A portable smartphone-based colorimetric sensor that utilizes dual amplification for the on-site detection of airborne bacteria.

Over the past few years, infections caused by airborne pathogens have spread worldwide, infecting several people and becoming an increasingly severe threat to public health. Therefore, there is an urgent need for developing airborne pathogen monitoring technology for use in confined environments to enable epidemic prevention. In this study, we designed a colorimetry-based bacterial detection platform that uses a clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat-associated protein 12a system to amplify signals and a urease enzyme to induce color changes. Furthermore, we have developed a smartphone application that can distinguish colors under different illumination conditions based on the HSV model and detect three types of disease-causing bacteria. Even synthetic oligomers of a few picomoles of concentration and genomic DNA of airborne bacteria smaller than several nanograms can be detected with the naked eye and using color analysis systems. Furthermore, in the air capture model system, the bacterial sample generated approximately a 2-fold signal difference compared with that in the control group. This colorimetric detection method can be widely applied for public safety because it is easy to use and does not require complex equipment.

Conductive Thread-Based Immunosensor for Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Detection.

Infectious agents such as viruses pose significant threats to human health, being transmitted via direct contact as well as airborne transmission without direct contact, thus requiring rapid detection to prevent the spread of infectious diseases. In this study, we developed a conductive thread-based immunosensor (CT-IS), a biosensor to easily detect the presence of airborne viruses. CT-IS utilizes an antibody that specifically recognizes the HA protein of the pandemic influenza A (pH1N1) virus, which is incorporated into the conductive thread. The antigen-antibody interaction results in increased strain on the conductive thread in the presence of the pH1N1 virus, resulting in increased electrical resistance of the CT-IS. We evaluated the performance of this sensor using the HA protein and the pH1N1 virus, in addition to samples from patients infected with the pH1N1 virus. We observed a significant change in resistance in the pH1N1-infected patient samples (positive: n = 11, negative: n = 9), whereas negligible change was observed in the control samples (patients not infected with the pH1N1 virus; negative). Hence, the CT-IS is a lightweight fiber-type sensor that can be used as a wearable biosensor by combining it with textiles, to detect the pH1N1 virus in a person's vicinity.

Association of Physical Activity With Risk of Liver Fibrosis, Sarcopenia, and Cardiovascular Disease in Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: International guidelines recommend physical activity for subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study investigated the association of physical activity with risk of liver fibrosis, sarcopenia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in NAFLD. METHODS: In this multicenter, retrospective study, 11,690 NAFLD subjects who underwent a health screening program and were assessed for physical activity (metabolic equivalent task [MET]-min/week) between 2014 and 2020 were recruited. Liver fibrosis was assessed by using the fibrosis-4 index, NAFLD fibrosis score, and FibroScan-AST score, sarcopenia by using multi-frequency bioelectric impedance analysis, and CVD risk by using atherosclerotic CVD (ASCVD) risk score, and coronary artery calcium (CAC) score were calculated. RESULTS: The prevalence of fibrosis, sarcopenia, high probability of ASCVD, and high CAC score significantly decreased with increasing quartiles of physical activity (all P for trend <.001). In a fully adjusted model, physical activity above 600 MET-min/week (≥third quartile) was independently associated with a reduced risk of fibrosis (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] = 0.59; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.40-0.86), sarcopenia (aOR = 0.72; 95% CI, 0.58-0.88), high probability of ASCVD (aOR = 0.58; 95% CI, 0.46-0.73), and high CAC score (aOR = 0.32; 95% CI, 0.13-0.83; all P <.05). In addition, increasing amounts of physical activity were significantly associated with risk reduction between fibrosis, sarcopenia, and high probability of ASCVD (all P for trend <.001). In subjects with sarcopenic obesity or lean NAFLD, physical activity was also independently associated with reduced risk of fibrosis and high probability of ASCVD (all P <.05). CONCLUSIONS: Physical activity showed a protective effect against fibrosis, sarcopenia, and CVD in NAFLD.

The anti-cancerous activity of adaptogenic herb Astragalus membranaceus.

