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1.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 63(4): 316-319, jul.-ago. 2019. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-188921

RESUMO

Un 5-10% de las trombosis venosas profundas ocurren en el miembro superior. Su causa más frecuente suele ser secundaria a cáncer, catéter venoso central, tratamiento con radio-quimioterapia u hormonal. Con menor frecuencia, los traumatismos en la región del hombro también pueden ser causantes de una trombosis venosa profunda. Su diagnóstico probablemente sea más complejo que en la extremidad inferior debido a su baja frecuencia, así como por la clínica que presenta, siendo un 50% de los casos asintomáticos o presentando tan solo una cervicalgia u omalgia leves. Debido a su infrecuencia, las recomendaciones terapéuticas se basan en la evidencia indirecta de estudios de la trombosis venosa profunda de la extremidad inferior, siendo la anticoagulación oral el mejor tratamiento. Presentamos un caso clínico de trombosis venosa profunda en miembro superior tras sufrir traumatismo directo en el hombro por una caída con bicicleta de montaña, causando una luxación acromioclavicular grado III de Rockwood


Around 5%-10% of deep vein thrombosis occurs in the upper limb. Its most frequent cause is usually cancer, central venous catheter, radio-chemotherapy or hormonal treatment. Less commonly, trauma around the shoulder region can also be a cause of deep vein thrombosis. Its diagnosis is probably more complex than in the lower limb due to its low frequency and clinical suspicion, as well as the clinical presentation, 50% of the cases being asymptomatic or presenting only with mild neck pain or omalgia. Because of their infrequency, therapeutic recommendations are based on indirect evidence from studies of deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb, considering oral anticoagulation the best treatment. We report a case of deep vein thrombosis in the upper limb after trauma to the shoulder causing grade III Rockwood acromioclavicular dislocation


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Articulação Acromioclavicular/lesões , Luxações Articulares/complicações , Trombose Venosa Profunda de Membros Superiores/etiologia , Veia Subclávia , Trombose Venosa Profunda de Membros Superiores/diagnóstico por imagem , Trombose Venosa Profunda de Membros Superiores/tratamento farmacológico
2.
Artigo em Inglês, Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30898573

RESUMO

Around 5%-10% of deep vein thrombosis occurs in the upper limb. Its most frequent cause is usually cancer, central venous catheter, radio-chemotherapy or hormonal treatment. Less commonly, trauma around the shoulder region can also be a cause of deep vein thrombosis. Its diagnosis is probably more complex than in the lower limb due to its low frequency and clinical suspicion, as well as the clinical presentation, 50% of the cases being asymptomatic or presenting only with mild neck pain or omalgia. Because of their infrequency, therapeutic recommendations are based on indirect evidence from studies of deep vein thrombosis of the lower limb, considering oral anticoagulation the best treatment. We report a case of deep vein thrombosis in the upper limb after trauma to the shoulder causing grade III Rockwood acromioclavicular dislocation.


Assuntos
Articulação Acromioclavicular/lesões , Luxações Articulares/complicações , Trombose Venosa Profunda de Membros Superiores/etiologia , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Veia Subclávia , Trombose Venosa Profunda de Membros Superiores/diagnóstico por imagem , Trombose Venosa Profunda de Membros Superiores/tratamento farmacológico
3.
Acta ortop. mex ; 32(6): 347-353, nov.-dic. 2018. tab, graf
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: biblio-1248617

