Plasmocitoma solitario de costilla como presentación inicial de mieloma múltiple: reporte de un caso / Lone rib plasmacytoma as a presentation of initial multiple myeloma: a case report

Resumen Introducción: El 50% de los tumores de pared torácica son malignos, dentro de los que destaca el plasmocitoma de costilla. Objetivo: Presentar un caso clínico que debutó inicialmente como un plasmocitoma de costilla, y que terminó presentándose como mieloma múltiple. Materiales y Método: Registro clínico de un paciente sometido a resección de tumor de parrilla costal. Resultados: Paciente masculino de 58 años, con un año de dolor costal, asociado a aumento de volumen a nivel de la octava costilla derecha en línea media axilar, indurada. TC de tórax que demuestra imagen sugerente de plasmocitoma de 79 × 44 mm. Se realiza resección quirúrgica, con instalación de malla de prolene en el defecto. Biopsia diferida con compromiso neoplásico por lesión monoclonal de células plasmáticas. Se complementa estudio con biopsia de médula ósea confirmando mieloma múltiple. Se inicia tratamiento con quimioterapia adyuvante. Conclusiones: El plasmocitoma óseo solitario es una entidad de baja frecuencia, que se asocia a la presencia de mieloma múltiple. Es por esto que al momento de la sospecha se hace necesario descartar su presencia, con el fin de mejorar el pronóstico del paciente.

Introduction: Up to 50% of chest wall tumors are malignant; among which rib plasmocytoma stand out. Aim: Showcase a clinical case that debuted as a rib plasmacytoma, and that ended up presenting as Multiple Myeloma. Materials and Method: Records of a patient with resection of chest wall tumor. Results: Male patient of 58 years, with one year of costal pain, associated with an indurated increase in volume at the level of the eighth right rib in the mid-axillary line. Chest CT scan demonstrated a suggestive image of plasmacytoma of 79 × 44 mm. Surgical resection was performed, with prolene mesh installation in the defect. Biopsy showed neoplastic compromise due to monoclonal lesion of plasma cells. Study is complemented with bone marrow biopsy confirming multiple myeloma. The patient was treated with adjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions: Solitary bone plasmacytoma is a low frequency entity, which is associated with the presence of multiple myeloma. At the moment of suspicion, it is necessary to rule out their presence, in order to improve the patient's prognosis.

Quinine disposition in globally malnourished children with cerebral malaria.

BACKGROUND: Both malnutrition and malaria affect drug disposition and are frequent among children in the tropics. We assessed their respective influence on quinine distribution. METHODS: Forty children were divided into 4 groups: children with normal nutritional status without (group 1) or with (group 2) cerebral malaria, and malnourished children without (group 3) or with (group 4) cerebral malaria. All children received an infusion of 8 mg/kg of a combination solution of cinchona alkaloids that contained 96.1% quinine, 2.5% quinidine, 0.68% cinchonine, and 0.67% cinchonidine (corresponding to 4.7 mg/kg quinine base). The children with malaria then received repeated infusions every 8 hours for 3 days. Pharmacokinetic profiles of plasma and erythrocyte quinine were determined during the first 8 hours, together with quinine protein binding. Additional measurements of plasma quinine concentrations were used to simulate quinine concentrations profiles in children with malaria with and without malnutrition. Clinical recovery and parasitemia clearance times were determined in the children with malaria. RESULTS: Compared with control children, malaria and malnutrition increased plasma concentrations of quinine and reduced both the volume of distribution and the total plasma clearance. Simultaneously, alglycoprotein plasma concentrations and protein-bound fraction of the drug were increased. Erythrocyte quinine concentrations correlated strongly with free plasma quinine but not with the extent of parasitemia. Similar effective and nontoxic quinine concentration profiles were obtained in malaria with and without malnutrition. CONCLUSIONS: Severe global malnutrition and cerebral malaria have a similar effect on quinine pharmacokinetics in children. Moderate malnutrition does not potentiate cerebral malaria-mediated modifications of quinine disposition. These results suggest that current parenteral quinine regimens can be used, unmodified, to treat children with both malaria and malnutrition.