RESUMO
This study was done to investigate the effects of common food additives such as sodium benzoate (SB) and ascorbic acid (AA) on haematological parameters of male Wistar rats. Forty-eight (48) male albino rats with an average weight of 105 g were grouped into twelve (n = 4) of Basal Control and other 11 groups orally administered 1 mg of SB, 10 mg of SB, 10 mg of AA, 0.2 mg of AA + 0.5 mg of SB, 0.2 mg of AA + 1 mg of SB, 0.2 mg of AA + 10 mg of SB, 0.2 mg of SB + 0.1 mg of AA, 0.2 mg of SB + 0.5 mg of AA, carbonated soft drinks (CSD)+ 0.1 mg of AA, CSD + 1 mg of AA and CSD + 10 mg of AA, respectively for 21 non-consecutive days. At the end of the experiment, blood samples were collected in EDTA anticoagulant tubes, haematological parameters were evaluated, and data were analyzed. There was a dose-dependent increase (p < 0.05) in White Blood Cell counts of SB treated rats compared with the control group. The lymphocyte exhibited significant reduction (p < 0.05) in the groups treated with 1mg SB and 10mg SB/kg bodyweight of 67 ± 2.96 and 58 ± 4.18%, respectively. The mean corpuscular haemoglobin showed no significant difference at 95% confidence interval. However, mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit and platelet were affected by an increase in the concentrations of SB. High SB concentrations increased the destruction of erythrocytes, which directly increased the catabolism of haemoglobin. However, AA administration mitigated the adverse effects of SB on the haematological parameters of the animal.
RESUMO
Chlorobenzoic acids represent crucial recalcitrant metabolites in the environment; thus, the influence of soil components on the sorption of 2,4,6-trichlorobenzoic acid (TCB) under oxic and anoxic conditions was studied. The surficial physiognomies of untreated and isolated soil samples were studied using FTIR, XRD, specific surface area, and PZC determination. The roles of redox potential, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and pH, particularly under anoxic condition, were appraised. Batch equilibrium adsorption studies on soils of variable Fe/Mn oxides and organic carbon showed that adsorption was low across all components (log Koc = 0.82-3.10 Lg(-1)). The sorption of 2,4,6-TCB was well described by the pseudo second-order kinetic model. The fluctuation of both redox potential and pH during anoxic experiment had a negative impact on the sorption, partitioning, and the oxidation of organic matter. Linear relationships were observed for Kd with both soil total organic carbon (TOC) and surface area (SA). The results showed the existence of DOC-mediated sorption of 2,4,6-TCB which seems to be enhanced at lower pH. The reductive dissolution, particularly of iron compounds, possibly impeded sorption of 2,4,6-TCB under anoxic condition. It could be inferred that habitats dominated by fluctuating oxygen concentrations are best suited for the development of environmental conditions capable of mineralizing 2,4,6-TCB and similar xenobiotics.
