RESUMO
The chromosome composition of the blue-grain line i:S29Ba of the cultivar Saratovskaya 29 was identified by cytological, GISH, and microsatellite analyses and C-banding. It was found that common wheat chromosome 4B of the cultivar Saratovskaya 29 was substituted with the Agropyron elongatum Host. chromosome carrying the gene for blue grain (s:S294Ag(4B)) during the construction of this nearly isogenic line. The blue-grain line was tested for productivity. The substitution of total chromosome 4B of the cultivar Saratovskaya 29 by Ag. elongatum chromosome 4 did not significantly affect the spike productivity parameters and grain quality with the exception of spike length (plus effect), spike density, and vitreousness (minus effects). The blue-grain line with s:S294Ag(4B) can be used in further studies associated with chromosome engineering in cereals and wheat breeding.
Assuntos
Cruzamento , Cromossomos de Plantas/genética , Pigmentos Biológicos/genética , Triticum , Agropyron/citologia , Agropyron/genética , Cor , Hibridização Genética , Cariótipo , Repetições de Microssatélites , Sementes/genética , Triticum/citologia , Triticum/genéticaRESUMO
Using genomic in situ hybridization, among the common wheat cultivars produced in West Siberia (Siberian Research Institute of Agriculture, Omsk) with the involvement of the winter wheat cultivar Kavkaz carrying the wheat-rye 1RS.1BL translocation we identified three cultivars with this translocation: Omskaya 29, Omskaya 37, and Omskaya 38. The protein and crude gluten contents in the grain of these cultivars are equal to or exceed the levels observed in cultivars without the wheat-rye translocation. The common wheat cultivars carrying the wheat-rye translocation were evaluated in terms of resistance of plants reaching wax ripeness to leaf rust and powdery mildew in the natural field conditions. The cultivars Omskaya 37 and Omskaya 38 displayed a high field resistance to leaf rust and were resistant to a variable extent to powdery mildew. The cultivar Omskaya 29 was susceptible to leaf rust and powdery mildew pathogens. Importance of the selection direction and the role of the genetic background in developing common wheat cultivars carrying the wheat-rye translocation is discussed.
Assuntos
Cromossomos de Plantas/genética , Secale/genética , Translocação Genética , Triticum/genética , Ascomicetos , Basidiomycota , Doenças das Plantas/genética , Triticum/microbiologiaRESUMO
The results of study of content of hydrocarbons, lipids, protein, carbohydrate and glycogen in mollusks from regions of different pollution are given.