BACKGROUND: Cancer is the most dreadful disease increasing rapidly causing an economic burden globally. A standardized chemotherapy regimen planned with curative intent weakens the immune system and damages healthy cells making the patient prone to infections and severe side effects with pain and fatigue. PURPOSE: Astragalus membranaceus (AM) has a long history of use in the treatment of severe adverse diseases. For thousands of years, it has been used in mixed herbal decoctions for the treatment of cancer. Due to growing interest in this plant root for its application to treat various types of cancers and tumors, has attracted researcher's interest. METHOD: The literature search was done from core collections of electronic databases such as Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed and Science Direct using keywords given below and terms like pharmacological and phytochemical details of this plant. OUTCOME: Astragalus membranaceus has demonstrated the ability to modulate the immune system during drug therapy making the patient physically fit and prolonged life. It has become a buzzword of herbalists as it is one of the best of seven important adaptogenic herbs with a protective effect against chronic stress and cancer. It demonstrated significant amelioration of the perilous toxic effects induced by concurrently administered chemo onco-drugs. CONCLUSION: The natural phytoconstituents of this plant formononetin, astragalus polysaccharide, and astragalosides which show high potential anti-cancerous activity are studied and discussed in detail. One of them are used in clinical trials to overcome cancer related fatigue. Overall, this review aims to provide an insight into Astragalus membranaceus status in cancer therapy.

Fabrication of Carbon Disulfide Added Colloidal Gold Colorimetric Sensor for the Rapid and On-Site Detection of Biogenic Amines.

Meat is often wasted due to the perceived concerns of its shelf life and preservation. Specifically, in meat formation, biogenic amines (BAs) are the major agents to spoil them. Herein, we have developed a carbon disulfide (CS2) added colloidal gold nanoparticles-based colorimetric sensor for the rapid and on-site detection of biogenic amines. Transmission electron microscopy is used to observe the morphological changes in colloidal gold nanoparticles and aggregation behavior of CS2 added to the colloidal gold nanoparticles' solution. Raman spectroscopic analysis is further used to characterize the peaks of CS2, Cad and CS2-Cad molecules. Absorption spectroscopy is used to estimate the colorimetric differences and diffuse reflectance spectra of the samples. The sensing analysis is performed systematically in the presence and absence of CS2. CS2 added colloidal gold nanoparticles colorimetric sensor detected the BAs with a limit of detection (LOD) value of 50.00 µM. Furthermore, the developed sensor has shown an LOD of 50.00 µM for the detection of multiple BAs at a single time. The observed differences in the colorimetric and absorption signals indicate that the structure of BAs is converted to the dithiocarbamate (DTC)-BA molecule, due to the chemical reactions between the amine groups of BAs and CS2. Significantly, the developed colorimetric sensor offers distinct features such as facile fabrication approach, on-site sensing strategy, rapid analysis, visual detection, cost-effective, possibility of mass production, availability to detect multiple BAs at a single time and appreciable sensitivity. The developed sensor can be effectively used as a promising and alternative on-site tool for the estimation of BAs.

Silver grass-derived activated carbon with coexisting micro-, meso- and macropores as excellent bioanodes for microbial colonization and power generation in sustainable microbial fuel cells.

In this study, highly biocompatible three-dimensional hierarchically porous activated carbon from the low-cost silver grass (Miscanthus sacchariflorus) has been fabricated through a facile carbonization approach and tested it as bioanode in microbial fuel cell (MFC) using Escherichia coli as biocatalyst. This silver grass-derived activated carbon (SGAC) exhibited an unprecedented specific surface area of 3027 m2 g-1 with the coexistence of several micro-, meso-, and macropores. The synergistic effect from pore structure (macropores - hosting E. coli to form biofilm and facilitates internal mass transfer; mesopores - favors fast electron transfer; and micropores - promotes nutrient transport to the biofilm) with very high surface area facilitates excellent extracellular electron transfer (EET) between the anode and biofilm which resulted in higher power output of 963 mW cm-2. Based on superior biocompatibility, low cost, environment-friendliness, and facile fabrication, the proposed SGAC bioanode could have a great potential for high-performance and cost-effective sustainable MFCs.

Development of a Cuvette-Based LSPR Sensor Chip Using a Plasmonically Active Transparent Strip.

