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1.
Aust Dent J ; 65(1): 96-99, 2020 03.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31659747

RESUMO

Intracranial abscess is a rare but life-threatening disease. There have been no reports on intracranial abscess induced by the residual primary tooth and the impacted successive permanent tooth with infection. We report on an interesting case of a 29-year-old man suffering from an epidural abscess, potentially caused by an infection of the residual primary maxillary right canine and the impacted permanent maxillary right canine. The patient recovered completely after prolonged antibiotic treatment and extraction of both of the suspected teeth. Fusobacterium sp. was isolated from the culture of a peripheral blood sample. This case alerts us to realize that the lack of suitable and timely intervention in oral conditions might produce a harmful effect on general health.


Assuntos
Abscesso , Dente Impactado , Adulto , Dente Canino/diagnóstico por imagem , Humanos , Masculino , Maxila , Dente Decíduo
2.
Mol Oral Microbiol ; 32(2): 131-141, 2017 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27004566

RESUMO

Streptococcus mutans, the primary etiologic agent of dental caries, can gain access to the bloodstream and has been associated with cardiovascular disease. However, the roles of S. mutans in inflammation in cardiovascular disease remain unclear. The aim of this study was to examine cytokine production induced by S. mutans in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) and to evaluate the participation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and cytoplasmic nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD) -like receptors in HAECs. Cytokine production by HAECs was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and the expression of TLRs and NOD-like receptors was evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction, flow cytometry and immunocytochemistry. The involvement of TLR2 and NOD2 in cytokine production by invaded HAECs was examined using RNA interference. The invasion efficiencies of S. mutans strains were evaluated by means of antibiotic protection assays. Five of six strains of S. mutans of various serotypes induced interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production by HAECs. All S. mutans strains upregulated TLR2 and NOD2 mRNA levels in HAECs. Streptococcus mutans Xc upregulated the intracellular TLR2 and NOD2 protein levels in HAECs. Silencing of the TLR2 and NOD2 genes in HAECs invaded by S. mutans Xc led to a reduction in interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 production. Cytokine production induced by invasive S. mutans via intracellular TLR2 and NOD2 in HAECs may be associated with inflammation in cardiovascular disease.


Assuntos
Aorta/microbiologia , Citocinas/biossíntese , Células Endoteliais/microbiologia , Endotélio Vascular/microbiologia , Mediadores da Inflamação/imunologia , Proteína Adaptadora de Sinalização NOD2/imunologia , Streptococcus mutans/imunologia , Receptor 2 Toll-Like/imunologia , Aorta/citologia , Aorta/imunologia , Citocinas/imunologia , Células Endoteliais/imunologia , Endotélio Vascular/citologia , Humanos , Boca/microbiologia , Proteína Adaptadora de Sinalização NOD2/biossíntese , Transdução de Sinais , Streptococcus mutans/patogenicidade , Receptor 2 Toll-Like/biossíntese , Regulação para Cima
3.
Mol Oral Microbiol ; 28(6): 425-34, 2013 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23906425

RESUMO

Fusobacterium nucleatum acts as an intermediate between early and late colonizers in the oral cavity. In this study, we showed that F. nucleatum subsp. polymorphum can bind to a salivary component with a molecular weight of approximately 110 kDa and identified the protein and another major factor of 55 kDa, as salivary α-amylase by time-of-flight mass spectrometry and immuno-reactions. Salivary α-amylase is present in both monomeric and dimeric forms and we found that formation of the dimer depends on copper ions. The F. nucleatum adhered to both monomeric and dimeric salivary α-amylases, but the numbers of bacteria bound to the dimeric form were more than those bound to the monomeric form. The degree of adherence of F. nucleatum to four α-amylases from different sources was almost the same, however its binding to ß-amylase was considerably decreased. Among four α-amylase inhibitors tested, acarbose and type 1 and 3 inhibitors derived from wheat flour showed significant activity against the adhesion of F.nucleatum to monomeric and dimeric amylases, however voglibose had little effect. Moreover F. nucleatum cells inhibited the enzymatic activity of salivary α-amylase in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that F. nucleatum plays more important and positive role as an early colonizer for maturation of oral microbial colonization.


