Difference in symptom manifestation between postmenopausal and premenopausal women in acute uncomplicated cystitis: A multi-institutional pilot study.

Objectives: We aimed to prospectively compare lower urinary tract symptoms in premenopausal and postmenopausal women with acute uncomplicated cystitis before and after antibiotic therapy. Materials and methods: This study included adult women with acute uncomplicated cystitis who visited 4 institutions between 2019 and 2020. After registration, we administered oral antibiotics and prospectively documented the changes in lower urinary tract symptoms from the first visit to a follow-up visit at 1 week using the Core Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Score (CLSS) questionnaire. Results: After treatment, pyuria disappeared in 60 of the 66 patients (14 premenopausal and 46 postmenopausal). The CLSS total score (range) changed from 13 (3-29) to 4 (0-18) with a significant improvement in all CLSS items. At baseline, nocturia, urgency, and urgency incontinence were more prominent in postmenopausal women than in premenopausal women. In contrast, baseline urethral pain and quality of life index were more severe in premenopausal women than in postmenopausal women. After treatment, the CLSS total score was still higher in postmenopausal women, as reflected by the relatively higher scores for nocturia and urgency, irrespective of the comparable scores for urethral pain and the quality of life index in the 2 groups. Conclusions: Our results suggest that if storage symptoms persist, they should be carefully interpreted according to menopausal status.

Efficacy and safety of desmopressin orally disintegrating tablets 25 and 50 µg in male patients with nocturia: A Japanese real-world multicenter clinical study.

OBJECTIVES: To clarify Japanese real-world clinical data on the use of desmopressin 25 and 50 µg orally disintegrating tablets (ODT) for male patients with nocturia and evaluate the predictive factors to improve nighttime frequency. METHODS: We retrospectively accumulated real-world clinical data from 27 institutions in Japan. Male patients with two or more episodes of nocturia who received desmopressin ODT for nocturnal polyuria (NP) from 2019 through 2021 were included. The primary endpoint was the change of nighttime frequency until 3 months after desmopressin administration. The secondary endpoints were to clarify the persistence rate, adverse events, and predictive factors of decreasing nighttime frequency. RESULTS: A total of 118 patients were eligible to participate in this study. The persistence rate of desmopressin on the Kaplan-Meier curve at week 12 was 51.3. The reason for discontinuation was mainly the occurrence of adverse events in 67 patients (56.8%), particularly hyponatremia in 7 patients (5.9%). Nighttime frequencies at baseline, - 1 month and 1 - 3 months after desmopressin administration were 4.1 ± 1.3, 2.9 ± 1.4 (P < .01), and 2.6 ± 1.3 (P < .01), respectively. The mean nighttime urine volume voided at baseline was significantly larger in patients whose nighttime frequency decreased by two or more times than in those with a decrease of less than two times. CONCLUSIONS: Desmopressin 25 and 50 µg ODT treatments are feasible for male patients with NP in Japanese real-world clinical practice. Patients with higher voided volumes, particularly in the nighttime, may have great benefit from desmopressin.

A rare case of pyoderma gangrenosum occurring at the site of laparoscopic port following laparoscopic radical nephrectomy.

Introduction: Pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare dermatological disease associated with underlying inflammatory conditions. Case presentation: A 59-year-old man was diagnosed with right renal cancer cT1aN0M0 and laparoscopic right radical nephrectomy was performed. Five days after surgery, he had a high-grade fever, surgical site flare, and severe pain. At first, we diagnosed surgical site infection and wound dehiscence. Despite treatment for infection, his general condition and dermatological symptoms did not improve. Thereafter, a dermatologist advised us to perform a skin biopsy and blood culture examinations. Finally, the man was diagnosed with pyoderma gangrenosum according to the pathology of the skin biopsy and negative blood culture. After both intravenous administration of predonisolone and a topical corticosteroid, the high-grade fever and dermatological symptoms improved greatly. Conclusion: Although pyoderma gangrenosum is a rare disease, we should bear in mind the disease since the treatment strategy is completely different from that for surgical site infection.