This research demonstrates the development of a transmission-mode localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor chip using a cuvette cell system for the sensitive detection of a biomolecule marker such as C-reactive protein (CRP). In order to develop a highly sensitive LSPR sensor chip, plasmonically active gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were decorated onto various transparent substrates in the form of a uniform, high-density single layer using a self-assembly process. The transparent substrate surface was modified with amine functional groups via (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) treatment, and the ligand concentration and temperature (0.5% APTES at 60°C) were then optimized to control the binding energy with AuNPs. The optimized plasmonically active strip was subsequently prepared by dipping the amine-functionalized substrate into AuNPs for 8 h. The optimized plasmonic strip functionalized with anti-CRP was transformed into a portable LSPR sensor chip by placing it inside a cuvette cell system, and its detection performance was evaluated using CRP as a model sample. The detection limit for CRP using our LSPR sensor chip was 0.01 µg/mL, and the detection dynamic range was 0.01-10 µg/mL with a %CV of <10%, thus confirming its selectivity and good reproducibility. These findings illustrate that the highly sensitive portable LSPR biosensor developed in this study is expected to be widely used in a diverse range of fields such as diagnosis, medical care, environmental monitoring, and food quality control.

Erratum: Cuvette-Type LSPR Sensor for Highly Sensitive Detection of Melamine in Infant Formulas. Sensors 2018, 19(18), 3839.

The authors wish to make the following erratum to this paper [...].

Cuvette-Type LSPR Sensor for Highly Sensitive Detection of Melamine in Infant Formulas.

The globalization of food distribution has made necessary to secure safe products to the general consumers through the rapid detection of harmful additives on the field. For this purpose, we developed a cuvette-type localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) sensor that can be easily used by consumers with conventional ultraviolet-visible light spectrophotometer for in-situ measurements. Gold nanoparticles were uniformly deposited on a transparent substrate via a self-assembly method to obtain a plasmonically active chip, and the chemical receptor p-nitroaniline (p-NA) was functionalized to stabilize the device sensitivity under external temperature and pH conditions. The fabricated chip was fixed onto a support and combined with a cuvette-type LSPR sensor. To evaluate the applicability of this sensor on the field, sensitivity and quantitative analysis experiments were conducted onto melamine as a model sample from harmful food additives. Under optimal reaction condition (2 mM p-NA for 20 min), we achieved an excellent detection limit (0.01 ppb) and a dynamic range allowing quantitative analysis over a wide concentration range (0.1-1000 ppb) from commercially available milk powder samples.

Shape-controlled assemblies of graphitic carbon nitride polymer for efficient sterilization therapies of water microbial contamination via 2D g-C3N4 under visible light illumination.

Bacterial pathogens of water origin have potential public threats thus suggesting the need of developing efficient and sustainable water disinfection strategies from waterborne pathogens. We set out to synthesize different controlled morphologies of graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) polymer, evaluate their comparative effects on the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and investigate potential applications in water purification systems. Characterization of the synthesized microstructures of g-C3N4, such as melamine-cyanuric acid (MCA)-based rosette-type, rod-type, 2D hexagonal, and 3D cubic mesoporous silica was accomplished using Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffractometry (XRD), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The microbial inhibitory potential of 2D g-C3N4 photocatalyst against waterborne Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhimurium was evaluated based on the effective activity of 2D g-C3N4 upon visible light excitations. The microbicidal efficiency of 2D g-C3N4 was evident within 30 min of visible light exposure via direct interaction, while other microstructures of g-C3N4 demonstrated only slight antimicrobial effects after 120 min, with insufficient ROS generation. The antimicrobial and ROS-generating effects of 2D g-C3N4 depended on the type and surface area of the synthesized 2D g-C3N4 material. Considering its availability and excellent disinfection activity, 2D g-C3N4 obtained from simple and convenient facile synthesis is a promising solar-driven photocatalyst for clearing microbial contamination from water.

Efficient electron-mediated electrochemical biosensor of gold wire for the rapid detection of C-reactive protein: A predictive strategy for heart failure.

