[Small cell carcinoma of the ovary pulmonary type]. / Carcinoma ovárico de células pequeñas de tipo pulmonar.

Ovarian small cell pulmonary type carcinoma is a rare and aggressive tumor with higher incidence in young women. Multidisciplinary treatment seems to increase survival in a small number of cases. We present the case of a woman diagnosed with this type of tumor of small cells, their clinical evolution and the treatment he received.

Adjusted carbohydrate antigen 19-9. Correlation with histological grade in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.

BACKGROUND: The serum level of carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) depends on the tumor size and differentiation grade. Jaundice can cause an elevation of serum CA 19-9, although the nature of this interaction is not fully understood. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This was a retrospective study of 26 patients with potentially resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Serum CA 19-9 was correlated with the histological differentiation. CA 19-9 adjusted for serum bilirubin was determined and analyzed. RESULTS: No correlation between CA 19-9 and histological differentiation was determined (p>0.05). The median adjusted CA 19-9 level was significantly lower (p=0.01) in patients with normal biliary excretion than those with bilirubin levels >2 mg/dL. CONCLUSION: These data are consonant with the theory of a dual contribution to the serum CA 19-9 level from biliary obstruction and tumor cell synthesis.

[Open vs. closed abdomen in acute peritonitis. A comparative study]. / Abdomen abierto vs cerrado en peritonitis grave por traumatismo. Estudio comparativo.

INTRODUCTION: Open abdomen is a management alternative that, however, is not exempt from complications. We evaluated, in a comparative manner, the handling with open abdomen (OA) against closed abdomen (CA) in treatment of patients with severe peritonitis for traumatic lesion. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We carried out an observational, retrospective, longitudinal, and comparative study. It included patients managed with diagnosis severe peritonitis due to abdominal trauma between 1998 and 2000. They were divided into two groups, according to management with OA or CA. We compared age, sex, trauma type, severity of lesion, morbility and mortality. RESULTS: 12 patients were managed with OA, which presented longer hospitalization and 24 with CA who in turn presented a greater lesion severity. There were statistical differences in other parameters, including complications and mortality. However, patients managed with OA frequently presented more complications. DISCUSSION: OA does not improve morbility and mortality of patients, although they presented less severe lesions that those managed with CA.

Abdomen abierto vs cerrado en peritonitis grave por traumatismo: Estudio comparativo / Open vs. Closed Abdomen in Acute Peritonitis: A comparative Study

Introducción: el abdomen abierto es una alternativa de manejo que, sin embargo no está exento de complicaciones. Se evaluó de forma comparativa el manejo con abdomen abierto (AA) contra el cerrado (AC) en el tratamiento de pacientes con peritonitis grave por lesión traumática. Material y métodos: se realizó un estudio observacional, retrospectivo, longitudinal y comparativo, incluyó los pacientes con diagnóstico de peritonitis grave por traumatismo abdominal manejados entre 1998 y2000. Se dividieron en dos grupos, de acuerdo al manejo con AA o AC. Se compararon edad, sexo, tipo de traumatismo, gravedad de la lesión, morbilidad y mortalidad. Resultados: se manejaron 12 pacientes con AA, los cuales presentaron mayor tiempo de hospitalización y 24 con AC, que a su vez presentaron una mayor gravedad de lesión. No existieron diferencias estadísticas en los demás parámetros, incluyendo complicaciones y mortalidad. Sin embargo, los pacientes manejados con AA presentaron complicaciones más frecuentemente. Discusión: el uso del AA no mejoró la morbilidad y mortalidad de los pacientes en los que se usó, a pesar de que presentaron lesiones menos graves que los manejados con AC.

