Current trends and prospects in quinoa research: An approach for strategic knowledge areas.

Currently, the demand for healthy consumption and the use of alternatives to dairy proteins for the development of foods with good nutritional value are growing. Quinoa has received much attention because it contains a high content of proteins, essential amino acids, essential fatty acids, minerals, vitamins, dietary fibers, and bioactive compounds. Nevertheless, this content and the bioavailability of specific compounds of interest are related to the genotype, the agri-environmental conditions, and management practices where quinoa is grown and postharvest management. This article aimed to analyze the research trends for three knowledge areas: quinoa plant breeding for nutraceutical properties, plant-soil relations focused on abiotic stresses, and postharvest and value-added transformation activities. To this end, a specific methodological design based on bibliometrics and scientometrics methods was used. Through these analyses based on publications' keywords, titles, abstracts, and conclusions sections, for each knowledge area, the key research trends (scope and main topics), the classification of trends based on their development and relevance degree, and the core of knowledge were established. The trends comprise the current state of research. Finally, analyzing the conclusions, recommendations, and future research sections of key publications, a strong correlation among plant breeding research to obtain varieties with tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, nutritional and functional compounds of interest for food safety, and the development of products with higher added value established interest in further research on the potential bioactivity of quinoa and the verification of health benefits to humans.

Pancreatitis necrotizante infectada: resultados en una cohorte de baja mortalidad / Infected necrotizing pancreatitis: results in a low mortality cohort

Objetivo: Analizar los factores pronósticos asociados con mortalidad en pacientes con pancreatitis aguda severa. Métodos: Cohorte retrospectiva, pacientes consecutivos entre 1995-2004 con datos demográficos, clínicos y quirúrgicos, el diagnóstico de pancreatitis aguda severa definido como APACHE II > 8 o Ranson > 3. Resultados: Se incluyeron 64 pacientes. El origen más frecuente fue colelitiasis (51,6 porciento). La mediana del APACHE II=13. El promedio de estancia en la UCI fue de 16 más/menos 14,8 días (rango 1 – 63), la estancia hospitalaria total fue de 28,1 más/menos 19,8 días (1 - 84). El 82,8 porciento de los pacientes fueron operados, el promedio de re-laparotomías fue de 4,2 más/menos 4,4 (1-18). El 81,3 porciento desarrollaron necrosis: infectada o absceso=84,9 porciento y estéril=26,4 porciento. El 81,3 porciento de los pacientes se manejaron con antibióticos durante catorce días. El 60,9 porciento de los pacientes presentaron cultivos positivos en abdomen, los gérmenes más frecuentes fueron Enterococcus fecalis y Estafilococcus aureus...

[Body fat distribution in patients with type 2 diabetes as a cardiovascular risk factor]. / Distribución de grasa corporal en diabéticos tipo 2, como factor de riesgo cardiovascular.

OBJECTIVE: Our objective was to compare body fat distribution in subjects with type 2 diabetes by indexes of the waist-hip, waist-height, and body mass indices, as well as its association with cardiovascular disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a comparative cross-sectional study with 1,144 persons > 30 years of age with type 2 diabetes at their assigned unit during the period of December 1996 through February 1997. We carried out measurement standardization and a pilot test. Studied variables included sex, age, sedentary lifestyle, smoking, time of diagnosis of diabetes, high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease, and obesity. RESULTS: Of the studied population, 81% were > 50 years of age, 63% were women; 47% were sedentary, 41% had smoking antecedent, 45% had high blood pressure, and an equal number of persons had a diagnosis of diabetes during the previous 10 years; 13% had some cardiovascular disease. Prevalence of obesity and the cardiovascular risk detected changed in each of the following indices: body mass 72% and 1.3; waist-hip 81% and 1.6, and waist-height, 93.7% and 3.0. CONCLUSION: Body fat distribution measured by waist indices detected more prevalence of obesity and cardiovascular risk than body mass index, which does not consider the waist measurement.