Optimum level of salt in French-type bread. Influence of income status, salt level in daily bread consumption, and test location.

The objectives of the present study were to measure the ideal salt concentration in French-type bread among Argentine consumers in a home-usage-test (HUT) considering income status and salt content of daily bread consumption as covariables, and to compare the ideal salt concentrations measured in a HUT and a central-location test (CLT). For the HUT, 420 consumers each received a sample of bread with a single salt concentration, and for the CLT, 100 consumers each received 7 samples with different salt concentrations. For each sample, consumers responded if they found the bread "not-salty-enough,""okay," or "too-salty." Neither income level nor salt content of daily bread influenced probability of rejection. The optimum sodium concentrations (milligrams per 100 g of bread dry basis) +/- 95% confidence limits for the HUT and CLT were 980 +/- 74 and 1157 +/- 87, respectively. These values are substantially higher than 628, the mean sodium content of the bread sampled from the bakery shops where consumers bought their daily bread.

[Pregnancy rate in cryopreserved embryos based on the classical morphologic scoring and the integrity of blastomeres at thawing]. / Tasa de embarazo en embriones criopreservados según la calificación morfológica clásica y la integridad de las blastómeras a la descongelación.

Two different thaw embryo classifications were evaluated, the morphologic classic evaluation (Veeck, 1990) and all blastomeres intact at the time of embryo transfer. We also discuss the clinic parameters and the physiopathological causes implicated in the successful of this treatment. 176 ovarian stimulation cycles and 513 cryopreserved embryos were reviewed. We found better pregnancy rate and delivery rate in embryo transfers were at least one embryo had all blastomeres intact compare with the transfers with good quality embryos (1+, 2+) of the morphologic classic evaluation without statistic significance (p > 0.05). Pregnancy and delivery rate were higher in cases with embryo in pronuclear stage compare with cleavage stage (p < 0.05). The blastomeric harm disturbs the embryo implantation phase and the future is oriented to the microsurgical remove of the damaged blastomeres and the use of assisted hatching.