Investigation of the Dynamic Behaviour of H2 and D2 in a Kinetic Quantum Sieving System.

Porous organic cages (POCs) are nanoporous materials composed of discrete molecular units that have uniformly distributed functional pores. The intrinsic porosity of these structures can be tuned accurately at the nanoscale by altering the size of the porous molecules, particularly to an optimal size of 3.6 Å, to harness the kinetic quantum sieving effect. Previous research on POCs for isotope separation has predominantly centered on differences in the quantities of adsorbed isotopes. However, nuclear quantum effects also contribute significantly to the dynamics of the sorption process, offering additional opportunities for separating H2 and D2 at practical operational temperatures. In this study, our investigations into H2 and D2 sorption on POC samples revealed a higher uptake of D2 compared to that of H2 under identical conditions. We employed quasi-elastic neutron scattering to study the diffusion processes of D2 and H2 in the POCs across various temperature and pressure ranges. Additionally, neutron Compton scattering was utilized to measure the values of the nuclear zero-point energy of individual isotopic species in D2 and H2. The results indicate that the diffusion coefficient of D2 is approximately one-sixth that of H2 in the POC due to the nuclear quantum effect. Furthermore, the results reveal that at 77 K, D2 has longer residence times compared to H2 when moving from pore to pore. Consequently, using the kinetic difference of H2 and D2 in a porous POC system enables hydrogen isotope separation using a temperature or pressure swing system at around liquid nitrogen temperatures.

[The Scientific Commission of the Swiss Cigarette Manufacturers Association : a historical overview]. / La Commission scientifique de l'Association suisse des fabricants de cigarettes : un aperçu historique.

The Scientific Commission (SC) of the Swiss Cigarette Manufacturers Association (SCMA) has been active between 1962 and the end of the 1990s. The commission fulfilled multiple tasks in the service of the tobacco industry : planning of external joint research, public relations work, lobbying, and collaboration with public authorities as well as organisations with a similar mission as the SC itself. In addition, it monitored research on smoking and health, reviewed studies that were detrimental to the cigarette manufacturers' interest and organized pro-tobacco scientific meetings. The commission was thus a powerful tool at the disposal of the tobacco industry. It also had a major impact on public health through perpetuating the pseudo-controversy about the negative effects of smoking on health.

La Commission scientifique (CS) de l'Association suisse des fabricants de cigarettes (ASFC) a été active entre 1962 et la fin des années 1990. Parmi les multiples tâches qui lui incombaient, elle planifiait la recherche collective de l'industrie du tabac, lui servait de porte-parole auprès des médias, exerçait du lobbying, et collaborait avec des institutions officielles ainsi que des organisations qui lui étaient apparentées. En outre, la CS suivait l'état de la recherche sur la question tabac et santé, critiquait les études défavorables aux cigarettiers et organisait des événements scientifiques de complaisance. Il ressort que cette commission a constitué un puissant outil au service de l'industrie du tabac et, qu'en entretenant une pseudo-controverse sur les effets nocifs du tabagisme, elle a eu un impact majeur sur la santé publique.

[Cigarette and alcohol advertising in the Swiss free press]. / La publicité de la cigarette et de l'alcool dans la presse gratuite suisse d'information.

Tobacco and alcohol are ordinary consumer goods that are still two overriding preventable causes of death in Switzerland. Massive advertising supports their selling and contributes to maintain a major public health problem up to date. The widely read free press represents an interesting advertising mean. The study of tobacco and alcohol advertisements published in the free newspaper 20 minutes through the year 2012 gives us a good idea of these products' advertising strategies. Compared to those for alcohol, the cigarette advertisements are more numerous, more suggestive and dealing with emotions. The themes proposed respond to young people's expectations in order to incline them to smoke, whereas positive images encourage to keep on smoking.

[Cigarette and advertising poster: history of a dangerous connection in the post-war economic boom]. / Cigarette et affiche publicitaire: histoire d'une liaison dangereuse durant tes Trente Glorieuses.

The advertising poster's main characteristic is the ability to convey a commercial message quickly and publicly thanks to its straightforward image and text. The young people, being the tobacco industry's principal target, are particularly exposed to these messages. This kind of advertisement becomes a mean of counterstroke as soon as the cigarette's harmfulness is acknowledged. Some of the cigarette industry's strategies can be revealed by the historical analysis of a 253 posters corpus selected among the main cigarette manufacturers in Switzerland at the time of the post-war economic boom. With the misuse of sport's theme, the overvaluation of the filter's efficiency, the use of a vocabulary that implies lightness and by erasing the image of smoke in its advertisement, the industry tries to reassure the smoker wrongly.

Reflexions sur la notion de type sensible / Reflections about sensitive type notion

Trois parties portent ces reflexions: 1.La notion de type sensible est fondee sur la notion de sensibilite. La sensibilite est l'amplitude(hyper ou hypo) ou la nature particuliere (dys) de l'expression de la capacite reactionnelle d'un individu, par rapport a une position d'equilibre, determinee en reference a l'individu lui meme. 2. La notion de type sensible est une realite theorique et clinique essentiellement dynamique qui emerge de l'inter-relation de convergence entre differentes entites, a partir de l'integration realisee dans la demarche clinique du medecin "homeopathe". Elle se situe au carrefour relationnel entre la realite du Malade, du Remede Homeopathique et du Medecin. 3. La notion de type sensible est exprimee le plus souvent dans une description: morphologique, de comportement psychologique et de tendances pathologiques. Il s'agit ici des fondements de la communication faite a Paris dans le cadre de la Semaine Homeopathique. Cette communication voulait rapporter une synthese d'un travail personnel complete par les reflexions recueillies au cours de la derniere reunion de la Societe Rhodanienne d'Homeopathie sur le theme du type sensible