[Development and estimation of nanosomal rifampicin].

A lab-scale method for preparation of rifampicin-loaded polybutylcyanoacrylate nanoparticles (nanosames) was developed. The biodistribution of the nanosome-entrapped rifampicin after its intravenous administration was studied on healthy mice. The nanoparticles provided significant liver and spleen accumulation of rifampicin. Modification of the nanoparticles surface with poloxamer 407 or poloxamine 908 led to optimization of the biodistribution: the concentrations of rifampicin in the lungs and plasma increased, whereas the liver accumulation decreased vs. the unmodified nanoparticles. The increased lung accumulation of rifampicin enhanced bacterial clearance in the lungs of the mice infected with M. tuberculosis. The results showed that the use of the nanoparticles for optimization of the drug biodistribution was effective for increasing the efficacy of antiinfective chemotherapy.

[Morphologic changes in the rat inferior olive after its neurotoxic destruction with different doses of 2-acetylpyridine]. / Morfologicheskie izmeneniia v nizhnei olive krys pri ee neirotoksicheskom razrushenii razlichnymi dozami 3-atsetilpiridina.

Neurotoxic effect of 3 acetylpyridine administered in different doses to adult outbred albino rats caused morphological changes in neurons of inferior olive: nucleus translocation towards cell body periphery with central chromatolysis, cytoplasm homogenisation complete dissolution of chromatophilic substance, disappearance of cell contours with glia preservation. The most severe lesion of the nervous tissue was observed in basal olive and dorsal accessory olive in all cases studied. Majority of neurons remained unchanged in medial accessory olive and its subdivisions.

[Compensatory rehabilitation processes and instrumental reflexes in rats after neurotoxic lesions in the inferior olive]. / Kompensatorno-vosstanovitel'nye protsessy i instrumental'nye refleksy u krys posle neirotoksicheskogo razrusheniia nizhnei olivy.

Training and recovery of instrumental equilibrium reflexes are impossible after total neurotoxical destruction of the inferior olive in rats. Motor deficits and compensatory rehabilitation processes in rats following 3-acethylpyridine treatment and high transection of the dorso-lateral funiculus of the spinal cord are closely correlated with the degree of the inferior olive destruction. The data obtained revealed an improvement in the motor disturbance and a stabilising of the instrumental reflexes in the rats with subtotal lesion of the inferior olive.

[The comparative characteristics of the background neuronal activity of the central cerebellar nuclei in the alert cat]. / Sravnitel'naia kharakteristika fonovoi aktivnosti neironov tsentral'nykh iader mozzhechka bodrstvuiushchei koshki.

Neuronal background activity of the cerebellar central nuclei was studied in alert cats. Statistical analysis revealed some differences in the activity due, probably, to the nuclei's cytoarchitectonic specifics and diversity of afferent cerebellar cortical inputs.

[Neuronal reactions of the central cerebellar nuclei in the waking cat to cortical and peripheral stimuli]. / Reaktsii neironov tsentral'nykh iader mozzhechka bodrstvuiushchei koshki na korkovye i perifericheskie stimuli.

Neuronal responses of the central cerebellar nuclei to electrical stimulation of the cerebral cortex and electrocutaneous stimulation of the limbs were studied in alert cats. An obvious responsiveness of neurons of the fastigial nucleus to the peripheral signals and impulses from the motor cortex was found. The neurons of the n. interpositus responded preferably to peripheral stimuli and signals from the somatosensory cortex. The responses of the medial part of the lateral nucleus to peripheral signals are described, as well as neuronal responses of the lateral nucleus to impulses from the association parietal cortex.

[Responses of neurons of the lateral cerebellar nucleus of the alert cat to somatosensory stimulation]. / Otvety neironov lateral'nogo iadra mozzhechka bodrstvuiushchei koshki na somatosensornoe razdrazhenie.

Temporal characteristics of responses of the lateral nucleus neurons to electrocutaneous stimulation of limbs was studied in alert cats. Spinal afferent input to lateral nucleus neurons was found to exist. Effects from the forelimbs, particularly ipsilateral ones, are predominant. The somatosensory signals to the lateral nucleus neurons in alert cats seem to be conducted mainly via pathways involving brainstem structures and not the cerebellar cortex.

[Features of the afferent control of spike activity of neurons of the interstitial nucleus of the cerebellum in the awake cat]. / Osobennosti afferentnogo kontrolia impul'snoi aktivnosti neironov promezhutochnogo iadra mozzhechka u bodrstvuiushchikh koshek.

Characteristics of neuronal responses of the cerebellar nucleus interpositus to electrical stimulation of limbs were studied in alert cats. Somatosensory inputs to neurons of the nucleus are transmitted, mainly, via short--latency afferents without involving the cerebellar cortex. Nembutal anesthesia sharply reduced the number of early excitatory reactions and increased the number of inhibitory responses. The latters with latency up to 30 ms disappear after subcortical transection of the intermedial zone of the cerebellar cortex.

[Morpho-functional analysis of the nature of cerebello-hippocampal connections]. / Morfo-funktisional'nyi analiz osobennostei sviazi mozzhechka s gippokampom.

Spontaneous and evoked electric activity of the cat dorsal hippocampus neurons revealed the stimulation of cerebellar fastigial and interpositus nuclei to have bilateral mostly facilitating influence on hippocampal neuron activity, with more obvious contralateral effects. Convergence of afferent signals from structures under study is also more often observed in contralateral hippocampal neurons. Effects of fastigial nucleus stimulation are predominant. Recorded reactions have polysynaptic nature. Absence of monosynaptic connection between cerebellar efferent fibers and neurons of hippocampus was revealed by morphological experiments with experimental degeneration caused by destruction of cerebellar central nuclei. Possible ways for information transmission from cerebellum to hippocampus and functional role of cerebello-hippocampal interconnection are discussed.

[Analysis of focal potentials in the cat cerebral cortex during activation of cerebello-thalamo-cortical projection systems]. / Analiz fokal'nykh potentsialov kory mozga koshki pri aktivatsii mozzhechkovo-talamo-korkovykh proektsionnykh sistem.

Peculiarities of topographical distribution of responses of the cat cerebral cortex to stimulation of cerebellar and thalamic (ventro-lateral and ventral anterior) nuclei as well as cerebello-thalamo-cortical projection system and comparison between the cerebellar and thalamic responses revealed differences in focal potentials evoked in pericruciate and parietal cortex. The latencies of the potentials, similarity in shape and in depth of reversion suggest that the cerebello-cortical responses in the pericruciate cortex are mediated through the thalamic ventro-lateral nucleus making synapses in III-IV cortical layers while responses in the parietal cortex--through the thalamic ventral anterior nucleus making synapses in more superficial layers.