Lactancia materna, alimentación complementaria y el riesgo de obesidad infantil / Breastfeeding, complementary feeding and risk of childhood obesity

OBJETIVO: Evaluar el patrón de lactancia materna y el inicio de alimentación complementaria como riesgo de obesidad en niños de edad preescolar de un centro de atención primaria. DISEÑO: Transversal analítico. Emplazamiento. Cancún, Quintana Roo (México). PARTICIPANTES: Niños de 2 a 4 años de edad, pertenecientes a una Unidad de atención primaria. MEDICIONES PRINCIPALES: Tiempo de lactancia materna total y exclusiva, alimento de inicio de alimentación complementaria referido por la madre o persona encargada del cuidado del menor y evaluación del estado nutricional, mediante el índice de masa corporal (IMC) y percentil ≥ 95. Determinación de razón de prevalencia (RP), chi al cuadrado (χ2) y regresión logística binaria. RESULTADOS: Se analizó a 116 niños (55,2% niñas) con promedio de edad de 3,2 años, obesidad en 62,1%, lactancia exclusiva 72,4% con duración promedio de 2,3 meses y edad de inicio de alimentación complementaria de 5,0 meses. Existió diferencia en las medianas para tiempo de lactancia y edad de inicio de alimentación complementaria por sexo (p < 0,05). Se calculó una RP=3,9 (intervalo de confianza del 95%, 1,49-6,34) para lactancia materna exclusiva y riesgo de obesidad. El modelo no mostró asociación de estas variables con la obesidad de los niños. CONCLUSIONES: La lactancia materna exclusiva menor a 3 meses de duración se presenta casi 4 veces más en los niños con obesidad, existiendo una diferencia para edad de inicio de alimentación complementaria, tiempo de lactancia materna y tiempo de consumo de leche de fórmula entre los niños con y sin obesidad

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pattern of breastfeeding and weaning as a risk of obesity in pre-school children from a Primary Care Unit. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analytical study. LOCATION: Cancun, Quintana Roo (Mexico). Participants. Children from 2-4 years of age from a Primary Care Unit. Main measurements. Duration of total and exclusive breastfeeding, age and food utilized for complementary feeding reported by the mother or career of the child and nutritional status assessment evaluated by body mass index (BMI) ≥ 95 percentile. Determination of prevalence ratio (PR), odds ratio (OR), chi squared (x2), and binary logistic regression. RESULTS: The study included 116 children (55.2% girls) with a mean age of 3.2 years, with obesity present in 62.1%, Exclusive breastfeeding in 72.4% with mean duration of 2.3 months, and age at introducing solids foods was 5.0 months. There was a difference for breastfeeding and complementary feeding by gender sex (P<.05). A PR=3.9 (95% CI: 1.49-6.34) was calculated for exclusive breastfeeding and risk of obesity. The model showed no association between these variables and obesity in children. CONCLUSIONS: Exclusive breastfeeding of less than three months is associated with almost 4 more times in obese children. There was a difference in age of complementary feeding, duration of breastfeeding, and formula milk consumption time for obese and non-obese children

[Breastfeeding, complementary feeding and risk of childhood obesity]. / Lactancia materna, alimentación complementaria y el riesgo de obesidad infantil.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the pattern of breastfeeding and weaning as a risk of obesity in pre-school children from a Primary Care Unit. DESIGN: Cross-sectional analytical study LOCATION: Cancun, Quintana Roo (Mexico). PARTICIPANTS: Children from 2-4 years of age from a Primary Care Unit. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Duration of total and exclusive breastfeeding, age and food utilized for complementary feeding reported by the mother or career of the child and nutritional status assessment evaluated by body mass index (BMI) ≥ 95 percentile. Determination of prevalence ratio (PR), odds ratio (OR), chi squared (x2), and binary logistic regression. RESULTS: The study included 116 children (55.2% girls) with a mean age of 3.2 years, with obesity present in 62.1%, Exclusive breastfeeding in 72.4% with mean duration of 2.3 months, and age at introducing solids foods was 5.0 months. There was a difference for breastfeeding and complementary feeding by gender sex (P<.05). A PR=3.9 (95% CI: 1.49-6.34) was calculated for exclusive breastfeeding and risk of obesity. The model showed no association between these variables and obesity in children CONCLUSIONS: Exclusive breastfeeding of less than three months is associated with almost 4 more times in obese children. There was a difference in age of complementary feeding, duration of breastfeeding, and formula milk consumption time for obese and non-obese children.