Serum level of vitamin D in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis of case control studies.

OBJECTIVES: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis (RAS) is an ulcerative condition with unknown etiology. The effect of vitamin D in the etiology of RAS is still a matter of controversy. In this study, we aimed at review the available evidence on the role of vitamin D deficiency in RAS etiology. MATERIAL AND METHODS: PubMed, Cochrane Library for Systematic Reviews, ISI Web of Science, Scopus, and EmBase were systematically searched for evidence on RAS and vitamin D up to January 2020. Retrieved records were screened and assessed by two of the authors independently. Newcastle-Ottawa scale was used to assess the quality of individual studies. AMSTAR tool was used for assessing the quality of the study. RESULTS: Eight studies including 383 healthy control and 352 patients with RAS were eligible for the meta-analysis. Serum vitamin D levels were significantly lower in RAS patients. The weighted mean difference was -7.90 (95% CI: -11.96 to -3.85). CONCLUSIONS: The results highlighted the importance of vitamin D deficiency in the etiology of RAS. However, more studies are needed to reach a robust decision. The observed association between vitamin D and RAS is probably due to the effect of vitamin D on the immune system.

WITHDRAWN: Comparison of the influence the amount of sterile normal saline solution in reducing the postoperative complications after third molar surgery.

Ahead of Print article withdrawn by publisher.

A PRISMA-compliant meta-analysis on association between X-ray repair cross complementing (XRCC1, XRCC2, and XRCC3) polymorphisms and oral cancer susceptibility.

BACKGROUND: Oral Cancer (OC) is one of the leading causes of death and the disease mainly occurs over 50 years of age. Herein, a meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between X-ray repair cross complementing (XRCC) polymorphisms and OC risk. METHODS: Four databases were searched extensively until June 5, 2020. Subgroup analysis, meta-regression, and funnel plots, as well as the quality assessment were estimated. RESULTS: Fifteen studies were entered to the analysis. With regards to allele, homozygote, heterozygote, recessive, and dominant models, the pooled ORs for XRCC1 rs1799782 polymorphism were 1.51 (P = 0.01), 1.45 (P = 0.11), 1.45 (P = 0.0003), 1.44 (P = 0.0002), and 1.29 (P = 0.26); for XRCC1 rs1799782 polymorphism were 1.65 (P = 0.11), 1.50 (P = 0.33), 1.06 (P = 0.83), 1.57 (P = 0.12), and 1.32 (P = 0.45); for XRCC1 rs25489 polymorphism were 0.01 (P = 0.19), 1.44 (P = 0.48), 1.21 (P = 0.72), 1.17 (P = 0.19), and 1.38 (P = 0.54); for XRCC2 rs2040639 polymorphism were 0.68 (P = 0.0002), 0.63 (P = 0.02), 0.95 (P = 0.92), 0.79 (P = 0.49), and 0.61 (P = 0.005); and for XRCC3 rs861539 polymorphism were 1.24 (P = 0.20), 1.28 (P = 0.48), 0.99 (P = 0.95), 1.15 (P = 0.46), and 1.52 (P = 0.15), respectively. CONCLUSIONS: The T allele and CT genotype of XRCC1 rs1799782 polymorphism had an elevated risk, whereas the G allele and GG genotype of XRCC2 rs2040639 polymorphism had a protective role in OC.

Total Antioxidant Capacity, Catalase Activity and Salivary Oxidative Parameters in Patients with Temporomandibular Disorders.

OBJECTIVES: Temporomandibular disorders (TMD) are characterized by pain or discomfort in the temporomandibular joint, periauricular region, masticatory muscles, and neck on one or both sides. It may also be associated with joint sounds, restricted mandibular movements and mandibular deviation. Oxidative agents may have a deleterious role in the pathogenesis of joint diseases, and oxidative stress can lead to TMD. The aim of this study was to assess the oxidative stress biomarkers in the saliva of TMD patients and healthy controls. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This case-control study was conducted on 30 patients with TMDs (5 males and 25 females) with a mean age of 30.7±13.2 years, and 30 healthy controls (5 males and 25 females) with a mean age of 29.16±11.2 years. Saliva samples were collected according to the standard protocol and the total antioxidant capacity of the saliva (non-enzymatic), catalase activity, and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured using the ferric reducing ability of plasma, Aebi's method, and high-performance liquid chromatography, respectively. Finally, The MDA levels were analyzed by the Mann-Whitney test. Other quantitative parameters were analyzed by independent t-test. RESULTS: TMD patients had significantly higher salivary levels of MDA compared to the control group (P=0.001). But there were no significant differences in catalase (P=0.49) and total antioxidant capacity (P=0.22) of TMD patients and healthy controls. CONCLUSION: It seems that oxidative stress may be involved in the pathogenesis of TMDs.

Serum and Salivary IgA, IgG, and IgM Levels in Oral Lichen Planus: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Case-Control Studies.

Immunoglobulins (IgA, IgG, and IgM) are significant anti-inflammatory factors. The meta-analysis aimed to assess the serum and salivary levels of Igs as more important immunoglobulins in patients affected by oral lichen planus (OLP) compared to the healthy controls. Four databases, including PubMed/Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library as well as Iranian databases were checked up to January 2018 without language restriction. The quality of each involved study was done using the Newcastle⁻Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale (NOS) questionnaire. A random-effects model analysis was done by RevMan 5.3 software applying the mean difference (MD) plus 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The CMA 2.0 software was applied to calculate the publication bias among the studies. Out of 70 studies found in the databases, 8 studies were involved and analyzed in the meta-analysis. The meta-analysis included 282 OLP patients and 221 healthy controls. The pooled MDs of serum levels of IgA, IgG, and IgM were -0.13 g/L [95% CI: -0.24, -0.02; P = 0.02], 1.01 g/L [95% CI: -0.91, 2.93; P = 0.30], and -0.06 g/L [95% CI: -0.25, 0.14; P = 0.56], respectively; whereas, the salivary IgA and IgG levels were 71.54 mg/L [95% CI: 12.01, 131.07; P = 0.02] and 0.59 mg/L [95% CI: -0.20, 1.38; P = 0.14], respectively. Considering the few studies performed on saliva, the results suggested that the salivary levels, especially IgA level had higher values than the serum levels. Therefore, the salivary immunoglobulins can play a significant function in the OLP pathogenesis.

Salivary and serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in oral lichen planus: a systematic review and meta-analysis study.

OBJECTIVE: Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) has a role in the progression of the oral lichen planus (OLP). The aim of this meta-analysis study was to evaluate the salivary and serum TNF-α levels in patients with OLP. STUDY DESIGN: We searched in the databases of PubMed/Medline, Science direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library for studies reported from 1983 to 2016. All studies were checked for evaluation of salivary and serum levels of TNF-α in patients with OLP compared with healthy controls. RESULTS: Twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis. The mean difference of 7 studies reporting salivary TNF-α levels in patients with OLP versus healthy controls was 25.90 pg/mL (95% confidence interval [CI] 15.31-36.49; P < .00001) and 7 studies reporting serum TNF-α levels was 1.65 pg/mL (95% CI -0.82 to 4.11; P = .19). CONCLUSIONS: In patients with OLP, the higher levels of TNF-α in saliva compared with serum suggest that measurement of this marker in saliva may be more useful than in serum for determining diagnostic and therapeutic aims.