Práctica Avanzada En Enfermería. Experiencia sobre la implementación en una unidad de oncología / Experience on the implementation of the advanced clinical nursing practice in an oncology unit

Introducción: cambios sociales y políticos han provocado un aumento de la demanda de los servicios de salud favoreciendo la aparición de distintos perfiles profesionales bajo el término de Enfermera de Práctica Avanzada (EPA). La EPA es una enfermera que ha adquirido una base de conocimiento experto, habilidades para la toma de decisiones y competencias clínicas para una práctica ampliada. En Españ;a, debido al proceso de Bolonia y los cambios en la Universidad, como la formación de posgrado, han empezado a emerger estos perfiles. Objetivo: describir la experiencia en la implementación del rol avanzado en enfermería en una unidad de hospitalización de oncología. Desarrollo: a través de las nueve etapas del marco conocido como Proceso Participativo para la Enfermería de Práctica Avanzada centrado en el Paciente y basado en la Evidencia (PEPPA) se explica el proceso de implementación de la EPA en una unidad de oncología. Para ello se realizó el proyecto de cambio «Elaboración de un programa de cuidados para pacientes portadores de un catéter drenaje permanente para ascitis y derrame pleural malignos», fundamentándolo en la teoría y en la práctica basada en la evidencia y centrado en el paciente y familia. Su implementación ha permitido el desarrollo de competencias por parte de la EPA y la identificación de barreras y facilitadores. Conclusiones: los cambios surgidos en la sociedad favorecen el desarrollo de nuevos perfiles de enfermería, que tienen un impacto positivo en las instituciones, profesionales de enfermería, pacientes y familias(AU)

Introduction: social and political changes have created an increased in the demand of health care enabling the emergence of diverse professional profiles under the term Advanced Practice Nurse (APN). The APN is a nurse who has acquired a basis of expert knowledge, skills for decision making, and clinical competencies for an extended practice. In Spain, due to the Bologna process and the changes within university, such as postgraduate training, these profiles have begun to emerge. Objective: To describe the experience on the implementation of the advanced clinical nursing role in an inpatient oncology unit. Development: Through the nine stages of the model known as Participatory, Evidence-Based Patient-Focused Process for Advanced Practice Nursing (PEPPA) the process of implementation of the Advanced Practice Nursing (APN) in an Oncology unit is described. For this purpose, the change project "Design of a care program for patients carrying a permanent draining catheter for malign ascitis and pleural effusion" was implemented. The project was grounded on the evidence-based theory and practice, and focused on the patient and the family. Its implementation has enabled the development of competences by the APN and the identification of barriers and facilitators. Conclusions: The changes that have taken place in society favor the development of new nursing profiles, which have a positive impact on the institutions, nursing practitioners, patients and families(AU)

[Experience on the implementation of the advanced clinical nursing practice in an oncology unit]. / Práctica avanzada en enfermería. Experiencia sobre la implementación en una unidad de oncología.

INTRODUCTION: Social and political changes have created an increased in the demand of health care enabling the emergence of diverse professional profiles under the term Advanced Practice Nurse (APN). The APN is a nurse who has acquired a basis of expert knowledge, skills for decision making, and clinical competencies for an extended practice. In Spain, due to the Bologna process and the changes within university, such as postgraduate training, these profiles have begun to emerge. OBJECTIVE: To describe the experience on the implementation of the advanced clinical nursing role in an inpatient oncology unit. DEVELOPMENT: Through the nine stages of the model known as Participatory, Evidence-Based Patient-Focused Process for Advanced Practice Nursing (PEPPA) the process of implementation of the Advanced Practice Nursing (APN) in an Oncology unit is described. For this purpose, the change project "Design of a care program for patients carrying a permanent draining catheter for malign ascitis and pleural effusion" was implemented. The project was grounded on the evidence-based theory and practice, and focused on the patient and the family. Its implementation has enabled the development of competences by the APN and the identification of barriers and facilitators. CONCLUSIONS: The changes that have taken place in society favor the development of new nursing profiles, which have a positive impact on the institutions, nursing practitioners, patients and families.