Assuntos
Aderência Bacteriana/fisiologia , Fusobacterium nucleatum/metabolismo , alfa-Amilases Salivares/metabolismo , Acarbose/farmacologia , Enzimas Imobilizadas , Infecções por Fusobacterium/prevenção & controle , Fusobacterium nucleatum/fisiologia , Inibidores de Glicosídeo Hidrolases/farmacologia , Humanos , Inositol/análogos & derivados , Inositol/farmacologia , Doenças Periodontais/prevenção & controle , Saliva/enzimologia , alfa-Amilases Salivares/antagonistas & inibidores , beta-Amilase/metabolismo
4.
Mol Oral Microbiol ; 27(4): 295-307, 2012 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22759314

RESUMO

Streptococcus oralis, belonging to the oral viridans group streptococci, has been detected in human cardiovascular lesions including infective endocarditis and atheromatous plaques. The organism has coaggregation receptor polysaccharides (RPS) on the cell wall, which function as receptors for surface adhesins on other members of the oral biofilm community. The present study examined the capacity of S. oralis RPS to induce inflammatory responses in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs). Purified RPS was used to stimulate HAECs, and the induction of cytokines, adhesion molecules and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) was examined. Involvement of RPS in HAEC invasion by S. oralis was also examined. RPS-stimulated HAECs produced more cytokines (interleukin-6, interleukin-8 and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 than non-stimulated HAECs. The messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of cytokines and adhesion molecules in RPS-stimulated HAECs increased markedly compared with that in non-stimulated HAECs. Upregulation of TLR-2 mRNA expression was demonstrated in RPS-stimulated HAECs. Moreover, TLR-2 mRNA expression and cytokine production were reduced by the incubation of HAECs with inhibitors against p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase and nuclear factor-κB. An RPS-defective mutant of S. oralis showed greater invasion into HAECs than an RPS-possessing strain. However, HAECs invaded by the RPS-defective mutant produced less cytokines than HAECs invaded by the RPS-possessing strain, indicating that RPS can stimulate HAECs intracellularly. These results suggest that S. oralis RPS may be an important contributor to the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases such as infective endocarditis and atherosclerosis.


Assuntos
Moléculas de Adesão Celular/biossíntese , Endocardite Bacteriana/microbiologia , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Placa Aterosclerótica/microbiologia , Polissacarídeos Bacterianos/metabolismo , Streptococcus oralis/metabolismo , Aortite/microbiologia , Aderência Bacteriana , Células Cultivadas , Citocinas/biossíntese , Células Endoteliais/microbiologia , Endotélio Vascular/citologia , Endotélio Vascular/microbiologia , Células Epiteliais/microbiologia , Humanos , Streptococcus oralis/imunologia , Receptor 2 Toll-Like/biossíntese
5.
Mol Oral Microbiol ; 26(6): 353-64, 2011 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22053963

RESUMO

The interaction of microorganisms with fibronectin plays an important role in infective endocarditis. Granulicatella adiacens is a member of the oral microbiota, formerly known as nutritionally variant streptococci, and is often isolated from endocarditis patients. In the present study we identified a surface protein, designated Cha, which binds to fibronectin, by a plaque hybridization procedure using the cshA sequence as probe, which encodes a fibronectin-binding molecule of Streptococcus gordonii DL1. The cha sequence was highly homologous to cshA and encoded a product of 2351 amino acid residues. The protein comprised a unique sequence in the N-terminal half region. The C-terminal region contained nine complete, and one incomplete, 115-amino acid residue repeat blocks. Among eight strains of nutritionally variant streptococci, three G. adiacens strains and one Abiotrophia defectiva strain carried the cha gene. Heterologous expression studies suggested that Cha adhered to immobilized fibronectin, and that this function was located in the unique region. Recombinant Cha protein also adhered to immobilize fibronectin and partially inhibited adherence of G. adiacens to fibronectin in a dose-dependent manner. These results suggest that Cha is a cell surface protein that mediates adherence of G. adiacens to fibronectin.