RESUMO

Resumen: Introducción: La fractura de cadera es una causa de importante morbimortalidad y a menudo se asocia a una elevada tasa de transfusión sanguínea, terapia no exenta de complicaciones. El objetivo del estudio es evaluar los factores dependientes e independientes del acto transfusional, así como elaborar un algoritmo que nos permita realizar una toma de decisiones basada en un modelo estadístico racionalizando el empleo de sangre alogénica. Material y métodos: Estudio prospectivo sobre 100 pacientes mayores de 65 años intervenidos por fractura de cadera de forma consecutiva. Se analizaron datos demográficos, toma de fármacos, comorbilidad, analítica pre- y postoperatoria, tipo de fractura y los relativos a la cirugía valorando de forma uni- y bivariada los factores determinantes del acto transfusional para controlar el posible sesgo de confusión. Resultados: Tras la aplicación del modelo bivariante de regresión logística sólo la Hb al ingreso (p = 0.04, OR = 0.451) y el tipo de fractura (p = 0.003, OR = 5.479) se consideraron asociadas al acto transfusional. El valor de la Hb al ingreso genera una curva ROC con un área bajo la curva de 0.848, aceptable para valorar la probabilidad de transfusión. Un valor de Hb al ingreso inferior a 12.15 g/dl predeciría de forma correcta la transfusión con una sensibilidad de 80% y una especificidad de 85 %. Conclusiones: La presencia de anemia preoperatoria y la fractura extracapsular de cadera generan un alto riesgo de necesidad transfusional, mientras que es improbable en fracturas intracapsulares sin anemia al ingreso. En nuestra serie existe un valor analítico que predice de forma satisfactoria 80% de las transfusiones sanguíneas.


Abstract: Introduction: Hip fracture is a cause of major morbidity and mortality and is often associated with high blood transfusion rate, non-complication-free therapy. The objective of the study is to evaluate the factors dependent and independent of the transfusional act, as well as to elaborate an algorithm that allows us to make a decision making based on a statistical model rationalizing the use of blood. Material and methods: Prospective study on 100 patients older than 65 years intervened for hip fracture consecutively. We analyzed demographic data, drug taking, comorbidity, pre- and postoperative analytics, type of fracture and those related to surgery valuing uni- and bivariate determinants of the Transfusional Act to control the possible bias of confusion. Results: Following the application of the bivariate logistic regression model only the HB at the admission (p = 0.04, OR = 0.451) and the type of fracture (p = 0.003, OR = 5.479) were considered associated with the transfusion act. The value of initial HB generates a ROC curve with an area under the curve of 0.848, acceptable to assess the probability of transfusion. An initial HB value lower of 12.15 g/dl will predict the transfusion with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 85%. Conclusion: The presence of preoperative anemia and extracapsular hip fractures generate a high risk of transfusion need, while it is unlikely in intracapsular fractures without anemia at admission. In our series there is an analytical value that predicts satisfactorily 80% of blood transfusions.


Assuntos
Humanos , Transfusão de Sangue , Hemoglobinas/análise , Fraturas do Quadril , Anemia/complicações , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco
4.
Acta Ortop Mex ; 32(6): 347-353, 2018.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31184006

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: Hip fracture is a cause of major morbidity and mortality and is often associated with high blood transfusion rate, non-complication-free therapy. The objective of the study is to evaluate the factors dependent and independent of the transfusional act, as well as to elaborate an algorithm that allows us to make a decision making based on a statistical model rationalizing the use of blood. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Prospective study on 100 patients older than 65 years intervened for hip fracture consecutively. We analyzed demographic data, drug taking, comorbidity, pre- and postoperative analytics, type of fracture and those related to surgery valuing uni- and bivariate determinants of the Transfusional Act to control the possible bias of confusion. RESULTS: Following the application of the bivariate logistic regression model only the HB at the admission (p = 0.04, or = 0.451) and the type of fracture (p = 0.003, or = 5.479) were considered associated with the transfusion act. The value of initial HB generates a ROC curve with an area under the curve of 0.848, acceptable to assess the probability of transfusion. An initial HB value lower of 12.15 g/dl will predict the transfusion with a sensitivity of 80% and a specificity of 85%. CONCLUSION: The presence of preoperative anemia and extracapsular hip fractures generate a high risk of transfusion need, while it is unlikely in intracapsular fractures without anemia at admission. In our series there is an analytical value that predicts satisfactorily 80% of blood transfusions.


