RESUMO
Obesity is one of the urgent problems of modern health care. In the 21st century, obesity, one of the most common chronic diseases, takes on the character of a global epidemic, covering almost all countries and peoples of the world. WHO experts suggest that the number of people with obesity by 2005 compared with 2000 will increase by almost 2 times and amount to more than 300 million people. Every year, the situation is getting worse, obesity is getting younger, it becomes a problem not only for adults, but for children and adolescents. Currently, in developed countries, up to 20% of adolescents are overweight, and 15% are obese. In the Russian Federation, 5.5% of children living in rural areas and 8.5% of children in urban areas are obese. Obesity is a social problem, as it leads to early disability and reduces the average life expectancy. Finally, obesity accompanies diseases such as type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, coronary heart disease, as well as insulin resistance and hyperinsulinemia.
RESUMO
The aim of the investigation was to determine the major components of body mass in obese children. Two hundred and thirty-four children aged 8-16 years, including 181 healthy children and 53 obese children, were examined. The components of body mass in obese children were comparatively analyzed, by taking into account gender, age, and the disease seventy, which Indicated that the adipose tissue was the major component of the body, greatly dominating over muscular and bony components with its increase in progressive disease (up to 280 and 448% of the normal values in second- and third-degree obesity, respectively). The absolute content of fat as the body's major component in overweight children has no great gender differences. In children, obesity progression is accompanied by a statistically significant reduction in absolute body mass and in the proportion of an osseal component in younger age (8-10 years) groups.