Assuntos
Adesinas Bacterianas/análise , Fibronectinas/análise , Streptococcus/classificação , Abiotrophia/genética , Adesinas Bacterianas/genética , Animais , Aderência Bacteriana , Sequência Conservada/genética , Feminino , Fibronectinas/genética , Regulação Bacteriana da Expressão Gênica , Vida Livre de Germes , Proteínas Imobilizadas , Lactobacillus/genética , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Microscopia de Fluorescência , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Proteínas Recombinantes , Sequências Repetitivas de Ácido Nucleico/genética , Streptococcus/genética
6.
Mol Oral Microbiol ; 26(3): 221-7, 2011 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21545699

RESUMO

Streptococcus anginosus, an anginosus group bacterium, is frequently isolated from odontogenic abscesses, and is the oral bacterium that is primarily responsible for producing hydrogen sulfide from l-cysteine through the action of its l-cysteine desulfhydrase (ßC-S lyase) enzyme. However, the relationship between its production of hydrogen sulfide and abscess formation has not been investigated. To elucidate the etiological role of hydrogen sulfide in abscess formation, we initially measured, using specific primers, expression of the lcd gene, which encodes ßC-S lyase, in the pus of abscesses that formed in BALB/c mice following subcutaneous injection of S. anginosus into the dorsa. Expression of lcd was >15-fold higher when l-cysteine was present than when it was absent. A mouse virulence assay revealed that the mean diameter of abscesses caused by S. anginosus FW73 plus l-cysteine was greater than that of abscesses caused by S. anginosus FW73 in the absence of l-cysteine. These findings demonstrate that the lcd gene of S. anginosus is upregulated in mouse abscesses and that hydrogen sulfide, the product of a reaction catalyzed by ßC-S lyase, plays an etiological role in odontogenic abscess formation.


Assuntos
Abscesso/enzimologia , Cistationina gama-Liase/metabolismo , Infecções Estreptocócicas/enzimologia , Streptococcus anginosus/enzimologia , Abscesso/etiologia , Animais , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Técnicas Bacteriológicas , Cistationina gama-Liase/genética , Cisteína/metabolismo , DNA Girase/genética , Regulação Enzimológica da Expressão Gênica/genética , Humanos , Sulfeto de Hidrogênio/metabolismo , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase Via Transcriptase Reversa , Dermatopatias Bacterianas/microbiologia , Streptococcus anginosus/patogenicidade , Supuração , Língua/microbiologia , Regulação para Cima , Virulência
7.
Mol Oral Microbiol ; 26(1): 78-88, 2011 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21214874

RESUMO

Oral viridans group streptococci are the major commensal bacteria of the supragingival oral biofilm and have been detected in human atheromatous plaque. Atherosclerosis involves an ongoing inflammatory response, reportedly involving chronic infection caused by multiple pathogens. The aim of this study was to examine the invasion of human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs) by oral viridans group streptococci and the subsequent cytokine production by viable invaded HAECs. The invasion of HAECs by bacteria was examined using antibiotic protection assays and was visualized by confocal scanning laser microscopy. The inhibitory effects of catalase and cytochalasin D on the invasion of HAECs were also examined. The production of cytokines by invaded or infected HAECs was determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays, and a real-time polymerase chain reaction method was used to evaluate the expression of cytokine messenger RNA. The oral streptococci tested were capable of invading HAECs. The number of invasive bacteria increased with the length of the co-culture period. After a certain co-culture period, some organisms were cytotoxic to the HAECs. Catalase and cytochalasin D inhibited the invasion of HAECs by the organism. HAECs invaded by Streptococcus mutans Xc, Streptococcus gordonii DL1 (Challis), Streptococcus gordonii ATCC 10558 and Streptococcus salivarius ATCC 13419 produced more cytokine(s) (interleukin-6, interleukin-8, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1) than non-invaded HAECs. The HAECs invaded by S. mutans Xc produced the largest amounts of cytokines, and the messenger RNA expression of cytokines by invaded HAECs increased markedly compared with that by non-invaded HAECs. These results suggest that oral streptococci may participate in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.