C-reactive protein (CRP) is considered a promising biomarker for the rapid and high-throughput real-time monitoring of cardiovascular disease and inflammation in unprocessed clinical samples. Implementation of this monitoring would enable various transformative biomedical applications. We have fabricated a highly specific sensor chip to detect CRP with a detection limit of 2.25 fg/mL. The protein was immobilized on top of a gold (Au) wire/polycarbonate (PC) substrate using 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylamino-propyl) carbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxy succinimide-activated 3-mercaptoproponic acid (MPA) as a self-assembled monolayer agent and bovine serum albumin (BSA) as a blocking agent. In contrast to the bare PC substrate, the CRP/BSA/anti-CRP/MPA/Au substrate exhibited a considerably high electrochemical signal toward CRP. The influence of the experimental parameters on CRP detection was assessed via various analysis methods, and these parameters were then optimized. The linear dynamic range of the CRP was 5-220 fg/mL for voltammetric and impedance analysis. Morever, the strategy exhibited high selectivity against various potential interfering species and was capable of directly probing trace amounts of the target CRP in human serum with excellent selectivity. The analytical assay based on the CRP/BSA/anti-CRP/MPA/Au substrate could be exploited as a potentially useful tool for detecting CRP in clinical samples.

Antioxidant and antimicrobial efficacy of a biflavonoid, amentoflavone from Nandina domestica in vitro and in minced chicken meat and apple juice food models.

A biflavonoid, amentoflavone isolated from Nandina domestica and characterized by NMR spectral-data analyses was assessed for its antioxidant, and antibacterial potential in vitro and in food-model systems. Amentoflavone exhibited potent antioxidant ability (19.21-75.52%) on scavenging DPPH, ABTS, superoxide, and hydroxyl radicals. Fluorescent images confirmed bacterial membrane depolarization of both the tested pathogens Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, with a significant reduction in cell viabilities at their respective MIC of 62.5 and 125 µg/mL. Increasing rates of membrane permeability observed in 260 nm-absorbing material, potassium ion, extracellular ATP, and relative electrical conductivity assays confirmed antibacterial mechanistic role of amentoflavone as also evidenced by microscopic studies of SEM and TEM. There was a marked inhibitory effect of amentoflavone with a significant reduction in cell counts of S. aureus and E. coli in minced chicken and apple juice at 4 °C, thus suggesting its nutritional enhancing efficacy as a natural antioxidant and antimicrobial agent.

Visible-light-driven dynamic cancer therapy and imaging using graphitic carbon nitride nanoparticles.

Organic graphitic carbon nitride nanoparticles (NP-g-CN), less than 30 nm in size, were synthesized and evaluated for photodynamic therapy (PDT) and cell imaging applications. NP-g-CN particles were prepared through an intercalation process using a rod-like melamine-cyanuric acid adduct (MCA) as the molecular precursor and a eutectic mixture of LiCl-KCl (45:55 wt%) as the reaction medium for polycondensation. The nano-dimensional NP-g-CN penetrated the malignant tumor cells with minimal hindrance and effectively generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) under visible light irradiation, which could ablate cancer cells. When excited by visible light irradiation (λ > 420 nm), NP-g-CN introduced to HeLa and cos-7 cells generated a significant amount of ROS and killed the cancerous cells selectively. The cytotoxicity of NP-g-CN was manipulated by altering the light irradiation and the BP-g-CN caused more damage to the cancer cells than normal cells at low concentrations. As a potential non-toxic organic nanomaterial, the synthesized NP-g-CN are biocompatible with less cytotoxicity than toxic inorganic materials. The combined effects of the high efficacy of ROS generation under visible light irradiation, low toxicity, and bio-compatibility highlight the potential of NP-g-CN for PDT and imaging without further modification.

One-Pot Synthesis of Magnesium Aminoclay-Titanium Dioxide Nanocomposites for Improved Photocatalytic Performance.

