[Early Markers of Cardiovascular Risk in Women With Hereditary Burdening by Cardiovascular Diseases].

PURPOSE: to identify early markers of development of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) in women. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Female firstdegree relatives from 39 families formed 2 groups: families (n=19) containing mothers with arterial hypertension (AH) (group 1) and healthy daughters (group 1a); families (n=20) containing practically heathy mothers (group 2) and healthy daughters (group 2a). We assessed data of anamnesis, including registration of cardiovascular risk factors, and family history of CVD. Examination included registration of anthropometric parameters, automatic and manual measurement of intima-media thickness (IMT) and resistance indexes of brachiocephalic arteries (BCA). We also determined cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI), ankle-brachial index (ABI), and measured magnitude of ß-adrenoreception of membranes (ß-ARM) of erythrocytes in micro-quantities of venous blood. RESULTS: Mothers in both groups of families had excessive body mass or obesity. Mothers of group 1 had more pronounced signs of abdominal obesity (AO). They also had abnormalities of IMT and sings of subclinical atherosclerosis of BCA. CAVI in this group was significantly higher than in group 2. In group 1a median BMI (25.5 kg/m2) and waist/hip ratio were significantly higher than in group 2a. Daughters of group 1a contrary to group 2a had abnormalities of vascular wall: increased automatically measured IMT of carotid arteries and elevated CAVI. Arterial pressure and heart rate (HR) in group 1a were within limits of physiological norm but significantly higher than in group 2a. All included women had elevated ß-ARM values but in group 1a this parameter was significantly higher than in group 2a and moderately correlated with HR. CONCLUSIONS: Risk factors of CVD development in women are AH, AO, high activity of the sympathoadrenal system. These factors provoke changes of vascular wall (elevation of its stiffness and early subclinical atherosclerosis). In daughters of mothers with AH important prognostic components of CVD risk in addition to family history of CVD are AO, systolic blood pressure (BP) >120 mm Hg, diastolic BP >78 mm Hg, HR approaching upper limit of physiological norm, and high CAVI (indicator of vascular wall stiffness).

[Cultivation of the gonococcus in nutrient broths]. / Kul'tivirovanie gonokokka v zhidkikh pitatel'nykh sredakh.

The dynamics of the multiplication of gonococci and the parameters of their growth have been studied in the process of batch cultivation in liquid culture media with different content of bovine blood serum. The protective and stimulating action of the serum on the growth of gonococci has been shown. The optimization of the process of cultivation has been carried out; as a result, the growth of test strains in a culture medium containing no serum has been achieved. Phasic changes in the ultrastructure of gonococci in the process of their cultivation in liquid media have been followed. 9- to 12-hour cultures of gonococci grown in liquid culture media have been found the most valuable and physiologically active.

[Use of live Flexner 2a 516M dysentery vaccine for the immunotherapy of acute and chronic dysentery]. / Ispol'zovanie zhivoi dizenteriinoi vaktsiny Fleksnera 2a 516M a tsel'iu immunoterapii ostroi i khronicheskoi dizenterii.

Live dysentery vaccine prepared from Sh. flexneri 2a 516 M, a spontaneous mutant, was used for the treatment of 153 patients with acute and chronic dysentery. A single oral administration in a dose of 25 X 10(9) live microbial cells and 2 oral administrations in doses of 25 X 10(9) and 50 X 10(9) live microbial cells did not induce the clinical aggravation of the disease, greatly reduced the time of the reparation of the intestinal mucosa and reduced the frequency and duration of excretion of the infective agent by patients with acute and chronic dysentery, as well as considerably enhanced the levels of IgG, IgM and particularly IgA in the blood and saliva of the vaccinees in comparison with the controls. These data indicate that live dysentery vaccine, when used for the immunotherapy of dysentery, possesses high immunological and antibacterial effectiveness.