Assuntos
Aorta/microbiologia , Citocinas/biossíntese , Células Endoteliais/microbiologia , Endotélio Vascular/microbiologia , Mediadores da Inflamação/metabolismo , Boca/microbiologia , Estreptococos Viridans/fisiologia , Aorta/citologia , Aterosclerose/microbiologia , Catalase/farmacologia , Células Cultivadas , Quimiocina CCL2/biossíntese , Técnicas de Cocultura , Citocalasina D/farmacologia , Células Endoteliais/imunologia , Endotélio Vascular/citologia , Humanos , Interleucina-6/biossíntese , Interleucina-8/biossíntese , Microscopia Confocal , Streptococcus/fisiologia , Streptococcus anginosus/fisiologia , Streptococcus gordonii/fisiologia , Streptococcus intermedius/fisiologia , Streptococcus mitis/fisiologia , Streptococcus mutans/fisiologia , Streptococcus oralis/fisiologia , Estreptococos Viridans/efeitos dos fármacos , Estreptococos Viridans/imunologia , Virulência
8.
Int J Dent Hyg ; 7(2): 121-5, 2009 May.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19416094

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to detect the opportunistic bacteria and fungi from the oral cavities of orthodontic patients and examine the ability of the organisms to adhere to saliva-coated metallic brackets. METHODS: Opportunistic bacteria and fungi were isolated from 58 patients (orthodontic group: 42; non-orthodontic group: 16) using culture methods and were identified based on their biochemical and enzymatic profiles. Seven opportunistic and four streptococcal strains were tested for their ability to adhere to saliva-coated metallic brackets. RESULTS: More opportunistic bacteria and fungi were detected in the orthodontic group than in the non-orthodontic group (P < 0.05). Opportunistic bacteria adhered to saliva-coated metallic brackets to the same degree as oral streptococci. CONCLUSIONS: The isolation frequencies of opportunistic bacteria and fungi increase during orthodontic treatment, suggesting the importance of paying special attention to oral hygiene in orthodontic patients to prevent periodontal disease and the aggravation of systemic disease in immunocompromised conditions.


Assuntos
Fungos/classificação , Bactérias Gram-Negativas/classificação , Bactérias Gram-Positivas/classificação , Boca/microbiologia , Braquetes Ortodônticos/microbiologia , Aparelhos Ativadores , Adolescente , Adulto , Aderência Bacteriana , Candida albicans/isolamento & purificação , Ligas Dentárias , Placa Dentária/microbiologia , Placa Dentária/prevenção & controle , Profilaxia Dentária , Enterobacter cloacae/isolamento & purificação , Fungos/fisiologia , Humanos , Klebsiella pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Contenções Ortodônticas , Técnica de Expansão Palatina/instrumentação , Pseudomonas aeruginosa/isolamento & purificação , Saliva/microbiologia , Serratia marcescens/isolamento & purificação , Staphylococcus aureus/isolamento & purificação , Staphylococcus epidermidis/isolamento & purificação , Streptococcus/classificação , Streptococcus mutans/isolamento & purificação , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolamento & purificação , Adulto Jovem
9.
J Ethnopharmacol ; 115(1): 57-60, 2008 Jan 04.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17951019

RESUMO

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a Capparis masaikai Levl. extract on enhancing oral moisture. Solutions of Capparis masaikai extract, citric acid, sodium chloride, and sucrose were dropped on the tongue dorsum of 20 healthy subjects aged 23-34 years. After swallowing each solution, the oral moisture was measured for 60 min using a saliva wetness tester and a moisture checker. The subjects recorded the degree of taste using a visual analog scale to examine the stimulating effect of each solution on salivation. The Capparis masaikai extract had a long-lasting moistening effect on both the tongue dorsum and buccal mucosa for up to 60 min. The weakly bittersweet taste of the extract was perceived stronger than the other taste elements. The results suggest that the Capparis masaikai extract is useful for enhancing oral moisture.


