Computerized tomographic pattern of stroke seen in University of Portharcourt Teaching Hospital.

Background: Data on Computed tomographic (CT) pattern of stroke abound in literature but they are predominantly from studies done in the Western world. Though most of the reports agree that ischaemic rather than haemorrhagic stroke is prevalent in most climes,no strictly radiology based study can be quoted in the Port Harcourt area. Thus there is the need for accurate data on stroke pattern in Nigerians of the South-South region. Aims: This study was done to establish the CT pattern of stroke seen in University of Port Harcourt Teaching Hospital (UPTH) and to determine the relationship between the different stroke patterns and age, sex, including time of presentation. Methodology: A prospective study of 203 subjects with clinical diagnosis of stroke who had CT of the brain performed during a 12month period (November 2012 to November 2013).A 2-slice helical CT was used to obtain images in the axial plane. Images were classified as normal or abnormal scans. Abnormal scans were analyzed as ischaemic infarcts, intracerebral haemorrhage, subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH), subdural haematoma, abscess, neoplasm, meningitis, and cerebral atrophy. The clinical diagnosis, age, sex and time of presentation of the patients were recorded. Statistical analysis was done with the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.0.Means were compared using Student's t test. Pearson's correlation coefficient was used to correlate CT findings with clinical diagnosis ,age, and sex.P values < 0.05 were considered significant. Results: The age distribution of the study population ranged from 6-90 years with a mean of 58.3+14.9years. The over 70 age group was most frequent with 24.1% of the subjects. Males were predominant at 51.7% of the sample size. Findings of ischaemic cerebrovascular disease (CVD) were more common than haemorrhagic CVD at 63.2%. Conclusion: This study revealed a higher incidence of ischaemic stroke compared to haemorrhagic stroke.

Mullerian duct anomaly in a Nigerian woman with recurrent pregnancy loss.

A case of late first trimester/early second trimester recurrent pregnancy loss in a 30-year-old para 3+0 Nigerian woman is reported. She was referred to the Radiologist for Hysterosalpingography (HSG) work-up following repeated spontaneous abortions at early pregnancy stage. There was no history of trauma, surgery, alcohol/drug abuse or haematological disorder such as sickle cell anaemia or Thalassemia. Her body weight was 105 kg. Systemic examination was normal. The HSG however demonstrated widely separated horns of the single endometrial cavity with intercornual angle measuring 107 degrees indicating a congenital abnormality of bicornuate type.

Cystourethrography in Posterior Urethral Valves: Review of 20 Cases

Background: Posterior urethral valves (PUV) is a common cause of bladder outlet obstruction in the male infant; child or adolescent. Early diagnosis is important in order to prevent renal damage. Aim: To highlight delays in early diagnosis as a result of changing dressing habits-use of diapers in children.Methods: A retrospective review of 20 patients with posterior urethral valves seen by the author over a period of five years (1999-2003) at a private radiological diagnostic centre in Port Harcourt. Results: In the period under review; 208 patients had cystourethrography in the centre. Of these; 35(16) were paediatric patients. Twenty(57) of the paediatric patients had posterior urethral valves and all the patients were males. Majority of the patients (85) were seen in the first two years of life. All the patients presented with abdominal distension. Five of the patients whose mothers were primips were not able to describe the pattern of urine flow from the children as they always had diapers on. Diverticulum was seen in five patients (25) and these were aged one year and above.Conclusion: Posterior urethral valves is a common cause of bladder outlet obstruction in male children. Diverticulum; a complication of bladder outlet obstruction was common. Use of diapers and poor education may contribute to delays in diagnosis. Early diagnosis is important to prevent end-stage renal failure

Renal Duplex Collecting System in Port Harcourt: a Six-year Retrospective Review

Background: Duplicated collecting system (DCS) is a common congenital genitourinary anomaly which is usually detected on imaging studies performed for other reasons. It may be accompanied by various complications or associated with a variety of congenital genitourinary anomalies. Aim: To evaluate the incidence of duplication anomalies; the types of duplicated collecting systems; their complications and associated genitourinary congenital anomalies in Port Harcourt. Methods: This was a retrospective review of two thousand intravenous urogram (IVU) radiographs seen by the authors over a 6-year period; between 2000 and 2005 at Pix Centre; a private radiological centre in Port Harcourt; Nigeria. Results: Eighteen cases of DCS out of two thousand radiographs were seen in this period. Six (33.9) were males and 12 (66) were females. Sixteen (88.9) were unilateral and 2(11.1) were bilateral. Twelve (66.7) were on the right and 8(44.4) on the left. There was bifid pelvis in 1(5.6) and bifid ureters in 17(94.4). There was no complete duplicated collecting system. There was calyceal clubbing in 2(11). Ipsilateral ureterocele was noted in 1(5.6). The incidence of duplicated collecting system from our series was 0.9. Conclusion: Duplicated collecting system in our environment is relatively rare. The commonest type is of the bifid ureter (incomplete ureteral duplication). There is low rate of association with other serious congenital anomalies of the urogenital system. There is female preponderance with a female to male ratio of 2:1

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma with distant metastasis.

We report a case of nasopharyngeal carcinoma with Chest Metastasis in a 38-year-old man. The patient presented with nasal obstruction, epistaxis, a huge neck mass and conductive hearing loss in the right ear. Examination under anaesthesia revealed a mass in the nasopharynx, which was confirmed on histology to be squamous carcinoma. He responded remarkably well to external radiotherapy with disappearance of primary tumor and neck metastasis. One year later he presented with thoraco-lumbar spine pain and cough. The nasopharynx and neck remained free of tumor while radiographs demonstrated multiple metastasis to the lungs and vertebrae.