INTRODUCCIÓN: La fractura de cadera es una causa de importante morbimortalidad y a menudo se asocia a una elevada tasa de transfusión sanguínea, terapia no exenta de complicaciones. El objetivo del estudio es evaluar los factores dependientes e independientes del acto transfusional, así como elaborar un algoritmo que nos permita realizar una toma de decisiones basada en un modelo estadístico racionalizando el empleo de sangre alogénica. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: Estudio prospectivo sobre 100 pacientes mayores de 65 años intervenidos por fractura de cadera de forma consecutiva. Se analizaron datos demográficos, toma de fármacos, comorbilidad, analítica pre- y postoperatoria, tipo de fractura y los relativos a la cirugía valorando de forma uni- y bivariada los factores determinantes del acto transfusional para controlar el posible sesgo de confusión. RESULTADOS: Tras la aplicación del modelo bivariante de regresión logística sólo la Hb al ingreso (p = 0.04, OR = 0.451) y el tipo de fractura (p = 0.003, OR = 5.479) se consideraron asociadas al acto transfusional. El valor de la Hb al ingreso genera una curva ROC con un área bajo la curva de 0.848, aceptable para valorar la probabilidad de transfusión. Un valor de Hb al ingreso inferior a 12.15 g/dl predeciría de forma correcta la transfusión con una sensibilidad de 80% y una especificidad de 85 %. CONCLUSIONES: La presencia de anemia preoperatoria y la fractura extracapsular de cadera generan un alto riesgo de necesidad transfusional, mientras que es improbable en fracturas intracapsulares sin anemia al ingreso. En nuestra serie existe un valor analítico que predice de forma satisfactoria 80% de las transfusiones sanguíneas.


Assuntos
Anemia , Transfusão de Sangue , Hemoglobinas , Fraturas do Quadril , Anemia/complicações , Hemoglobinas/análise , Humanos , Estudos Prospectivos , Fatores de Risco
5.
Rev. esp. cir. ortop. traumatol. (Ed. impr.) ; 59(1): 44-51, ene.-feb. 2015. tab, ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-132377

RESUMO

Objetivo. Evaluar los resultados de un implante de poliuretano en 10 pacientes con dolor persistente tras meniscectomía parcial. Material y métodos. Estudio prospectivo descriptivo de 10 pacientes que fueron intervenidos para colocación artroscópica de un implante meniscal de poliuretano. Se realizó evaluación funcional, de resonancia magnética y radiología simple antes de la intervención, a los 6 meses, un año, y en el seguimiento final con un mínimo de dos años. La evaluación clínica incluyó las escalas de Lysholm, KOOS y EVA. En resonancia magnética (RM) se evaluó la morfología y la intensidad de la señal del implante según los criterios de Genovese et al. Resultados. Se encontraron diferencias significativas entre la media de puntuación de Lysholm antes de la cirugía (63,5 puntos), a los 6 meses (76,8 puntos) (p = 0,001), al año (83,3 puntos) (p < 0,001) y al final del seguimiento (84,4 puntos) (p < 0,001). En la puntuación del KOOS se hallaron diferencias significativas entre las medias en el preoperatorio (64,23 puntos) y 6 meses (73,66 puntos) (p = 0,001), un año (81,39 puntos) (p < 0,001) y el seguimiento final (83,34 puntos) (p < 0,001). Los valores promedio de la EVA fueron de 5,7 puntos en el preoperatorio, 3,6 puntos a los 6 meses (p < 0,001), 1,9 puntos al año (p < 0,001) y 1,9 puntos al final del seguimiento (p < 0,001). La radiología mostró cambios degenerativos en un caso. En la RM, el tamaño del implante y la intensidad de la señal de RM disminuyeron progresivamente, no llegando a alcanzar nunca los de un menisco normal. Conclusiones. Veinticuatro meses después de la cirugía se ha encontrado una mejora significativa en todos los parámetros clínicos, salvo en un paciente que precisó reintervención. El tamaño del implante se redujo y en ningún caso se alcanzó una imagen de RM similar a la de un menisco normal. El procedimiento demostró ser seguro y útil para el tratamiento del dolor persistente tras meniscectomía (AU)