Assuntos
Capparis/química , Extratos Vegetais/farmacologia , Salivação/efeitos dos fármacos , Paladar , Administração Oral , Adulto , Ácido Cítrico/química , Relação Dose-Resposta a Droga , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Mucosa Bucal/efeitos dos fármacos , Extratos Vegetais/administração & dosagem , Saliva/efeitos dos fármacos , Saliva/metabolismo , Sementes , Cloreto de Sódio/química , Sacarose/química , Fatores de Tempo , Língua
10.
Oral Microbiol Immunol ; 21(6): 420-3, 2006 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17064403

RESUMO

Streptococcus mutans and other viridans streptococci have been implicated as major etiological agents of infective endocarditis. The serotype-specific rhamnose-glucose polysaccharide (RGP) of S. mutans has several biological functions that appear to be essential for the induction of infective endocarditis. The aim of this study was to examine the contribution of RGP to the infectivity of S. mutans in infective endocarditis using a rat model. The RGP-defective mutant of S. mutans showed reduced ability to induce infective endocarditis compared to the parental strain. The ability of S. mutans to induce infective endocarditis was not consistent with the binding capacity of the organism to extracellular matrix proteins. The results suggest that S. mutans containing whole RGP is more virulent than the RGP-defective mutant, and the RGP has an important role for the induction of infective endocarditis by S. mutans.


Assuntos
Endocardite Bacteriana/microbiologia , Polissacarídeos Bacterianos/fisiologia , Streptococcus mutans/patogenicidade , Animais , Aderência Bacteriana , Proteínas da Matriz Extracelular/metabolismo , Masculino , Ligação Proteica , Ratos , Ratos Wistar , Sorotipagem , Especificidade da Espécie , Fatores de Virulência
11.
Oral Microbiol Immunol ; 19(5): 289-92, 2004 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15327639

RESUMO

Many studies have examined the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis in periodontal pockets. However, monitoring the number of bacterial cells is difficult. In this study, we performed quantitative analyses of P. gingivalis to clarify the relationship between the numbers of this organism and periodontal status. Using the TaqMan real-time PCR system, we found a significant positive correlation (P < 0.0001) between the number of P. gingivalis and pocket depth. The slope of the regression line indicated that for every 1-mm increase in pocket depth, the number of P. gingivalis increased 10- fold. There was also a significant reduction (P < 0.01) in the numbers of P. gingivalis before and after treatment. These results suggest that the absolute and relative numbers of P. gingivalis are closely associated with periodontal status, and that quantitative analysis of this organism is important for the evaluation of periodontal therapy.


Assuntos
Periodontite/microbiologia , Porphyromonas gingivalis/isolamento & purificação , Adulto , Idoso , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Placa Dentária/microbiologia , Placa Dentária/terapia , Raspagem Dentária , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Bolsa Periodontal/microbiologia , Periodontite/terapia , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Porphyromonas gingivalis/patogenicidade
12.
Oral Microbiol Immunol ; 19(3): 196-200, 2004 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15107072

RESUMO

Treponema denticola has been implicated in periodontitis, and the presence of this organism in periodontal pockets has been investigated. However, qualitative analysis is insufficient for the clinical evaluation of periodontal treatments, and quantification of T. denticola populations is essential for monitoring therapeutic efficacy. Therefore, we developed a quantitative method for T. denticola that uses the TaqMan real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Using this system, we evaluated the relative and absolute numbers of this organism in saliva and subgingival plaque. Furthermore, we analyzed the relationship between the numbers of T. denticola and pocket depth, and found a significant positive correlation (P < 0.0001) between these parameters. This report demonstrates the broad potential of real-time polymerase chain reaction applications in periodontology.


Assuntos
Doenças Periodontais/classificação , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase/métodos , Treponema/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Infecções por Treponema/classificação , Adulto , Idoso , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Placa Dentária/microbiologia , Feminino , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Doenças Periodontais/microbiologia , Índice Periodontal , Bolsa Periodontal/classificação , Bolsa Periodontal/microbiologia , Periodontite/classificação , Periodontite/microbiologia , Saliva/microbiologia , Especificidade da Espécie , Taq Polimerase
13.
Clin Diagn Lab Immunol ; 8(6): 1136-9, 2001 Nov.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11687453

