Time series analysis of ambient air-temperature during the period 1970-2016 over Sydney, Australia.

Providing evidence of potential changes in the climate has become increasingly important as it is the first step towards adopting mitigation and adaptation measures and planning for urban resilience. In this study a statistical analysis of the ambient air temperature time series over Sydney, Australia during 1970-2016 has been carried out with the aim to investigate potential changes towards higher temperatures. The dataset has been statistically analyzed using different techniques, concluding that the investigation should be performed on a monthly basis. A persistence analysis was conducted using different statistical approaches to investigate the dependence between consecutive monthly and daily ambient air temperature values. A trend analysis of the ambient air temperature and degree days time series has been conducted using linear regression to estimate the linear trend (slope) and its statistical significance (using a Student-t-test) and the Kendall-Mann test to identify the time at which the tendency starts to occur as well as the time after which it becomes statistically significant.

[Acquired aphasia in a child with epilepsy (Landau-Kleffner syndrome). Comments apropos of a case with 1-year follow-up]. / Aphasie acquise de l'enfant avec épilepsie (syndrome de Landau-Kleffner). Réflexions à propos d'une observation durant un an.

Authors report a case of Landau-Kleffner syndrome in a 6 year old boy. Landau-Kleffner syndrome is a rare disorder characterized by the combination of acquired aphasia and epileptic abnormalities like diffuse spikes-and-waves in sleep EEG. Seizures are associated in 50 to 80% of cases and generally disappear at puberty. Behavior disorder ranges from minor psychomotor disturbances to psychotic-like features. Onset appears at an age between 3 to 7 years. The relationship between aphasia and epilepsy remains unclear, even if language improvement frequently follows EEG improvement. The hypothesis of an underlying encephalitis could explain the whole syndrome but is not yet validated. Therapy should associate antiepileptic drugs, corticosteroid treatment and speech therapy, but no controlled study is available to confirm this protocol. Aphasia recovery is generally incomplete. The evolution of behavior disorder is not well documented. In the reported case, one year after onset, sleep EEG again became normal, behavior disturbances had disappeared, but spoken language was still absent.