TiO2 nanoparticles (NPs) with their excellent photocatalytic performance are among the hottest research subjects for environmental-cleanup applications. In the present work, we developed a method of one-pot synthesis of magnesium aminoclay-titanium dioxide [MgAC-TiO2] nanocomposites in ethanol solution and then treated the obtained nanocomposites in a 350 °C muffle furnace for 3 hours. The obtained X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns confirmed the growth of the anatase TiO2 NPs in the amorphous MgAC phase. In the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) morphological observation, the MgAC-TiO2 nanocomposites exhibited an aggregate form of 246.59 ± 54.20 nm diameter. The synthesis condition entailing loading of 0.3 g MgAC and 5 mL titanium butoxide (TB) (denoted as MgAC [0.3 g]-TiO2 in 40 mL ethanol solution displayed the largest BET surface area, 234.91 m2/g, as well as the largest pore size and pore volume, 6.7131 nm and 0.3942 cm3/g, respectively. Also, MgAC [0.3 g]-TiO2 showed the best photocatalytic performance for methylene blue (MB) on the batch scale under 365 nm wavelength irradiation: a degradation constant rate of 0.0293 min-1, which was ~20-times-better photocatalytic activity than commercial P25. On the pilot scale (100 L), the MgAC [0.3 g]-TiO2 nanocomposite took only ~12 hours to degrade almost MB at 10 ppm concentration. The mechanism of this high photocatalytic activity was determined to be the high rate of adsorption of both MgAC and oxygen vacancies in the anatase phase coupled with the retardation of the rate of recombination of electrons and holes in the TiO2 NPs, the latter proved by photoluminescent quenching tests.

Crab-Shell Biotemplated SnO2 Composite Anodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries.

SnO2 composite materials infiltrated into the hollow carbon channels of a crab-shell biotemplate were hydrothermally synthesized and utilized as anodes for lithium-ion batteries. Varying the reaction temperatures and times of the hydrothermal reaction yielded different SnO2 nanoparticle shapes, characterized by scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The materials prepared at 100 °C (sample S100) were spherical, amorphous in nature, and successfully infiltrated into the hollow carbon channels, while those prepared at 180 °C (sample S180) yielded many rod-like particles on the outer surfaces of the channels. The S100 electrode exhibited better cyclability, corresponding to a capacity of 298 mAh g-1 at 100 cycles, and high rate capability with a capacity retention of 54% at 3 A g-1. The enhanced electrochemical performance of S100 could be attributed to the configuration of the SnO2 particles infiltrating the carbon-coated hollow channels, which accommodated large volume changes during (de)lithiation.

Heteroassembled gold nanoparticles with sandwich-immunoassay LSPR chip format for rapid and sensitive detection of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg).

This study aimed to develop a more sensitive method for the detection of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) using heteroassembled gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). A single layered localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) chip format was developed with antigen-antibody reaction-based detection symmetry using AuNPs, which detected HBsAg at 10 pg/mL. To further improve the detection limit, a modified detection format was fabricated by fixing a secondary antibody (to form a heteroassembled sandwich format) to the AuNP monolayer, which enhanced the detection sensitivity by about 100 times. The developed heteroassembled AuNPs sandwich-immunoassay LSPR chip format was able to detect as little as 100 fg/mL of HBsAg within 10-15 min. In addition, the heteroassembled AuNPs sandwich-immunoassay LSPR chip format did not show any non-specific binding to other tested antigens, including alpha fetoprotein (AFP), C-reactive protein (CRP), and prostate-specific antigen (PSA). These findings confirm that the proposed detection strategy of heteroassembled AuNPs sandwich-immunoassay LSPR chip format may provide a new platform for early diagnosis of various human diseases.

Nano-graphene oxide composite for in vivo imaging.

INTRODUCTION: Positron emission tomography (PET) tracers has the potential to revolutionize cancer imaging and diagnosis. PET tracers offer non-invasive quantitative imaging in biotechnology and biomedical applications, but it requires radioisotopes as radioactive imaging tracers or radiopharmaceuticals. METHOD: This paper reports the synthesis of 18F-nGO-PEG by covalently functionalizing PEG with nano-graphene oxide, and its excellent stability in physiological solutions. Using a green synthesis route, nGO is then functionalized with a biocompatible PEG polymer to acquire high stability in PBS and DMEM. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The radiochemical safety of 18F-nGO-PEG was measured by a reactive oxygen species and cell viability test. The biodistribution of 18F-nGO-PEG could be observed easily by PET, which suggested the significantly high sensitivity tumor uptake of 18F-nGO-PEG and in a tumor bearing CT-26 mouse compared to the control. 18F-nGO-PEG was applied successfully as an efficient radiotracer or drug agent in vivo using PET imaging. This article is expected to assist many researchers in the fabrication of 18F-labeled graphene-based bio-conjugates with high reproducibility for applications in the biomedicine field.