Purpose. To present the results of a polyurethane meniscal scaffold implant in 10 patients with persistent pain after meniscectomy. Methods. Prospective, descriptive study of ten patients who underwent arthroscopic implantation of a polyurethane meniscal scaffold. Functional, MRI, and radiography assessment was performed pre-operatively and at 6-months, 1-year, and a final follow-up at a minimum of two years. Clinical evaluation included Lysholm score, KOOS and VAS. The MRI morphology and signal intensity of the implant were evaluated according to the criteria of Genovese et al. Results. Statistically significant differences were found between the mean Lysholm score before surgery (63.5 points), and that at 6 months (76.8 points) (p = .001), one year (83.3 points) (p < .001) and final follow-up (84.4 points) (p < .001). KOOS showed significant differences between before surgery (64.23 points), 6 months (73.66 points) (p = .001), one year (81.39 points) (p < .001) and final follow-up (83.34 points) (p < .001). The mean values for VAS were 5.7 points in the pre-operative evaluation, 3.6 points at 6 months-follow-up (p < .001), 1.9 points at one year (p < .001), and 1.9 points at final follow-up (p < .001). Radiology showed degenerative changes in one case. In MRI, the size of the implant and the intensity of the MRI signal gradually decreased, but it never changed to that of a normal meniscus. Conclusion. A significant improvement was found in all the clinical parameters 24 months after the surgery, except in one patient who underwent furher surgery. The scaffold reduced its size and but never achieved an MRI image similar to that of a normal meniscus (AU)


The procedure proved to be safe and useful for the treatment of persistent pain after meniscectomy (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Adolescente , Adulto Jovem , Adulto , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Prótese do Joelho , Joelho/patologia , Joelho , Joelho/cirurgia , Procedimentos Ortopédicos/métodos , Aparelhos Ortopédicos/tendências , Aparelhos Ortopédicos , Artroscopia/métodos , Artroscopia/reabilitação , Artroplastia do Joelho , Avaliação de Resultado de Intervenções Terapêuticas/métodos , Avaliação de Resultado de Intervenções Terapêuticas/tendências , Estudos Prospectivos , Imageamento por Ressonância Magnética , Telemetria/métodos
6.
Rev Esp Cir Ortop Traumatol ; 59(1): 44-51, 2015.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25312257

RESUMO

PURPOSE: To present the results of a polyurethane meniscal scaffold implant in 10 patients with persistent pain after meniscectomy. METHODS: Prospective, descriptive study of ten patients who underwent arthroscopic implantation of a polyurethane meniscal scaffold. Functional, MRI, and radiography assessment was performed pre-operatively and at 6-months, 1-year, and a final follow-up at a minimum of two years. Clinical evaluation included Lysholm score, KOOS and VAS. The MRI morphology and signal intensity of the implant were evaluated according to the criteria of Genovese et al. RESULTS: Statistically significant differences were found between the mean Lysholm score before surgery (63.5 points), and that at 6 months (76.8 points) (p=.001), one year (83.3 points) (p<.001) and final follow-up (84.4 points) (p<.001). KOOS showed significant differences between before surgery (64.23 points), 6 months (73.66 points) (p=.001), one year (81.39 points) (p<.001) and final follow-up (83.34 points) (p<.001). The mean values for VAS were 5.7 points in the pre-operative evaluation, 3.6 points at 6 months-follow-up (p<.001), 1.9 points at one year (p<.001), and 1.9 points at final follow-up (p<.001). Radiology showed degenerative changes in one case. In MRI, the size of the implant and the intensity of the MRI signal gradually decreased, but it never changed to that of a normal meniscus. CONCLUSION: A significant improvement was found in all the clinical parameters 24 months after the surgery, except in one patient who underwent furher surgery. The scaffold reduced its size and but never achieved an MRI image similar to that of a normal meniscus. The procedure proved to be safe and useful for the treatment of persistent pain after meniscectomy.


Assuntos
Implantes Absorvíveis , Artroscopia , Meniscos Tibiais/cirurgia , Dor Pós-Operatória/terapia , Poliuretanos , Adolescente , Adulto , Feminino , Seguimentos , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Estudos Prospectivos , Resultado do Tratamento , Adulto Jovem
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