RESUMO
Siguiendo las nuevas líneas de acción en materia de seguridad propuestas por Osakidetza en relación con la disminución de infecciones del tracto urinario asociadas a catéteres, y continuando con el interés creciente por una práctica clínica basada en la evidencia, se ha llevado a cabo una actualización del protocolo del sondaje vesical. Tras una exhaustiva búsqueda bibliográfica se han determinado puntos clave en el procedimiento del sondaje vesical y se están estudiando estrategias para difundir este protocolo. En la práctica se verán reflejadas en acciones dirigidas a evitar sondajes innecesarios, retirada precoz de las sondas, técnicas asépticas en la inserción, correcto mantenimiento, seguimiento de ITU relacionadas con el sondaje. Todo esto es un proceso sin concluir que nos va a llevar a adaptarnos a unas recomendaciones e intervenciones enfermeras basadas en la mejor evidencia
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Assuntos
Humanos , Cistostomia/enfermagem , Cateterismo Urinário/enfermagem , Infecções Urinárias/prevenção & controle , Infecções Relacionadas a Cateter/prevenção & controle , Enfermagem Baseada em Evidências/métodos , Avaliação em EnfermagemRESUMO
A high-performance liquid chromatographic-atmospheric pressure chemical ionization mass spectrometric method was developed for the determination of volatile nitrosamines in dry sausages. Tandem mass spectrometry was applied for the detection of N-nitrosopyrrolidine, N-nitrosodiethylamine and N-nitrosopiperidine. N-nitrosomethylamine was detected by using the selected ion monitoring mode. The occurrence of the four different nitrosamines was monitored in 27 dry sausage samples and a correlation was observed between N-nitrosopyrrolidine and biogenic amines. Nitroso compounds are thus not only formed in heated conditions but formation can also occur during ripening of dry sausages by reaction between residual nitrite and amines formed during the fermentation process.
Assuntos
Contaminação de Alimentos , Produtos da Carne/análise , Nitrosaminas/análise , Animais , Aminas Biogênicas/análise , Calibragem , Cromatografia Líquida de Alta Pressão , Fermentação , Análise de Alimentos/métodos , Umidade , Espectrometria de Massas/métodos , VolatilizaçãoRESUMO
Anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid is generally considered a primary condition. Our study, based on ten observations, shows that anaplastic carcinoma of the thyroid with a rapidly fatal course may arise in long-standing goiters. Borderline histologic changes may be encountered; in some differentiated nodules, undifferentiated areas were found. Factors inducing transformation is equally obscure. Anaplastic changes may result from the growth of previously quiescent clones. The time-interval between benignant and malignant lesions varies widely and is difficult to establish unequivocally. In some instances, anaplastic carcinoma occurs after surgical removal of differentiated carcinoma.