Protein, energetic, enzymatic and mineral profile of Nellore cows during the pregnancy, parturition and postpartum

The aim of this study was to evaluate the protein energetic, enzymatic and mineral profile of Nellore cows during the pregnancy, parturition and postpartum. Fifteen multiparous cows with 4 ± 1 years of age and live weight of 400 ± 50 kg were used at different stages (non-pregnant, in the initial, middle and late pregnancy, at birth, one day postpartum, 30 and 60 days postpartum). Blood collections were performed every 30 days and assayed for the following blood biomarkers: Protein (total proteins, albumin, urea and creatinine), energetic (cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and beta hydroxybutyrate), mineral (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium) and enzymatic (alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase). Calcium had the lowest concentrations (p < 0.05) in the initial pregnancy, while phosphorus had the highest concentration at parturition (p < 0.05). Triglycerides, glucose and beta hydroxybutyrate were influenced by the stages of pregnancy, reducing in the late pregnancy and at parturition. Glucose had a reduction in the late pregnancy and elevation in the postpartum. Beta hydroxybutyrate showed increase at the late pregnancy. Although lipomobilization occurred in the phases of higher metabolic demands in the attempt to maintain homeostatic conditions. Nellore cows did not present negative energy balance in the late pregnancy period, maintaining normal variation in blood markers throughout the experimental period.(AU)

Protein, energetic, enzymatic and mineral profile of Nellore cows during the pregnancy, parturition and postpartum

The aim of this study was to evaluate the protein energetic, enzymatic and mineral profile of Nellore cows during the pregnancy, parturition and postpartum. Fifteen multiparous cows with 4 ± 1 years of age and live weight of 400 ± 50 kg were used at different stages (non-pregnant, in the initial, middle and late pregnancy, at birth, one day postpartum, 30 and 60 days postpartum). Blood collections were performed every 30 days and assayed for the following blood biomarkers: Protein (total proteins, albumin, urea and creatinine), energetic (cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose and beta hydroxybutyrate), mineral (calcium, phosphorus, magnesium) and enzymatic (alkaline phosphatase and aspartate aminotransferase). Calcium had the lowest concentrations (p < 0.05) in the initial pregnancy, while phosphorus had the highest concentration at parturition (p < 0.05). Triglycerides, glucose and beta hydroxybutyrate were influenced by the stages of pregnancy, reducing in the late pregnancy and at parturition. Glucose had a reduction in the late pregnancy and elevation in the postpartum. Beta hydroxybutyrate showed increase at the late pregnancy. Although lipomobilization occurred in the phases of higher metabolic demands in the attempt to maintain homeostatic conditions. Nellore cows did not present negative energy balance in the late pregnancy period, maintaining normal variation in blood markers throughout the experimental period.

Changes in hematological biomarkers of Nellore cows at different reproductive stages

This study was conducted to evaluate changes in hematological biomarkers of Nellore cows at different reproductive stages. Fifteen multiparous cows with 4 ± 1 years of age and live weight of 400 ± 50 kg were used at different stages (non-pregnant, in the initial, middle and late pregnancy, at birth, one day postpartum, 30 and 60 days postpartum). Blood collections were performed every 30 days and assayed for the following hematological biomarkers: hemogram (red blood cells, globular volume, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)) and leukogram (total and differential counts). The erythrogram was influenced (p < 0.001) by the reproductive stages, with variation in the results obtained for the total red cell count, hemoglobin content, globular volume, MCV, MCHC and total plasma proteins. The reproductive stages influenced the leukocyte profile with variation in the total leukocyte count and in the absolute values of neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes. Hematological biomarkers of Nellore cows showed significant changes due to the physiological adjustments required in response to the metabolic requirements imposed in the final stage of pregnancy and in the beginning of lactation, ensuring the nutritional contribution in energy and oxygen transported through the blood.

Changes in hematological biomarkers of Nellore cows at different reproductive stages

This study was conducted to evaluate changes in hematological biomarkers of Nellore cows at different reproductive stages. Fifteen multiparous cows with 4 ± 1 years of age and live weight of 400 ± 50 kg were used at different stages (non-pregnant, in the initial, middle and late pregnancy, at birth, one day postpartum, 30 and 60 days postpartum). Blood collections were performed every 30 days and assayed for the following hematological biomarkers: hemogram (red blood cells, globular volume, hemoglobin, mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC)) and leukogram (total and differential counts). The erythrogram was influenced (p < 0.001) by the reproductive stages, with variation in the results obtained for the total red cell count, hemoglobin content, globular volume, MCV, MCHC and total plasma proteins. The reproductive stages influenced the leukocyte profile with variation in the total leukocyte count and in the absolute values of neutrophils, eosinophils, lymphocytes and monocytes. Hematological biomarkers of Nellore cows showed significant changes due to the physiological adjustments required in response to the metabolic requirements imposed in the final stage of pregnancy and in the beginning of lactation, ensuring the nutritional contribution in energy and oxygen transported through the blood.(AU)

Perfil hematobioquímico e produção de leite de vacas mestiças Girolando suplementadas com resíduo de caju desidratado / Hemato-biochemical profile and milk production of crossbred Girolando cows supplemented with product dehydrated cashew

Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a influência de diferentes níveis do pedúnculo de caju desidratado na alimentação de vacas mestiças da raça Girolando na produção de leite e perfil hematobioquímico. O experimento foi realizado com oito vacas distribuídas aleatoriamente em um quadrado latino (4 × 4), com tratamentos que consistiram de quatro níveis de suplementação com pedúnculo de caju desidratado (PCD) em dietas de animais, a saber: 0% PCD (dieta controle), 1,0 kg de PCD, 1,5 kg de PCD e 2,0 kg de PCD na matéria seca total. O leite e os animais foram pesados e a condição corporal dos animais foi avaliada durante sete dias em cada período experimental. Para determinar a bioquímica sérica e hemograma das vacas, três amostras de sangue foram colhidas em cada período, aos 7, 14 e 21 dias antes do fornecimento diário de suplementação com amostras de 5 ml de sangue coletadas por punção da veia jugular. A suplementação com 2 kg de PCD reduziu a produção de leite e os níveis de glicose e proteínas totais no plasma em relação ao grupo controle, devido ao nível mais elevado de tanino deste grupo. A suplementação com PCD aumentou a contagem total de eritrócitos, reduziu o volume corpuscular médio (VCM) e não alterou o número de leucócitos. Aumento dos níveis de compostos fenólicos na dieta inibiu a absorção de proteínas na dieta, o que diminuiu a produção de leite.(AU)

This paper aims to evaluate the influence of different levels of supplemental product-dehydrated cashew in the feed for crossbred Girolando cows on milk production and hemato-biochemical profile. The experiments were conducted using eight cows that were randomly distributed in a Latin square design (4×4), in which treatments consisted of four supplementation levels with product-dehydrated cashew (PDC) in animal diets, namely: 0% PDC (control diet), 1.0 kg of DCP, 1.5 kg of PDC and 2.0 kg of PDC in total dry matter . The milk and animals were weighed and the body condition of the animals were evaluated within seven days of milk collection during each experimental period. To determine the serum biochemistry and blood count of cows, three blood samples were taken in each period, at 7, 14 and 21 days before the daily supply of supplementation with samples collected from 5 ml of blood by puncturing the jugular vein. Supplementation with 2 kg of PDC reduced milk production and the levels of glucose and total plasma protein compared to the control group, due to the higher level of tannin in this group. Supplementation with PDC raised the total count of the erythrocytes, reduced the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and non-changed number of leukocytes. Increased levels of phenolic compounds in the diet inhibited the absorption of dietary proteins, which decreased milk production.(AU)

Perfil hematobioquímico e produção de leite de vacas mestiças Girolando suplementadas com resíduo de caju desidratado / Hemato-biochemical profile and milk production of crossbred Girolando cows supplemented with product dehydrated cashew

Este trabalho tem como objetivo avaliar a influência de diferentes níveis do pedúnculo de caju desidratado na alimentação de vacas mestiças da raça Girolando na produção de leite e perfil hematobioquímico. O experimento foi realizado com oito vacas distribuídas aleatoriamente em um quadrado latino (4 × 4), com tratamentos que consistiram de quatro níveis de suplementação com pedúnculo de caju desidratado (PCD) em dietas de animais, a saber: 0% PCD (dieta controle), 1,0 kg de PCD, 1,5 kg de PCD e 2,0 kg de PCD na matéria seca total. O leite e os animais foram pesados e a condição corporal dos animais foi avaliada durante sete dias em cada período experimental. Para determinar a bioquímica sérica e hemograma das vacas, três amostras de sangue foram colhidas em cada período, aos 7, 14 e 21 dias antes do fornecimento diário de suplementação com amostras de 5 ml de sangue coletadas por punção da veia jugular. A suplementação com 2 kg de PCD reduziu a produção de leite e os níveis de glicose e proteínas totais no plasma em relação ao grupo controle, devido ao nível mais elevado de tanino deste grupo. A suplementação com PCD aumentou a contagem total de eritrócitos, reduziu o volume corpuscular médio (VCM) e não alterou o número de leucócitos. Aumento dos níveis de compostos fenólicos na dieta inibiu a absorção de proteínas na dieta, o que diminuiu a produção de leite.

This paper aims to evaluate the influence of different levels of supplemental product-dehydrated cashew in the feed for crossbred Girolando cows on milk production and hemato-biochemical profile. The experiments were conducted using eight cows that were randomly distributed in a Latin square design (4×4), in which treatments consisted of four supplementation levels with product-dehydrated cashew (PDC) in animal diets, namely: 0% PDC (control diet), 1.0 kg of DCP, 1.5 kg of PDC and 2.0 kg of PDC in total dry matter . The milk and animals were weighed and the body condition of the animals were evaluated within seven days of milk collection during each experimental period. To determine the serum biochemistry and blood count of cows, three blood samples were taken in each period, at 7, 14 and 21 days before the daily supply of supplementation with samples collected from 5 ml of blood by puncturing the jugular vein. Supplementation with 2 kg of PDC reduced milk production and the levels of glucose and total plasma protein compared to the control group, due to the higher level of tannin in this group. Supplementation with PDC raised the total count of the erythrocytes, reduced the mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and non-changed number of leukocytes. Increased levels of phenolic compounds in the diet inhibited the absorption of dietary proteins, which decreased milk production.