Cambios en la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad de mujeres afromexicanas en una comunidad rural de Oaxaca en 2007 y 2010 / Changes in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in afro-mexican women in a rural community of Oaxaca in 2007 and 2010

Introducción: En México la obesidad y el sobrepeso se han extendido al medio rural, afectando a un número mayor de mujeres jóvenes. Objetivo: Determinar y comparar la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en dos momentos (2007 vs 2010) en mujeres >=20 años de edad y conocer su asociación con las variables socioeconómicas en una comunidad rural de Oaxaca, México. Metodología: Comparación de dos estudios transversales (2007 y 2010). La población se integró por mujeres que aceptaron participar y tuvieran niños (<=19 años) bajo su cuidado. Se aplicó un cuestionario en donde se registraron mediciones antropométricas por método estandarizado. Resultados: Se estudiaron 55 mujeres en el 2007 y 48 en el 2010, la mediana de la edad fue de 37 (20-64) años y de 32 (20-57) años, respectivamente. La mediana del IMC en el 2007 fue de 28,1 (16-39,3) y en 2010 de 31 (20-42,5) kg/m2. La prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad aumentó de 58,2% a 81,3% (p <0,05). Discusión: El sobrepeso y la obesidad tienen un origen multifactorial por interacción de factores genéticos, ambientales, socioeconómicos y culturales. Hubo un cambio significativo en la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad en el período estudiado (AU)

Introduction: In Mexico, the overweight and obesity have spread to rural area, affecting a greater number of young women. Objective: To determine and compare in two moments (2007 vs 2010) the prevalence of overweight and obesity and their associated socioeconomic factors in women older than 20 years-old from rural community in Oaxaca State, Mexico. Methods: Comparison of two cross-sectional surveys (2007 and 2010). The samples were integrated by women who accepted to participate in the study and had children (<=19 years-old) under their care. A questionnaire was applied where anthropometric measurements were recorded by a standardized method. Results: We studied 55 women in 2007 and 48 in 2010, the median age was 37 (20-64) years and 32 (20-57) years, respectively. The median body mass index (BMI) in 2007 was 28.1 (16-39.3) kg/m2 and for 2010, 31 (20-42.5) kg/m2 . The prevalence of overweight and obesity increased from 58.2% to 81.3% (p<0.05). Discussion: Overweight and obesity are clinical condition with a multifactor origin derived of the interaction of genetic, environmental, socioeconomic and cultural factors. There was a significant change in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the studied period (AU)

Liver diseases in Mexico and their associated mortality trends from 2000 to 2007: A retrospective study of the nation and the federal states.

INTRODUCTION: Liver disease is a major health issue in Mexico. Although several studies have been performed to analyze the impact of liver diseases on the Mexican population, none has compared the prevalence and impact of liver disease between states within Mexico. AIM: To analyze trends in mortality associated with liver diseases from 2000 to 2007 at the national and state levels. METHODS: Data was obtained from the Ministry of Health (number of deaths) and the National Population Council (CONAPO) (population at risk) and mortality rates were analyzed using statistical software. RESULTS: Mortality due to viral hepatitis, liver tumors, and cirrhosis increased over the study period. Alcohol-related mortality decreased but was still the main cause of liver-related deaths. Viral hepatitis infection occurred predominantly in the northern states and liver tumors occurred predominantly in the central region. Alcohol-related deaths were elevated along the Pacific shoreline and deaths associated with cirrhosis occurred mainly in the central and southern states. CONCLUSION: Incidence of liver-related mortality has increased and will continue to do so in the future.