Highly Selective Optical Sensor Eu (TTA)3 Phen Embedded in Poly Methylmethacrylate for Assessment of Total Prostate Specific Antigen Tumor Marker in Male Serum Suffering Prostate Diseases.

A low-cost, simple, and highly selective method was used for the assessment of total prostate specific antigen (tPSA) in the serum of prostate cancer patients. This method is based on quenching the intensity of luminescence displayed by the optical sensor Eu (TTA)3 phen/poly methylmethacrylate (PMMA) thin membrane or film upon adding different concentrations of tPSA. The luminescent optical sensor was synthesized and characterized through absorption, emission, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and x-ray diffraction (XRD), and is tailored to present red luminescence at 614 nm upon excitation at 395 nm in water. The fabricated sensor fluorescence intensity is quenched in the presence of tPSA in aqueous media. The fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is the main mechanism by which the sensor performs. The sensor was successfully utilized to estimate tPSA in the serum of patients suffering prostate cancer in a time and cost effective way. The statistical results of the method were satisfactory with 0.0469 ng mL-1 as a detection limit and 0.99 as a correlation coefficient.

Determination of uric acid in serum using an optical sensor based on binuclear Pd(II) 2-pyrazinecarboxamide-bipyridine doped in a sol gel matrix.

A new highly green luminescent binuclear palladium 2-pyrazinecarboxamide-bipyridine complex [Pd(pyc)(bpy)] was prepared and characterized. The binuclear Pd(pyc)(bpy) complex doped in sol-gel matrix has a strong luminescence intensity at 547 nm with λex = 330 nm in water The method depends on the quenching of the luminescence intensity of the binuclear Pd(pyc)(bpy) complex at 547 nm by different concentrations of uric acid. The remarkable quenching of the luminescence intensity of the binuclear Pd(pyc)(bpy) complex, doped in a sol-gel matrix, by uric acid was successfully used for the determination of uric acid in serum samples of patients with hypouricemia disease. The calibration plot was achieved over the concentration 3.9 × 10-9 to 1.2 × 10-4 mol L-1uric acid with a correlation coefficient of 0.9 and a detection limit of 1.8 × 10-10 mol L-1. The method was used satisfactorily for the assessment of the uric acid in a number of serum samples collected from various patients with Hypouricemia disease.

Improved Outcomes With Integrated Intensivist Consultation for Cardiac Surgery Patients.

This study examined the impact of integrated intensivist consultation in the immediate postoperative period on outcomes for cardiac surgery patients. A retrospective cohort study was conducted in 1711 adult cardiac surgery patients from a single quaternary care center in Minnesota. Outcomes were compared across 2 consecutive 2-year time periods reflecting an elective intensivist model (n = 801) and an integrated intensivist model (n = 910). Patients under the 2 models were comparable with respect to demographics, comorbidities, procedure types, and Society for Thoracic Surgery predicted risk of mortality score; however, patients in the earlier cohort were slightly older and more likely to have chronic kidney disease ( P = .003). Integrated intensivist involvement was associated with reduced postoperative ventilator time, length of stay (LOS), stroke, encephalopathy, and reoperations for bleeding (all P < .01) but was not associated with mortality. Intensivist integration into the postoperative care of cardiac surgery patients may reduce ventilator time, LOS, and complications but may not improve survival.

Informed consent for epidural analgesia in labour: a survey of Irish practice.

Currently, we do not have a national standard regarding epidural consent in Ireland. The aim of this survey was to assess practice in obstetric units in Ireland with regard to obtaining informed consent prior to epidural insertion, and whether the risks discussed with women are being documented. A postal survey of anaesthetists in Irish obstetric units was performed in January 2012 to assess practice regarding obtaining informed consent prior to epidural insertion, and documentation of the risks discussed. The response rate was 16/18 (88%). There was major variation both in which risks are discussed with women in labour and what risks are quoted. The most frequently quoted risks were headache--15/16 (93.8% of the respondents), partially/not working epidural--15/16 (93.8%), drop in blood pressure--14/16 (87.5%) and temporary backache/local tenderness--12/16 (75%). The more serious risks were not discussed as frequently: permanent nerve damage--8/16 (50%), paralysis--8/16 (50%), epidural abscess/haematoma--6/16 (37.5%), meningitis--3/16 (18.7%). The vast majority of respondents supported introduction of a national standardised information leaflet, detailing all the benefits and risks of epidural analgesia, to be shown to all women before consenting to epidural insertion.

Gram-negative bacterial endocarditis in adults: state-of-the-heart.

Gram-negative endocarditis due to HACEK bacteria (Haemophilus species, Actinobacillus, Cardiobacterium, Eikenella and Kingella species) and non-HACEK organisms is an infrequent occurrence but is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Traditionally, non-HACEK Gram-negative endocarditis has been associated with injection drug use. However, emerging data from more contemporary cohorts suggest changing epidemiology and risk factors for Gram-negative endocarditis, necessitating an updated review of this subject. Moreover, optimal management, including the need for surgical intervention, and strategies for the prevention of Gram-negative endocarditis need to be revisited.

Contemporary management of cardiovascular implantable electronic device infections.

Cardiovascular implantable electronic device (CIED) implantation rate has substantially risen in the foregoing decades. Unfortunately, this upsurge in CIED implantation rate has been accompanied by a disproportionate rise in the rate of CIED infections. Device infection is a major complication of CIED implantation, necessitating removal of an infected device followed by systemic antimicrobial therapy and reimplantation of a new system. In this article, we review the current epidemiology, risk factors, diagnostic strategy and contemporary management of CIED infection. In addition, we address the vexing question of how to best manage patients with Staphylococcus aureus bacteremia, in the setting of an implanted device, but no overt clinical signs of CIED infection. Lastly, we discuss the preventive strategies to minimize risk of CIED infection.

Persistent oronasal fistula after primary management of facial gunshot injuries.

We present our experience of treating 42 young men with facial gunshot injuries, 9 of whom had associated palatal injuries. We attempted definitive treatment at the primary operation, but five patients with palatal injuries presented with oronasal fistula postoperatively and required secondary intervention. Three patients underwent surgical closure using palatal transposition flap, in all of whom it was successful.

Gunshot injuries to the parotid gland: Patterns of injury and primary management.

We have treated 16 patients with gunshot injuries to the cheek, 10 of whom had damage to the parotid. There were nine men and one woman, mean age 40 (range 15-65). All injuries were high velocity, and eight had other injuries. We followed them up for a month; three patients required further operation, three had facial palsy, and one lost his hearing on that side.