Introduction: Open abdomen is a management alternative that, however, is not exempt from complications. We evaluated, in a comparative manner, the handling with open abdomen (OA) against closed abdomen (CA) in treatment of patients with severe peritonitis for traumatic lesion. Material and methods: We carried out an observational, retrospective, longitudinal, and comparative study. It included patients managed with diagnosis severe peritonitis due to abdominal trauma between 1998 and 2000. They were divided into two groups, according to management with OA or CA. We compared age, sex, trauma type, severity of lesion, morbility and mortality. Results: 12 patients were managed with OA, which presented longer hospitalization and 2 4 with CA who in turn presented a greater lesion severity. There were statistical differences in other parameters, including complications and mortality. However, patients managed with OA frequently presented more complications. Discussion: OA does not improve morbility and mortality of patients, although they presented less severe lesions that those managed with CA.

[Traumatic subarachnoid-pleural fistula secondary to non-penetrating thoracic gunshot wound]. / Fístula subaracnoidea-pleural traumática por herida de bala no penetrante en tórax.

INTRODUCTION: Traumatic subarachnoid-pleural fistula (TSPF) is very unusual and is due to the anomalous communication between the pleural and subarachnoid space. We report a TSPF by Bullet wound that was not penetrating to the thoracic cavity. CLINICAL CASE: Masculine of 34 years-old that receives wounded by bullet in the posterior face of thorax. A pleural effusion was identified and medullar wound with fracture of the fifth thoracic vertebra. The effusion is persist and also added headache appear. TSPF was diagnosed for myelography. The patient die before carrying out the surgical treatment. A massive tromboemboly of lug was the cause. The autopsy confirmed the diagnosis. DISCUSSION: The TSPF should be suspected by the association of medullar lesion with a persistent pleural effusion. The diagnosis should be confirmed by radiology. The treatment can be medical or surgical.

Fístula subaracnoidea-pleural traumßtica por herida de bala no penetrante en tórax / Traumatic subarachnoid-pleural fistula secondary to non-penetrating thoracic gunshot wound

INTRODUCTION: Traumatic subarachnoid-pleural fistula (TSPF) is very unusual and is due to the anomalous communication between the pleural and subarachnoid space. We report a TSPF by Bullet wound that was not penetrating to the thoracic cavity. CLINICAL CASE: Masculine of 34 years-old that receives wounded by bullet in the posterior face of thorax. A pleural effusion was identified and medullar wound with fracture of the fifth thoracic vertebra. The effusion is persist and also added headache appear. TSPF was diagnosed for myelography. The patient die before carrying out the surgical treatment. A massive tromboemboly of lug was the cause. The autopsy confirmed the diagnosis. DISCUSSION: The TSPF should be suspected by the association of medullar lesion with a persistent pleural effusion. The diagnosis should be confirmed by radiology. The treatment can be medical or surgical.

Estrangulación gástrica secundaria a hernia diafragmática traumática. Presentación de un caso / Gastric strangulation secondary to traumatic diaphragmatic hernia. Presentation of a case

Objetivo: Reportar una estrangulación gástrica secundaria a hernia diafragmática traumática. Introducción: La ruptura diafragmática ocurre en el 5 por ciento de los pacientes con trauma toracoabdominal severo y la hernia de vísceras abdominales a tórax ocurre en el 45 a 60 por ciento de los casos. El órgano más frecuente herniado es el estómago. La estrangulación gástrica es una complicación rara. Caso clínico: Paciente masculino de 57 años con trauma toracoabdominal severo de tres días de evolución. Acude al hospital con dificultad respiratoria severa. Se diagnostica hernia diafragmática y se realiza laparotomía. Encontramos necrosis del fondo y el cuerpo gástrico por la hernia, resecando dichos segmentos. Ante la duda sobre la viabilidad de la porción distal del esófago y proximal del estómago se difiere 12 horas la anastomosis. En el posoperatorio se presentó una fístula gastrocutánea que resolvió con manejo médico y quirúrgico. Conclusiones: El diagnóstico de hernia gástrica diafragmática traumática puede pasar desapercibido cuando no existe la sospecha clínica. Los estudios radiográficos constituyen un buen auxiliar diagnóstico. El manejo de la estrangulación gástrica no está exento de morbilidad. Como medida para diminuirla sugerimos la gastrectomía total sobre la parcial, en los casos que lo ameriten, con anastomosis primaria.