RESUMO

Cell surface protein antigen (PAc) and water-insoluble glucan-synthesizing enzyme (GTF-I) produced by cariogenic Streptococcus mutans are two major factors implicated in the colonization of the human oral cavity by this bacterium. We examined the effect of bovine milk, produced after immunization with a fusion protein of functional domains of these proteins, on the recolonization of S. mutans. To prepare immune milk, a pregnant Holstein cow was immunized with the fusion protein PAcA-GB, a fusion of the saliva-binding alanine-rich region (PAcA) of PAc and the glucan-binding (GB) domain of GTF-I. After eight adult subjects received cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) treatment, one subgroup (n = 4) rinsed their mouths with immune milk and a control group (n = 4) rinsed with nonimmune milk. S. mutans levels in saliva and dental plaque decreased after CPC treatment in both groups. Mouth rinsing with immune milk significantly inhibited recolonization of S. mutans in saliva and plaque. On the other hand, the numbers of S. mutans cells in saliva and plaque in the control group increased immediately after the CPC treatment and surpassed the baseline level 42 and 28 days, respectively, after the CPC treatment. The ratios of S. mutans to total streptococci in saliva and plaque in the group that received immune milk were lower than those in the control group. These results suggest that milk produced from immunized cow may be useful for controlling S. mutans in the human oral cavity.


Assuntos
Cárie Dentária/prevenção & controle , Cárie Dentária/terapia , Imunização Passiva/métodos , Leite/imunologia , Streptococcus mutans/imunologia , Adulto , Animais , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/análise , Bovinos , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , Cárie Dentária/imunologia , Placa Dentária/microbiologia , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Boca/microbiologia , Saliva/microbiologia , Streptococcus mutans/crescimento & desenvolvimento
14.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11346730

RESUMO

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of patients complaining of halitosis and to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of 3 methods of measuring halitosis. STUDY DESIGN: The actual degree of halitosis was determined through use of an organoleptic test in 155 patients aged 46 +/- 17 years (mean +/- SD). The volatile sulfur compounds (VSCs) were determined with gas chromatography and with sulfide monitoring. RESULTS: The organoleptic test revealed that 55% of the subjects had either no mouth odor or slight mouth odor. There was a significant correlation between the organoleptic score and the total VSC level as determined through use of other methods. The critical discrimination value of the total VSC level was calculated to be 0.057 ppm for gas chromatography and 0.117 ppm for sulfide monitoring; high sensitivity and specificity were obtained when the gas chromatography value was used. The amount of tongue coating was significantly greater in the halitosis-positive group than in the halitosis-negative group, whereas there was no difference in salivary flow rate between the 2 groups. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that determining VSCs with gas chromatography is a useful means of diagnosing halitosis.


Assuntos
Cromatografia Gasosa , Halitose/diagnóstico , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Análise Discriminante , Feminino , Halitose/fisiopatologia , Humanos , Modelos Lineares , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Odorantes/análise , Saliva/metabolismo , Taxa Secretória , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Fatores Sexuais , Olfato/fisiologia , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Sulfetos/análise , Compostos de Enxofre/análise , Língua/patologia
15.
J Dent Res ; 80(1): 346-50, 2001 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11269727

RESUMO

Bacterial heat shock proteins have been implicated in the pathogenesis of several diseases, and the immunological relationship between rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and Escherichia coli DnaJ has been reported. Since there are similarities in the tissue destruction process of RA and periodontitis, we examined the reactivities of antibodies in sera from RA patients to the DnaJ protein from Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that IgG titers to the N-terminal conservative region of the DnaJ are significantly higher in RA patients compared with the healthy controls (p < 0.05). Furthermore, we examined IgG titers of disease controls to determine the specificity of the immune responses to this region in RA patients. The difference between RA and infectious disease patients was also significant (p < 0.05). These results suggest that the N-terminal region of DnaJ from A. actinomycetemcomitans may contribute to the etiologic analysis of RA.


