenon. Yet patients' experience of absconding is a perspective that has received little attention in the West and none in Indonesia. A case study using mixed methods was undertaken in order to provide a profile of absconding events over a 1-year period in a psychiatric setting in Indonesia. In the qualitative phase of the study, in a semistructured interview, 16 patients who absconded described their experiences of absconding. Three themes of experience were identified: the call to home, hopes and realities, and us and them. The call to home theme described patients' eagerness to connect with family and others and to feel safe. Hopes and realities identified patients' hopes for happiness, which were dashed by the realities of life at home and in the hospital. The final theme, us and them, described the competing interests and different opinions of patients in relation to others including hospital staff and family. There is a need for changes to mental health policy and service provision in order to reduce the incidence of absconding in Indonesia and enable patients and their families to receive adequate support while living in the community.