RESUMO
Tendency to growth of prevalence of ischemic heart disease (IHD) occurring in Russian Federation despite application of preventive measures designates necessity of search for novel nontraditional factors of risk. Among other studied factors of genesis of cardiovascular diseases in general and of IHD in particular is the role of xenobiotics - chemical pollutants, substances foreign to the body. In this paper we present results of a number of epidemiological studies on the problem of xenobiotics and IHD. Special attention is given to the difficulty of isolation of the leading chemical pollutant and as a consequence of pathogenetic link what leads to underestimation of pathological states caused by ecological factors especially in such urbanized region with developed chemical industry as Kusbass.
Assuntos
Indústria Química , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/epidemiologia , Poluição Ambiental/efeitos adversos , População Urbana , Doença da Artéria Coronariana/etiologia , Humanos , Prevalência , Fatores de Risco , Federação Russa/epidemiologiaRESUMO
The authors presented dependence of arterial hypertension on work intensity, exemplified by two occupational groups--teachers and electricians, and demonstrated modifying influence of occupation on prevalence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
Assuntos
Docentes/estatística & dados numéricos , Hipertensão/etiologia , Doenças Profissionais/etiologia , Adulto , Feminino , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Risco , Federação Russa , Ensino/estatística & dados numéricos , Carga de TrabalhoRESUMO
The analysis of age features of prevalence of an arterial hypertensia in the basic professional groups of the coal-mining enterprises was carried out. In total 1575 workers of collieries and cuts of Kuzbas united in 9 professional groups participated in the research. The results of research demonstrated the distinctions of age structure in the professional groups, testifying about expressed professional senescence among workers of mines, which reveals itself in the decrease in relative density of persons of 50+ years. In these groups with the expressed professional senescence the decrease in relative density of persons with an arterial hypertensia--so-called effect of the "healthy worker", in turn, is observed.
Assuntos
Minas de Carvão , Hipertensão , Serviços de Saúde do Trabalhador/estatística & dados numéricos , Adulto , Distribuição por Idade , Determinação da Pressão Arterial/métodos , Humanos , Hipertensão/diagnóstico , Hipertensão/epidemiologia , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Saúde Ocupacional/normas , Saúde Ocupacional/estatística & dados numéricos , Serviços de Saúde do Trabalhador/métodos , Ocupações , Fatores de Risco , Sibéria/epidemiologia , Recursos Humanos , Local de Trabalho/normasRESUMO
AIM: To analyze prevalence and structure of thyroid pathology in women of reproductive age living in Shoria mountains. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The examination of 409 women aged 18 to 40 living in mountain Shoria included assessment of social status, heredity, actual nutrition, visit to endocrinologist, ultrasound investigation of the thyroid, tests for thyroid hormones (TTH, T3, T4) in the serum, antibodies to microsomal fractions, iodine concentrations in the morning urine. RESULTS: Significant prevalence of thyroid diseases (62.3%), high rate of diffuse nontoxic goiter of the second degree (18.0%), nodular nontoxic goiter (11.8%), autoimmune thyroiditis (6.3%), hypothyroidism (5.5%), low median of iodine excretion with urine in women refer mountain Shoria to the zone of goiter endemia. CONCLUSION: Among migrants thyroid morbidity is significantly higher than among the native population. Eradication of goiter endemia will promote reproductive health in this region.
Assuntos
Reprodução/fisiologia , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/epidemiologia , Adolescente , Adulto , Doenças Endêmicas/estatística & dados numéricos , Feminino , Humanos , Iodo/urina , Prevalência , Estudos Retrospectivos , Sibéria/epidemiologia , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/diagnóstico por imagem , Doenças da Glândula Tireoide/metabolismo , Hormônios Tireóideos/sangue , UltrassonografiaRESUMO
Muscular and cardiac performance was assessed a spirometry and bicycle ergometry in two groups of patients aged 25-55 with mitral xenobioprostheses functioning normally. 36 patients were examined 1-3 years following surgery (group I), 23 patients in 3.5-8 years. Functional results were found not inferior in group II. Stable parameters were more characteristic for patients having preoperative functional classes I-III.
Assuntos
Bioprótese , Teste de Esforço , Próteses Valvulares Cardíacas , Valva Mitral/cirurgia , Espirometria , Adulto , Estudos de Avaliação como Assunto , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Fatores de Tempo , Avaliação da Capacidade de TrabalhoRESUMO
The study was undertaken to examine the correlation between the parameters of central hemodynamics and mitral valve prosthesis functions which were obtained by invasive techniques, as well as these of physical working capacity, hemodynamics, and blood by noninvasive methods at rest and during bicycle ergometry in the graded exercise test. An examination was made of 24 patients every 0.5-8 years (mean 3.2 years) after replacement of mitral valves by xenobioprostheses. "Oxygen pulse" and cardiac index defined during exercise highly correlated with prosthetic mid-diastolic pressure gradients. A moderate correlation was found between dry erythrocytic mass and total pulmonary blood flow resistance. The findings may be useful for the early diagnosis of prosthetic dysfunctions.