Selection of affinity peptides for interference-free detection of cholera toxin.

Cholera toxin is a major virulent agent of Vibrio cholerae, and it can rapidly lead to severe dehydration, shock, causing death within hours without appropriate clinical treatments. In this study, we present a method wherein unique and short peptides that bind to cholera toxin subunit B (CTX-B) were selected through M13 phage display. Biopanning over recombinant CTX-B led to rapid screening of a unique peptide with an amino acid sequence of VQCRLGPPWCAK, and the phage-displayed peptides analyzed using ELISA, were found to show specific affinities towards CTX-B. To address the use of affinity peptides in development of the biosensor, sequences of newly selected peptides were modified and chemically synthesized to create a series of affinity peptides. Performance of the biosensor was studied using plasmonic-based optical techniques: localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The limit of detection (LOD) obtained by LSPR with 3σ-rule was 1.89ng/mL, while SERS had a LOD of 3.51pg/mL. In both cases, the sensitivity was much higher than the previously reported values, and our sensor system was specific towards actual CTX-B secreted from V. cholera, but not for CTX-AB5.

Development of gold nanoparticle-aptamer-based LSPR sensing chips for the rapid detection of Salmonella typhimurium in pork meat.

A non-labeled, portable plasmonic biosensor-based device was developed to enable the ultra-sensitive and selective detection of Salmonella typhimurium in pork meat samples. Specifically, a plasmonic sensor, using the self-assembly of gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) to achieve a regulated diameter of 20 nm for the AuNP monolayers, was used to conduct high-density deposition on a transparent substrate, which produced longitudinal wavelength extinction shifts via a localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) signal. The developed aptamers conjugated to the LSPR sensing chips revealed an ultra-sensitive upper limit of detection (LOD) of approximately 104 cfu/mL for S. typhimurium in pure culture under the optimal assay conditions, with a total analysis time of 30-35 min. When the LSPR sensing chips were applied on artificially contaminated pork meat samples, S. typhimurium in the spiked pork meat samples was also detected at an LOD of 1.0 × 104 cfu/mL. The developed method could detect S. typhimurium in spiked pork meat samples without a pre-enrichment step. Additionally, the LSPR sensing chips developed against S. typhimurium were not susceptible to any effect of the food matrix or background contaminant microflora. These findings confirmed that the developed gold nanoparticle-aptamer-based LSPR sensing chips could facilitate sensitive detection of S. typhimurium in food samples.

Cesium-induced inhibition of bacterial growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAO1 and their possible potential applications for bioremediation of wastewater.

Radioactive isotopes and fission products have attracted considerable attention because of their long lasting serious damage to the health of humans and other organisms. This study examined the toxicity and accumulation behavior of cesium towards P. aeruginosa PAO1 and its capacity to remove cesium from waste water. Interestingly, the programmed bacterial growth inhibition occurred according to the cesium environment. The influence of cesium was analyzed using several optical methods for quantitative evaluation. Cesium plays vital role in the growth of microorganisms and functions as an anti-microbial agent. The toxicity of Cs to P. aeruginosa PAO1 increases as the concentration of cesium is increased in concentration-dependent manner. P. aeruginosa PAO1 shows excellent Cs removal efficiency of 76.1% from the contaminated water. The toxicity of cesium on the cell wall and in the cytoplasm were studied by transmission electron microscopy and electron dispersive X-ray analysis. Finally, the removal of cesium from wastewater using P. aeruginosa PAO1 as a potential biosorbent and the blocking of competitive interactions of other monovalent cation, such as potassium, were assessed. Overall, P. aeruginosa PAO1 can be used as a high efficient biomaterial in the field of radioactive waste disposal and management.