Assuntos
Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans/imunologia , Artrite Reumatoide/imunologia , Proteínas de Bactérias/imunologia , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/imunologia , Adulto , Idoso , Anticorpos Antibacterianos/sangue , Especificidade de Anticorpos , Proteínas de Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Ensaio de Imunoadsorção Enzimática , Proteínas de Escherichia coli , Feminino , Proteínas de Choque Térmico HSP40 , Proteínas de Choque Térmico/isolamento & purificação , Humanos , Epitopos Imunodominantes/imunologia , Imunoglobulina G/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Periodontite/imunologia , Estrutura Terciária de Proteína
16.
J Biol Chem ; 276(21): 18060-5, 2001 May 25.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11279204

RESUMO

Human whole saliva induces aggregation of Streptococcus mutans cells via an interaction between a surface protein antigen (PAc) of the organism and salivary agglutinin. Bovine milk inhibits the saliva-induced aggregation of S. mutans. In this study, the milk component that possesses inhibitory activity against this aggregation was isolated and found to be lactoferrin. Surface plasmon resonance analysis indicated that bovine lactoferrin binds more strongly to salivary agglutinin, especially to high molecular mass glycoprotein, which is a component of the agglutinin, than to recombinant PAc. The binding of bovine lactoferrin to salivary agglutinin was thermostable, and the optimal pH for binding was 4.0. To identify the saliva-binding region of bovine lactoferrin, 11 truncated bovine lactoferrin fragments were constructed. A fragment corresponding to the C-terminal half of the lactoferrin molecule had a strong inhibitory effect on the saliva-induced aggregation of S. mutans, whereas a fragment corresponding to the N-terminal half had a weak inhibitory effect. Seven shorter fragments corresponding to lactoferrin residues 473-538 also showed a high ability to inhibit the aggregation of S. mutans. These results suggest that residues 473-538 of bovine lactoferrin are important in the inhibition of saliva-induced aggregation of S. mutans.


Assuntos
Aglutininas/metabolismo , Proteínas da Membrana Bacteriana Externa/metabolismo , Lactoferrina/farmacologia , Streptococcus mutans/metabolismo , Animais , Bovinos , Feminino , Humanos , Lactoferrina/metabolismo , Leite , Ligação Proteica , Saliva/metabolismo , Infecções Estreptocócicas/metabolismo , Infecções Estreptocócicas/microbiologia
17.
J Dent ; 29(1): 31-3, 2001 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11137636

RESUMO

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between the actual degree of malodor and the psychological condition of patients complaining of halitosis. METHODS: The subjects consisted of 155 patients aged 46+/-17 years (mean+/-SD) who visited the Halitosis Clinic at Kyushu University Dental Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan. The Cornell Medical Index (CMI) Health Questionnaire was used to evaluate the psychological condition of patients. The degree of halitosis was estimated by the organoleptic test. RESULTS: Fifty-five percent of the patients had no or slight odor. Patients with a lower degree of halitosis showed a stronger psychopathological profile. There was a significant correlation between the degree of halitosis and the tendency toward neurosis (Spearman's rank correlation coefficient r=-0.37, P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that psychological condition is closely associated with symptoms of patients complaining of halitosis. The CMI Health Questionnaire may be a helpful tool for the diagnosis of patients who complain of halitosis.


Assuntos
Halitose/psicologia , Distribuição de Qui-Quadrado , Feminino , Halitose/complicações , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos do Humor/complicações , Transtornos da Personalidade/complicações , Psicometria , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Inquéritos e Questionários
18.
Infect Immun ; 68(12): 6912-6, 2000 Dec.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11083813

RESUMO

Methyl mercaptan production by oral bacteria is thought to be one of the main causes of oral malodor. We examined the ability of periodontopathic Porphyromonas gingivalis to produce methyl mercaptan from L-methionine and found that the invasive strains W83 and W50 produced large amounts of methyl mercaptan. We cloned and sequenced the mgl gene encoding L-methionine-alpha-deamino-gamma-mercaptomethane-lyase (METase) from P. gingivalis W83. The structural mgl gene consisted of 1,200 bp and encoded a 43.3-kDa protein. To examine the role of methyl mercaptan in the pathogenesis of P. gingivalis, a METase-deficient mutant of P. gingivalis W83 was constructed. The methionine degradation activity and virulence of the mutant (M1217) and the parent strain (W83) in mice were compared. M1217 showed a marked decrease in the formation of methyl mercaptan from L-methionine and decreased virulence compared with the wild-type strain W83. These results suggest that methyl mercaptan not only is one of the sources of oral malodor, but may also play a role in the pathogenicity of P. gingivalis.


