Micro-computed tomography evaluation of the glenoid fossa and mandibular condyle bone after bilateral vertical ramus mandibular distraction in a canine model.

The aim of this study was to quantify bone microarchitecture within the glenoid fossa and mandibular condyle following mandibular distraction osteogenesis. Eight 6- to 9-month-old male beagle dogs underwent bilateral vertical mandibular distraction with semiburied distractors (12 days of distraction at 1 mm per day). One unoperated animal served as control. After distraction the animals were divided into two groups (N = 4) and killed after 1 or 2 months of consolidation. Three-dimensional trabecular architecture was analyzed by micro-computed tomography (microCT). At both sites the overall trends were similar. In the glenoid fossa, there was decreased bone volume, trabecular number, and connectivity density and increased trabecular separation at 1 month and decreased trabecular thickness and increased structure model index compared with the control (P < 0.05). In the mandibular condyle, there was decreased bone volume, trabecular number, and connectivity density at both 1 and 2 months, with decreased trabecular thickness and increased structure model index at 2 months only compared with the control (P < 0.05). The bone became less dense and more rodlike. These bone changes are similar to those seen by the effects of aging or impaired normal function. Thus, in the short term, changes occur in the bone microstructure of the glenoid fossa and mandibular condyle after vertical mandibular ramus distraction in the canine model.

Abdominal wall endometrioma found during abdominoplasty.

Extrauterine manifestations of endometriosis are well-recognized and frequently encountered by gynecologists, but are not necessarily familiar to the plastic surgery community. With the current increase in gastric bypass procedures performed and the subsequent increase in abdominal wall reconstructions secondary to massive weight loss, the plastic surgeon should have some familiarity with the diverse presentations of this common disease. To help with this, the authors present the case of an abdominal wall endometrioma diagnosed during abdominoplasty.

Micro-computed tomography evaluation of the glenoid fossa and mandibular condyle bone after bilateral vertical ramus mandibular distraction in a canine model.

The aim of this study was to quantify bone microarchitecture within the glenoid fossa and mandibular condyle following mandibular distraction osteogenesis. Eight 6- to 9-month-old male beagle dogs underwent bilateral vertical mandibular distraction with semiburied distractors (12 days of distraction at 1 mm per day). One unoperated animal served as control. After distraction the animals were divided into two groups (N = 4) and killed after 1 or 2 months of consolidation. Three-dimensional trabecular architecture was analyzed by micro-computed tomography (muCT). At both sites the overall trends were similar. In the glenoid fossa, there was decreased bone volume, trabecular number, and connectivity density and increased trabecular separation at 1 month and decreased trabecular thickness and increased structure model index compared with the control (P < 0.05). In the mandibular condyle, there was decreased bone volume, trabecular number, and connectivity density at both 1 and 2 months, with decreased trabecular thickness and increased structure model index at 2 months only compared with the control (P < 0.05). The bone became less dense and more rodlike. These bone changes are similar to those seen by the effects of aging or impaired normal function. Thus, in the short term, changes occur in the bone microstructure of the glenoid fossa and mandibular condyle after vertical mandibular ramus distraction in the canine model.

The model graft: reconstruction of the maxilla using a fibular bone graft template.

The reconstruction of the partial maxillectomy decfect with a free graft depends on a team approach in a coordinated manner. However, this is not always possible due to physical limitations or, unfortunately, pragmatic factors in the era of managed care. A surgical template oftentimes is the critical measure of success in these cases, but may not be available or easily created for the previously mentioned reasons. In this article, we describe the use of redundant fibular bone as a template for reconstruction of the partial maxillectomy defect. This is a satisfactory alternative to a dental template in many cases, and, we believe, in some cases, may even be superior because it is the graft itself. As a result insetting can be hastened and precious ischemic time can be lessened-all favoring a successful, functional result.