[OPEN SURGICAL HEMOSTASIS FOLLOWING TRANSARTERIAL EMBOLIZATION (TAE) FOR RENAL INJURY AFTER EXTRACORPOREAL SHOCK WAVE LITHOTRIPSY (ESWL): A CASE REPORT].

We report a case of open surgical hemostasis following transarterial embolization (TAE) that failed to stabilize the hemodynamics for renal injury after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). A 48-year-old man presented with severe left renal colic pain 1 day after ESWL for a left renal stone. Computed tomography revealed arterial bleeding from the lower pole of the left kidney and retroperitoneal hematoma. TAE was successfully performed for the lower poler bleeding. However, we were unable to complete the procedure for bleeding from an aberrant artery to the lower pole of the kidney that was supplied directly from the aorta. Therefore, an emergency laparotomy was performed and the injury in the aberrant artery was manually ligated. Hemostasis was obtained after the direct surgical ligation and he had a good postoperative recovery. Open surgical hemostasis is a treatment modality that should be considered following TAE that fails to control arterial bleeding after ESWL.

Effect of a product on spontaneous droplet motion driven by a chemical reaction of surfactant.

We focus on the self-propelled motion of an oil droplet within an aqueous phase or an aqueous droplet within an oil phase, which originates from an interfacial chemical reaction of surfactant. The droplet motion has been explained by mathematical models, which require the assumption that the chemical reaction increases the interfacial tension. However, several experimental reports have demonstrated self-propelled motion with the chemical reaction decreasing the interfacial tension. Our motivation is to construct an improved mathematical model, which explains these experimental observations. In this process, we consider the concentrations of the reactant and product on the interface and of the reactant in the bulk. Our numerical calculations indicate that the droplet potentially moves in the cases of both an increase and a decrease in the interfacial tension. In addition, the reaction rate and size dependencies of the droplet speed observed in experiments were well reproduced using our model. These results indicate the potential of our model as a universal one for droplet motion.

Two cases of osteoblastic bone metastasis from muscle-invasive bladder cancer with discrepancy in response to chemotherapy: problems and limitations of bone biopsy.

We report two cases of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) with increasing multiple osteoblastic bone lesions but shrinking other lesions in response to chemotherapy. Case 1 had MIBC and received radical cystectomy followed by adjuvant gemcitabine plus cisplatin chemotherapy (GC). Three years after, follow computed tomography (CT) showed development of multiple lymph node metastasis, and then we performed GC as a first-line systemic chemotherapy. After two cycles of GC, CT showed de novo multiple osteoblastic lesions although metastatic lymph nodes were shrunk. Biopsy of the sternum revealed metastatic urothelial carcinoma. Case 2 had MIBC with multiple osteoblastic lesions on CT and bone scintigraphy, which was initially diagnosed as cT3bN0M1. After one cycle of GC, the number of osteoblastic lesions obviously increased although bladder tumor was regressed. Since the clinical course was unusual, biopsy of the clavicle was done. The histological diagnosis was benign osteoblastic bone disease, then the clinical diagnosis was revised to non-metastatic MIBC, and radical cystectomy was performed. Ten months after surgery, the patients complained worsening backache and CT showed increase in number of osteoblastic lesions. Eventually, ilium biopsy revealed bone metastasis of urothelial carcinoma. In case of atypical finding and unusual clinical course, biopsy of suspected metastatic lesion may be informative although adequate sampling should be secured.

A rare case of suspected intravascular large B-cell lymphoma forming nodular masses in the brain and around the prostate and seminal vesicle.

Intravascular large B-cell lymphoma (IVLBCL) is a rare subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). Furthermore, tumorigenesis is extremely rare. An 80-year-old man was admitted to our hospital with nervous symptoms. Imaging tests showed a brain tumor and mass lesions in the seminal vesicle and retroperitoneum. Transrectal biopsy of the seminal vesicle helped diagnose the patient with DLBCL. The patient's general status deteriorated rapidly, and he died on the 23rd day after admission. An autopsy was performed and the pathological diagnosis was DLBCL, specifically suspected as IVLBCL, with nodular masses in the brain and seminal vesicle.