[OPTIMAL HYPERCAPNIC HYPOXIA CONDITIONS FOR INCREASING RESISTANCE TO ACUTE HYPOXIA].

The study was focused on finding an optimal length of hypercapnia-hypoxia sessions of training resistance to acute hypoxia and looking for benefits from reoxygenation intervals and intermittent training over daytime. It turned out that 3 days of a 5-minute hypercapnia-hypoxia session per day improved resistance to acute hypoxia explicitly and that a 30-minute session increased resistance to the highest rate. Two training sessions per day are no better than one session. Hypercapnia-hypoxia training with reoxygenation intervals are the least effective in comparison to the other modes of training.

Neuroprotective effects of individual or combined exposure to hypoxia and hypercapnia in the experiment.

We studied the effects of hypoxic, hypercapnic, and hypercapnic-hypoxic exposures on brain tolerance to ischemia. All respiratory training modes had a neuroprotective effect, but the most pronounced effect was observed after exposure to hypercapnic hypoxia. Experimental stroke in rats preliminary exposed to hypercapnic hypoxia was associated with minimal neurological deficit and motor coordination disturbances in comparison with training modes.

[Syndrome of intraabdominal hypertension among ill persons with peritonitis].

The article presents results of measuring and dynamics of intraabdominal tension (IAT) by 108 patients with peritonitis. Was proved that in conditions of peritonitis IAT increases more then 10 mm Hg in 77.8% cases, also syndrome of hypertension was marked in 8.3% cases. Was found a fixed statically important correlation connection between sign of IST and frequency of inflammatory process of stomach and after stomach space (p < 0.05), and also between level of IAT and gravity of condition on scale APACHE II, SOFA (p < 0.05). Using of method of laparostomya in combination with intubation of bowel is the most effective method, directed on prophylaxis and treatment of intraabdominal hypertension among ill persons with peritonitis.

[Syndrome of intraabdominal hypertension in patients with destructive forms of pancreatitis].

Results of intraabdominal pressure examination in 129 patients with acute destructive pancreatitis are presented. It is demonstrated that pancreonecrosis was associated with intraabdominal pressure rise in 78% cases, and intraabdominal hypertension syndrome developed in 9.3% patients. Prolonged intraabdominal hypertension in patients with advanced pancreonecrosis requires laparotomy. Correlation between intraabdominal hypertension and diffusion of pancreatogenic intra- and retroabdominal inflammation, and also between intraabdominal hypertension and condition severity according to APACHE II scale is demonstrated.

[Can the intra-abdominal hypertension be the cause of poly-organic insufficiency during the destructive pancreatitis?].

The results of measurement and dynamics of intra-abdominal pressure obtained in 129 patients with acute destructive pancreatitis are presented. It was revealed that in 78% cases the pancreatonecrosis is accompanied by increase in intra-abdominal pressure (IAP); the intra-abdominal hypertension have developed in 9,3% patients. The prolonged intra-abdominal hypertension in the patients with progressive pancreatonecrosis requires the performance of laparotomy, which contributes to decrease in intra-abdominal pressure. The dependence between IAP value and dissemination of pancreatogenic inflammatory process in abdominal cavity and retroperitoneal space as well as between IAP level and condition gravity according to APACHE II scale was revealed.

[The hemostatic effect of vagotomy in acute gastroduodenal ulcers complicated by massive hemorrhage]. / Gemostaticheskii éffekt vagotomii pri ostrykh gastroduodenal'nykh iazvakh, oslozhnennykh massivnym krovotecheniem.

The clinico-experimental investigation has shown high efficiency of the bilateral subdiaphragmatic truncal vagotomy in treatment of patients with acute gastroduodenal ulcers complicated by massive hemorrhage. The haemostatic effect of the operation is related to the inhibited acid gastric secretion, proteolytic activity of the intragastric content as well as to the activation of serotonin-containing cells and increased tonus of the sympathetic nervous system, which is responsible for gastric vessel spasm, shortens time of bleeding, increases the amount of thrombocytes and their aggregation. When vagotomy with interventions draining the stomach is not possible, suturing (dissection) of bleeding acute ulcers is recommended in combination with prolonged novocain blockade of vagus nerves.

[Prevention and treatment of stress-induced ulcers]. / Profilaktika i lechenie stress-iazv.

The data presented show that along with acid-peptic aggression an important role in pathogenesis of stress ulceration in the stomach and duodenum belongs to energy and immune deficiency which makes the correction of these alterations necessary. The timely and valuable conservative therapy including histamine H2-receptor blocking agents in addition to antacids and endoscopic electrocoagulation in case of profuse bleeding from stress ulcers allows to obtain hemostasis and healing of the ulcers more than in 90% of cases. When choosing the surgical method of treatment the preference should be given to atraumatic organ-preserving operations.

[Status of the acid and pepsin-producing functions of the stomach in patients after abdominal surgery]. / Sostoianie kislotno- i pepsinoobrazuiushchei funktsii zheludka u bo'lnykh posle operatsii na organakh briushnoi polosti.

A combination of methods was used to study gastric secretion and intragastric proteolysis in the early postoperative period after traumatic surgical interventions on the abdominal organs. Activation of the acid-peptic aggression was established in the first three days with its maximal manifestations occurring during night, which is evidence of the predominance of the vagus influence. Acute gastric and duodenal ulcers arise, as a rule, in the presence of hypersecretion even if achlorhydria is indicated in case records.

[Changes in the functional activity of the kidneys after irradiation of the para-aortic lymph nodes in patients with seminoma and lymphogranulomatosis]. / Izmenenie funktsional'noi aktivnosti pochek posle oblucheniia paraaortal'nykh limfaticheskikh uzlov u bolnykh seminomoi i limfogranulematozom.

During treatment of seminomas and lymphogranulomatosis, the paraaortal lymph nodes are subjected to irradiation, the dose of ionizing radiation to the renal area ranging from 12 to 48 Gy. Irradiation of the kidneys leads to both functional and organic lesions because of their anatomical proximity to the regional lymph nodes. Seventy patients with seminoma and lymphogranulomatosis who received therapeutic irradiation for the paraaortal lymph nodes were examined. Of these, 13 manifested functional lesions in the kidneys during the whole observation period, whereas in 14 patients, these abnormalities occurred after radiation therapy. In 9 patients, they were seen in the long-term period.

[Operating mock-up of a scintillation gamma chamber]. / Deistvuiushchii maket stsintilliatsionnoi gamma-kamery.

An operating model constructed by using devices, components and materials batch manufactured by the Soviet industry has been designed. The basic parameters of the model lie within the bounds corresponding to the most widely used types of the foreign-made gamma-chambers. The phanthom tests set up on the model and clinical investigations of the thyroid, as well as trial tests with point and linear technetium-99m sources showed the device to perform satisfactorily.