Assuntos
Liases de Carbono-Enxofre/fisiologia , Metionina/metabolismo , Porphyromonas gingivalis/metabolismo , Compostos de Sulfidrila/metabolismo , Animais , Liases de Carbono-Enxofre/genética , Clonagem Molecular , Escherichia coli/metabolismo , Feminino , Camundongos , Camundongos Endogâmicos BALB C , Odorantes , Porphyromonas gingivalis/patogenicidade
19.
Infect Immun ; 68(2): 644-50, 2000 Feb.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-10639428

RESUMO

To clarify the role of cell surface components of Streptococcus mutans in resistance to phagocytosis by human polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs), several isogenic mutants of S. mutans defective in cell surface components were studied with a luminol-enhanced chemiluminescence (CL) assay, a killing assay, and a transmission electron microscope. The CL responses of human PMNs to mutant Xc11 defective in a major cell surface antigen, PAc, and mutant Xc16 defective in two surface glucosyltransferases (GTF-I and GTF-SI) were the same as the response to the wild-type strain, Xc. In contrast, mutant Xc24R, which was defective in serotype c-specific polysaccharide, induced a markedly higher CL response than the other strains. The killing assay showed that human PMNs killed more Xc24R than the parent strain and the other mutants. The transmission electron microscopic observation indicated that Xc24R cells were more internalized by human PMNs than the parental strain Xc. These results may be reflected by the fact that strain Xc24R was more phagocytosed than strain Xc. The CL response of human PMNs to a mutant defective in polysaccharide serotype e or f was similar to the response to Xc24R. Furthermore, mutants defective in serotype-specific polysaccharide were markedly more hydrophobic than the wild-type strains and the other mutants, suggesting that the hydrophilic nature of polysaccharides may protect the bacterium from phagocytosis. We conclude that the serotype-specific polysaccharide, but not the cell surface proteins on the cell surface of S. mutans, may play an important role in the resistance to phagocytosis.


Assuntos
Antígenos de Bactérias/fisiologia , Neutrófilos/imunologia , Fagocitose , Polissacarídeos Bacterianos/fisiologia , Streptococcus mutans/imunologia , Humanos , Immunoblotting , Medições Luminescentes , Sorotipagem
20.
Oral Microbiol Immunol ; 15(4): 258-62, 2000 Aug.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11154412

RESUMO

Streptococcus mutans and Streptococcus sobrinus are major pathogens causing dental caries in humans. A simple and rapid method to detect these species in human saliva simultaneously was developed using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Chromosomal DNA was extracted by boiling bacterial cells in lysis solution containing 1% Triton X-100. Oligonucleotide primers specific for portions of the glucosyltransferase genes (gtfB of S. mutans and gtfI of S. sobrinus) were designed. After PCR using two sets of these primers, S. mutans and S. sobrinus were specifically identified. The method was capable of amplifying DNA fragments specific for these species from chromosomal DNA extracted from 1 x 10(3) cells, or from 10 microliters of clinical saliva samples containing 1 x 10(3) colony-forming units of either streptococcal species. A second PCR, using the first PCR product as a template with newly designed internal primers, made it possible to detect 1 x 10(2) colony-forming units of either streptococcal species in 10 microliters of saliva samples. These results indicate that the PCR method developed in this study is useful for detecting S. mutans and S. sobrinus in saliva and that it can be used in epidemiological studies to evaluate the prevalence level of these organisms.


Assuntos
Saliva/microbiologia , Streptococcus mutans/isolamento & purificação , Streptococcus sobrinus/isolamento & purificação , Adulto , Proteínas de Bactérias/genética , Técnicas de Tipagem Bacteriana , Contagem de Colônia Microbiana , DNA Bacteriano/análise , Glucosiltransferases/genética , Humanos , Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase , Sensibilidade e Especificidade , Estatísticas não Paramétricas , Streptococcus mutans/genética , Streptococcus sobrinus/genética
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